scholarly journals Early psychosocial deprivation and adolescent risk-taking: The role of motivation and executive control.

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Kopetz ◽  
Jacqueline I. Woerner ◽  
Laura MacPherson ◽  
Carl W. Lejuez ◽  
Charles A. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Psychosocial Deprivation ◽  
Adolescent Risk

scholarly journals Moderated mediation of the link between parent-adolescent conflict and adolescent risk-taking: The role of physiological regulation and hostile behavior in an experimentally controlled investigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Thomas ◽  
Anjali Jain ◽  
Tristan Wilson ◽  
Danielle E. Deros ◽  
Irene Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Arousal ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Ability ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Adolescent Conflict ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

Compared to childhood and adulthood, adolescence is a time of greater risk-taking behavior, potentially resulting in serious consequences. Theories of adolescent brain development highlight the imbalance between neural circuitry for reward vs. regulation. Although this imbalance may make adolescents more vulnerable to impaired decision-making in the context of heightened arousal, not all adolescents exhibit problematic risk behavior, suggesting other factors are involved. Relatedly, parent-adolescent conflict increases in mid-adolescence, and is linked to negative outcomes like substance use related risk-taking. However, the mechanism by which parent-adolescent conflict and risk-taking are linked is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated this association using a multi-method experimental design. Parent-adolescent dyads were randomly assigned to complete a discussion task together on the topic of either the adolescent’s dream vacation or an adolescent-identified conflict topic. During the task, adolescent peripheral psychophysiology was measured for later calculation of heart rate variability (HRV), an index of self-regulation. Immediately after the discussion task, adolescents completed a performance-based measure of risk-taking propensity that indexes real-world risk behaviors. We hypothesized that parent-adolescent conflict would predict greater adolescent risk-taking propensity, and that increased behavioral arousal in the context of conflict, coupled with impaired self-regulation, would explain this link. Results indicated no direct effect of parent-adolescent conflict on adolescent risk-taking propensity. However, there was a significant conditional indirect effect: lower HRV, indexing worse regulatory ability, mediated the relation between conflict and risk-taking propensity but only for adolescents exhibiting behavioral arousal during the discussion task. We discuss implications for understanding adolescent risk-taking behavior.

scholarly journals The Role of Probabilistic Reasoning Abilities on Adolescent Risk Taking

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 262-274
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Donati ◽  
Francesca Chiesi ◽  
Caterina Primi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Reasoning Abilities ◽  
Adolescent Risk

Enhanced Striatal Sensitivity to Aversive Reinforcement in Adolescents versus Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Galván ◽  
Kristine M. McGlennen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Aversive Stimulus ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Aversive Events ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Negative Factors

Neurodevelopmental changes in mesolimbic regions are associated with adolescent risk-taking behavior. Numerous studies have shown exaggerated activation in the striatum in adolescents compared with children and adults during reward processing. However, striatal sensitivity to aversion remains elusive. Given the important role of the striatum in tracking both appetitive and aversive events, addressing this question is critical to understanding adolescent decision-making, as both positive and negative factors contribute to this behavior. In this study, human adult and adolescent participants performed a task in which they received squirts of appetitive or aversive liquid while undergoing fMRI, a novel approach in human adolescents. Compared with adults, adolescents showed greater behavioral and striatal sensitivity to both appetitive and aversive stimuli, an effect that was exaggerated in response to delivery of the aversive stimulus. Collectively, these findings contribute to understanding how neural responses to positive and negative outcomes differ between adolescents and adults and how they may influence adolescent behavior.

Adolescent risk-taking behavior: A review of the role of parental involvement

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina L. Hindelang ◽  
William O. Dwyer ◽  
Frank C. Leeming
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

Prediction of Delinquency: The Role of Depression, Risk-taking, and Parental Attachment

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loranie Leas ◽  
David Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parent Attachment ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
Delinquent Behaviour ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Group Members

AbstractThis study investigated the relative contributions of risk-taking behaviour (RTB), parental attachment, and depression to delinquency. Data were gathered from 108 university students and youth group members, aged between 17 and 23 years (M = 19 years). Each participant completed four self-report questionnaires: the Australian Self-report Delinquency Scale, the Adolescent Risk-taking Questionnaire, the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The three predictor variables were significantly related to each other, and risk-taking behaviour and depression uniquely predicted total delinquency. While parent attachment was not a significant predictor of delinquency, when the subscales of parent attachment were assessed individually, parental trust and communication inversely predicted delinquent behaviour. Although based on a nondeviant sample, the findings suggest that adolescents who display poor parent attachment, depression, or high risk-taking behaviour, singularly or in combination, are more prone to engage in delinquent behaviour. The results hold a number of potentially important implications for both further studies and the design and provision of intervention and preventative programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document