The effectiveness of a prayer intervention in promoting change in perceived attachment to God, positive affect, and psychological distress.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Monroe ◽  
Peter J. Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Attachment To God

Relations among Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Somatic Symptoms in a Medically Ill Patient Sample

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Kvaal ◽  
Shobhana Patodia
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Medically Ill ◽  
Different Populations

The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), a brief measure of Positive and Negative Affect, may be useful in assessing mood of medical patients because it does not include somatic items frequently confounded with medical conditions. In previous research Positive and Negative Affect have been independent and uncorrelated, and Negative Affect but not Positive Affect has been positively correlated with somatic symptoms. However, relationships between variables may vary in different populations, and there is relatively little information on Positive and Negative Affect in medical patients. In the current study, the PANAS was used to assess the relationships among Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and somatic symptoms and pain in a medically ill hospital population. Positive and Negative Affect scores were positively correlated and for patients reporting pain, Positive Affect scores were positively correlated with pain intensity. Results from this and other studies indicate that Positive and Negative Affect are independent but in some populations may be correlated; positive affects such as hopefulness may co-occur with both somatic complaints and psychological distress.

scholarly journals Network Analysis of Mindfulness Facets, Affect, Compassion, and Distress

Mindfulness ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg N. Medvedev ◽  
Matti Cervin ◽  
Barbara Barcaccia ◽  
Richard J. Siegert ◽  
Anja Roemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
Mindfulness Facets ◽  
Internal Experience

Abstract Objectives Mindfulness, positive affect, and compassion may protect against psychological distress but there is lack of understanding about the ways in which these factors are linked to mental health. Network analysis is a statistical method used to investigate complex associations among constructs in a single network and is particularly suitable for this purpose. The aim of this study was to explore how mindfulness facets, affect, and compassion were linked to psychological distress using network analysis. Methods The sample (n = 400) included equal numbers from general and student populations who completed measures of five mindfulness facets, compassion, positive and negative affect, depression, anxiety, and stress. Network analysis was used to explore the direct associations between these variables. Results Compassion was directly related to positive affect, which in turn was strongly and inversely related to depression and positively related to the observing and describing facets of mindfulness. The non-judgment facet of mindfulness was strongly and inversely related to negative affect, anxiety, and depression, while non-reactivity and acting with awareness were inversely associated with stress and anxiety, respectively. Strong associations were found between all distress variables. Conclusions The present network analysis highlights the strong link between compassion and positive affect and suggests that observing and describing the world through the lens of compassion may enhance resilience to depression. Taking a non-judging and non-reacting stance toward internal experience while acting with awareness may protect against psychological distress. Applicability of these findings can be examined in experimental studies aiming to prevent distress and enhance psychological well-being.

Does Positive Affect Buffer the Associations between Job Insecurity and Work Engagement and Psychological Distress? A Test among South African Workers

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinne Vander Elst ◽  
Jacqueline Bosman ◽  
Nele De Cuyper ◽  
Jeroen Stouten ◽  
Hans De Witte
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
South African ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Job Insecurity

What is wellness? The role of human values

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Jonathan Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Alternative Understanding

There is a growing literature on wellness for law in Australia and elsewhere. Significant uncertainty exists, however, about what exactly wellness means in this context. I argue that wellness is not best understood either as the absence of psychological distress or as the presence of life satisfaction or positive affect. I propose an alternative understanding of wellness that centres around the role of basic values in human flourishing. Wellness, I suggest, consists in participating in the various dimensions of human flourishing in a balanced and integrated way. This approach draws out the deep challenges that wellness poses to legal education and practice.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS FOR PROFESSORS IN BRAZIL AND CANADA

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 201-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA ALICE VILAS BOAS ◽  
ESTELLE M. MORIN
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Psychology ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mean Differences

Mental health, an important object of research in psychology as well as social psychology, can be determined by the relationship between psychological well-being and psychological distress. In this context, we search to understand: “How do compare mental health of professors working in public universities in an emerging country like Brazil with the one of professors working in a developed country like Canada?” and “What are the main differences in the indicators of mental health in work domain?”. This paper assesses psychological well-being and psychological distress for professors working in these two countries and test for their differences. The sample consists of 354 Brazilian professors and 317 Canadian professors. Data were collected through an on-line questionnaire assessing the following mental health indicators: anxiety, depression, loss of control, general positive affect and emotional ties. We compared the components of psychological distress and psychological well-being to analyse their relations. Additionally, we compared these components with work-life balance indicator. Reliability analyses demonstrated that all tested components are consistent to evaluate mental health. There are small mean differences between Brazilian and Canadian professors in all five components of mental health, but these differences are not statistically significant. Mean differences for work-life balance, gender, age, and bias of conformity are statistically different, although the size effects are small. Linear regression analysis, step by step, controlled for life events, showed that general positive affect, anxiety and emotional ties predict 31.5% of the scores of work-life balance. Additionally, we observed that Brazilian professors find more balance between professional and private life than do their Canadian colleagues. Promoting mental health is a challenge for public management sector, thus, public managers and governmental organizations can beneficiate from the studies of social psychology to improve work performance and the quality of the services offered to the society as well as to assist employees to improve their personal and professional life.

