Using ants as a novel approach for student training in research methods.

The Introduction describes the vital rebirth in sentiment’s lived and literary form that occurs in interwar America. The result is an aesthetic of “modern sentimentalism.” The chapter defines this aesthetic of mixed feelings as it captures the conflicted affective dynamics of icons of modern femininity and the stylistic practices of interwar female novelists. The chapter discusses the assumptions that have led scholars to overlook this aesthetic’s purchase in modernist literature and culture, and indicates its consequences for understandings of modernity, sentiment, and interwar gender and affect. The chapter lays out the study’s methodology, which synthesizes traditional and quantitative research methods, features a transatlantic archive of period discourse and critical theory, and establishes a novel approach to evaluating literary affect. The chapter concludes that the crisis in female character can be best understood as a matter of practical experience and lived reality, not a problem of abstract representation.

Download Full-text

Using Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI) to Teach Qualitative Research Methods

10.33774/apsa-2021-1fnv8-v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alan Jacobs ◽

Diana Kapiszewski ◽

Sebastian Karcher

Keyword(s):

Graduate Students ◽

Research Methods ◽

Learning Strategies ◽

Original Data ◽

Data Sources ◽

General Description ◽

Digital Publication ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Active Learning Strategies ◽

Approach To Teaching

In political science, qualitative analytic methods are rarely taught using “active learning” strategies. We discuss a novel approach to teaching such methods: having students engage with scholarship that has been annotated using Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI). ATI allows authors to annotate passages in a digital publication to clarify methodology, add detail about evidence or analysis, or link to data sources. Learning methods through engagement with annotated articles allows students to interact with original data and to better understand and evaluate how authors collected, analyzed, and used those data. This leads students to learn research methods in a way that more closely approximates how they will use those methods in their own research. We present a general description of strategies for teaching with ATI. We illustrate the approach using three examples of instructors teaching both undergraduate and graduate students. We conclude with recommendations for effectively using ATI in the classroom.

Download Full-text

Insights from the classroom

The Journal of Practice Teaching and Learning ◽

10.1921/jpts.v10i3.249 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 6-16

Author(s):

Marni Sommer

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Global Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Columbia University ◽

Novel Approach ◽

School Of Public Health ◽

Student Training

A novel approach to expand ing student training in graduate masters of public health is to incorporate ethnographic methodological training, both observation and fieldwork, into courses teaching students about structural and environmental factors impacting on health outcomes. One such course is offered at the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, where a course entitled ‘Structural Approaches in Global Health’ has both extended students’ prior methodological training, while also harnessing students’ insightful observations from their fieldwork and analysis of the New York City public health landscape.

Download Full-text

GOOD AND BAD SOCIOLOGY: DOES TOPIC MODELLING MAKE A DIFFERENCE?

Society Register ◽

10.14746/sr.2021.5.4.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 7-22

Author(s):

MARIUSZ BARANOWSKI ◽

PIOTR CICHOCKI

Keyword(s):

Research Methods ◽

Language Processing ◽

Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽

Social Reality ◽

Small Data ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Topic Modelling ◽

Social Sciences And Humanities ◽

Novel Approach ◽

New Research

The changing social reality, which is increasingly digitally networked, requires new research methods capable of analysing large bodies of data (including textual data). This development poses a challenge for sociology, whose ambition is primarily to describe and explain social reality. As traditional sociological research methods focus on analysing relatively small data, the existential challenge of today involves the need to embrace new methods and techniques, which enable valuable insights into big volumes of data at speed. One such emerging area of investigation involves the application of Natural Language Processing and Machine-Learning to text mining, which allows for swift analyses of vast bodies of textual content. The paper’s main aim is to probe whether such a novel approach, namely, topic modelling based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm, can find meaningful applications within sociology and whether its adaptation makes sociology perform its tasks better. In order to outline the context of the applicability of LDA in the social sciences and humanities, an analysis of abstracts of articles published in journals indexed in Elsevier’s Scopus database on topic modelling was conducted. This study, based on 1,149 abstracts, showed not only the diversity of topics undertaken by researchers but helped to answer the question of whether sociology using topic modelling is “good” sociology in the sense that it provides opportunities for exploration of topic areas and data that would not otherwise be undertaken.

Download Full-text

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bcj20190591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 476 (24) ◽

pp. 3705-3719 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Avani Vyas ◽

Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽

Kirill Kiselyov

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Platinum Resistance ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Platinum Compounds ◽

Copper Chelation ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

Download Full-text

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/2020_lshss-19-00050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 544-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Murphy ◽

Emily A. Diehm

Keyword(s):

Written Language ◽

Morphological Knowledge ◽

English Orthography ◽

Word Level ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Language Pathology ◽

The One ◽

Critical Intervention ◽

Reading And Spelling ◽

Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

Download Full-text