The effects of timing of exposure to principles and procedural instruction specificity on learning an electrical troubleshooting skill.

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Eiriksdottir ◽  
Richard Catrambone
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Instruction ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

scholarly journals A Complex Acetate-ment: Timing of Exposure Determines Memory T Cell Fate

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-327
Author(s):  
Graham A. Heieis ◽  
Bart Everts
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Memory T Cell ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

scholarly journals Possibilities of the primary and secondary prophylaxis in treatment of childhood asthma

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Petrovic ◽  
Jelena Tomic ◽  
Radmila Ljustina-Pribic
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Information ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Primary Sensitization ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

Introduction The natural course of asthma is unpredictable and appears to be unaffected by any therapeutic strategy. Under such circumstances, the attention must be focused on the opportunities for prevention of a disease which is chronic, life long and incurable, even thought it can be very effectively controlled. During the past decades, a lot of a studies have been performed and started, in which relatively large numbers of children were included and followed prospectively to determine the incidence of risk factors for asthma in childhood. All these studies have contributed significant new information. The levels of prevention must be considered in all patients. There are two main separate components to the strategy. Primary prophylaxis Primary prophylaxis (time course of allergic sensitization, timing of exposure to allergens, influence of tobacco smoke, maternal health and allergen exposure) is introduced before there is any evidence of sensitization to factors which might have caused the disease. There is increasing evidence that allergic sensitization is a very common precursor to the development of asthma. Secondary prophylaxis Secondary prophylaxis (allergen avoidance, hygiene hypothesis) is important after primary sensitization to allergen has occurred, but before there is any evidence of asthma. Conclusion In this article the authors reviewed all results of studies about primary and secondary prophylaxis of asthma and its influence on the course of disease.

scholarly journals Daytime Effect of Monochromatic Blue Light on EEG Activity Depends on Duration and Timing of Exposure in Young Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Iskra-Golec ◽  
Krystyna Golonka ◽  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Lawrence Smith ◽  
Patrycja Siemiginowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

Preposition Stranding in Spanish as a Heritage Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Pascual y Cabo
Keyword(s):  
Heritage Language ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Heritage Speaker ◽  
The Core ◽  
Preposition Stranding ◽  
Crosslinguistic Influence ◽  
Spanish Heritage Speakers ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

Previous research examining heritage speaker bilingualism has suggested that interfaceconditioned properties are likely to be affected by crosslinguistic influence (e.g., Montrul & Polinsky, 2011; White, 2011). It is not clear, however, whether the core syntax can also be affected to the same degree (e.g., Cuza, 2013; Depiante & Thompson, 2013). Departing from Cuza’s (2013) and Depiante and Thompson’s (2013) research, the present study seeks to determine the extent to which this is possible in the case of Spanish as a heritage language. With this goal in mind, a total of thirty-three Spanish heritage speakers (divided into sequential and simultaneous bilinguals) and a comparison group of eleven late Spanish-English bilinguals completed a battery of off-line tasks that examined knowledge and use of preposition stranding (i.e., a syntactic construction whereby the object of the preposition is fronted while the preposition itself is left stranded), an understudied core syntactic phenomenon that is licit in English but precluded in Spanish. Overall findings reveal that the sequential heritage speakers pattern with participants from the control group. The simultaneous heritage speakers, on the other hand, seem to have a grammar that is not so restricting as they accept and produce ungrammatical cases of preposition stranding. Herein, we argue that these results do not obtain the way they do due to incomplete acquisition or L1 attrition but crucially because of the timing of exposure to the societal language. We propose that this property was completely acquired, although differently acquired due to the structural overlap observed between the two languages involved (e.g., Müller & Hulk, 2001), and most importantly, to the timing of acquisition of English (e.g., Putnam & Sánchez, 2013).