scholarly journals Clinical Audit in a General Surgery Rotation: Responses and Professional Opinion of Participating House Officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Tan Jih Huei ◽  
Kumar Novinth ◽  
Tan Chor Lip Henry
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Professional Opinion

House officers (HOs) face numerous challenges to adapt to new working environment following months of unemployment. Several studies have addressed their psychological distress, and identified that general surgery is one of the most stressful rotation. In this current study, we intend to study their emotional responses when they are participating in clinical audit. The responses were assessed with Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Those who participated in the survey had more positive affect than negative affect. A small proportion of them had a sense of guilt and fear. HOs work far from original hometown and away from family members are having less positive affect. Appropriate measures to allow HOs to work close to family may improve work efficacy and emotional health.

scholarly journals The Reciprocal Relationship Between Resources and Psychological Distress Among Unemployed Job Seekers

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele De Cuyper ◽  
Kristien Philippaers ◽  
Dorien Vanhercke ◽  
Hans De Witte
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Perceived Availability

This study sets out to investigate the reciprocal relationship between resources and psychological distress in a sample of unemployed job seekers shortly after dismissal. This idea of reciprocal relationships is inspired by general resource-based theories, the conservation of resources theory, and the broaden and build theory in particular. We selected perceived availability of networks as a social resource and reemployment efficacy as a personal resource, and we distinguished between negative and absence of positive affect as indicators of psychological distress. We analyzed data of 610 unemployed job seekers who participated twice in a survey with a time lag of 6 months and using structural equation modeling. Results showed that negative affect (but not absence of positive affect) depleted both perceived availability of networks and reemployment efficacy. The path from resources to psychological distress was not significant. We discuss potential implications for research and practice.

scholarly journals Brief mindfulness-based training and mindfulness trait attenuate psychological stress in university students: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geovan Menezes de Sousa ◽  
Geissy Lainny de Lima-Araújo ◽  
Dráulio Barros de Araújo ◽  
Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
University Students ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
State Mindfulness ◽  
High Trait

Abstract Background Psychological distress in University settings has grown and became a public health concern. In this context, contemplative practices such as mindfulness have been proposed as a strategy to help students on stress management. Methods Forty university students (20 female), aged between 18 to 30 years (mean = 24.15; SD = 3.56), with no previous experience with meditation or yoga were recruited at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and randomized to a mindfulness training (MT) or active control (AC) groups. We analyzed measures of anxiety, affect, stress, as well as state and trait mindfulness in order to evaluate the effects of trait mindfulness and a brief mindfulness intervention in forty healthy young students. Participants were classified as Low (n = 27, females = 13) or High (n = 13, females = 7) Trait Mindfulness by k-means clustering and compared between them using Wilcoxon sum rank test. Furthermore, the sample was randomly allocated to an AC (n = 20, females = 10) or a MT (n = 20, females = 10) group, and mixed analysis of variance was performed to analyze the effect of interventions. The mechanisms and role of trait mindfulness in the intervention was assessed by a moderated mediation analysis. Results We found that High Trait individuals have lower anxiety trait, anxiety state and perceived stress levels. Only the MT group reduced their anxiety state and perceived stress after the intervention and increased their state mindfulness. Both groups reduced negative affect and cortisol, and no change was found in positive affect. Moderated mediation analysis showed that the training-induced change in state mindfulness mediated the increase in positive affect and the decrease in perceived stress and cortisol, regardless of trait mindfulness. For anxiety state the decrease only occurred in individuals with High Trait Mindfulness. Conclusions Together, these results suggest that higher trait mindfulness is associated with low levels of psychological distress and that a brief mindfulness-based intervention seems to be useful to reduce distress measures in university students. Trial registration ReBEC, U1111-1194-8661. Registered 28 March 2017—Retrospectively registered, http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7b8yh8

Maintaining Wellbeing during Unemployment

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nancey Hoare ◽  
M. Anthony Machin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Unique Predictor ◽  
Practical Implications

A survey of 371 unemployed people in South East Queensland explored whether deprivation of the latent benefits of employment was able to predict psychological distress after controlling for other key correlates. A standard multiple regression found that the latent benefits (timestructure, social contact, collective purpose, enforced activity, and status) accounted for a significant 13 per cent of the variance in psychological distress, with time structure being the most important unique predictor. However, after controlling for self-esteem, positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), satisfaction with employment status, employment commitment, and financial strain, the latent benefits did not significantly add to the prediction of distress. The results are discussed in terms of their practical implications for career development.

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