Exposure to environmental chemicals and type 1 diabetes: an update

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah G Howard
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Environmental Chemical ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

This narrative review summarises recently published epidemiological and in vivo experimental studies on exposure to environmental chemicals and their potential role in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). These studies focus on a variety of environmental chemical exposures, including to air pollution, arsenic, some persistent organic pollutants, pesticides, bisphenol A and phthalates. Of the 15 epidemiological studies identified, 14 include measurements of exposures during childhood, 2 include prenatal exposures and 1 includes adults over age 21. Together, they illustrate that the role of chemicals in T1DM may be complex and may depend on a variety of factors, such as exposure level, timing of exposure, nutritional status and chemical metabolism. While the evidence that these exposures may increase the risk of T1DM is still preliminary, it is critical to investigate this possibility further as a means of preventing T1DM.

scholarly journals Role of timing of exposure to pets and dampness or molds on asthma and sensitization in adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Milanzi E ◽  
Koppelman G ◽  
Smit H ◽  
Wijga A ◽  
Vonk J ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Timing Of Exposure

Revisiting the Link Between Depression Symptoms and High School Dropout: Timing of Exposure Matters

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Dupéré ◽  
Eric Dion ◽  
Frédéric Nault-Brière ◽  
Isabelle Archambault ◽  
Tama Leventhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Dropout ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Timing Of Exposure

Peut-on sauver un sens de dénomination pour les noms propres ?

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Kleiber
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Semantic Description ◽  
Procedural Approach ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Procedural Instruction

This study revisits the classic problem posed by the meaning of proper names, and proposes a procedural approach to this problem, by analysing the meaning of proper names as an instruction to find in long-term memory the referent that carries the proper name in question. This is a revision of my earlier theory of ‘naming predicates’ (Kleiber 1981), which captures the meaning of proper names like Louis in terms of paraphrases of the form “the x who is called Louis”. The concept of ‘naming predicate’ was meant to provide an alternative to the inadequacies of the two classic approaches to the meaning of proper names, viz. theories that analyse proper names as semantically empty (e.g. Mills, Kripke 1972) and theories that analyse proper names in terms of uniquely identifying descriptions (Frege, Russell 1956). An analysis in terms of naming predicates (‘the X called Louis’) gives proper names an abstract type of meaning, thus avoiding the disembodied sign that results from analysing them as semantically empty, and at the same time does not go to the other extreme of incoporating aspects of the referent in the proper name’s meaning, thus avoiding the well-known problems with referential identity (e.g. Tullius = Cicero) and the related puzzles of transparence and opacity. In spite of these descriptive advantages, further research has shown that there are a number of problems with the notion of ‘naming predicate’. One of these problems concerns the status of proper names in ‘naming constructions’ like I am called Louis. Applying a naming predicate analysis to such constructions either leads to infinite regression (Wilmet 1995), or — if Louis in the naming predicate ‘the x called Louis’ is regarded as a phonetic form rather than a proper name — to a denial of proper name status in the very construction that expresses the naming link between proper name and referent (Jonasson 1982). Another problem concerns the cognitive naturalness of an analysis in terms of ‘naming predicates’. While this analysis is quite natural in contexts like There is no Louis in this office, it works less well in contexts like This painting is a real Picasso and, most importantly, in prototypical uses like Louis is a painter and a sculpturer, where a naming predicate analysis solely identifies the referent as the carrier of the proper name. These problems have led me to propose a revision to the theory of naming predicates. The descriptive advantages of using the naming relation between proper name and referent as the basis of the semantic description are obvious, which means that this aspect of the theory needs to be maintained. What causes most of the problems, however, is associating this naming relation with a predicate. As an alternative, I propose to reanalyse it in a procedural sense, not as a predicate describing the referent but as a procedural instruction to look for the referent that carries the proper name. This puts proper names in the domain of indexical signs like deictic elements. Common nouns, on the other hand, are not indexical in this sense but stand for concepts, which means that indexicality only comes into the picture when deictic elements are added.

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