Supplemental Material for Approach, Disengagement, Protest, and Suppression: Four Behaviors Toward God in the Context of Religious/Spiritual Struggle

Keyword(s):  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 597-597
Author(s):  
A. Ai ◽  
H. Appel ◽  
Z. Kronfol

IntroductionFactors pertaining to religion and spirituality have been linked with well-being and adequate coping. Few studies have investigated negative aspects of religious coping, such as spiritual struggle.ObjectivesBased on multidisciplinary literature and previous findings, our study's objectives are to estimate the parallel psychophysiological pathways from pre-operative distress to post-operative depression in patients undergoing open heart surgery.AimsThe study's aims are to examine the association in depression, anxiety, and how coping, spiritual struggle and interleukin-6 play a role in patients following open heart surgery.MethodsPlasma samples for interleukin-6 (IL-6) were obtained before open heart surgery. Patients’ history and demographic information obtained through interviews 2 days before surgery. Follow up interview for mental health and religious were conducted before and after surgery.ResultsThe results showed that a link between spiritual struggle and IL-6 mediated the indirect effects of pre-operative anxiety on post-operative depression. Anxiety had positive indirect effects on post-operative hostility. Further, hope played a protective mediating role to moderate the undesirable influences of the spiritual struggle-IL-6 link and maladaptive coping on post-operative mental health attributes.ConclusionsOur study estimated important psychophysiological pathways from pre-operative distress to post-operative maladjustment. To our knowledge, this model is the first analysis to demonstrate the significant mediating effect of the spiritual-IL-6 link, alongside that of positive religious copping and other maladaptive coping, in this population.


Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Holly Nelson-Becker ◽  
Michael Thomas

Spiritual and religious struggles emerge in times where life meaning is unclear, has changed or is challenged. Resilience has been addressed in terms of psychological, social, emotional and physical capacity or competence related to struggle. However, there is a relatively sparse literature defining and addressing spiritual resilience, both what it is and how it is demonstrated. This is especially true of the oppressive and marginalised experiences of diverse older persons. This paper asks how older persons have responded to life challenge and spiritual struggle through spiritually resilient responses. It provides a foundation for the discussion of spiritual resilience in older people through examples from two different community studies: 55 LGBQ older dyads across several nations, and 75 older Black and Jewish persons residing in Chicago, IL. The first study highlights same-sex couples, discussing the complex relationship of sexuality and religion and how resilience is achieved. The second study addresses religious/spiritual struggle using a life course perspective to note where spiritual resilience has been an outcome. Spiritual resilience is at the heart of posttraumatic and stress-related growth and often emerges through a process of lived transformation leading to greater self-awareness and self-understanding in a revised construction of identity.


2016 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Grubbs ◽  
Joshua Wilt ◽  
Nicholas Stauner ◽  
Julie J. Exline ◽  
Kenneth I. Pargament

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Ai ◽  
E Mitchell Seymour ◽  
Terrence N. Tice ◽  
Ziad Kronfol ◽  
Steven F. Bolling

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Dallas ◽  
Megan L. Wilkins ◽  
Jichuan Wang ◽  
Ana Garcia ◽  
Maureen E. Lyon

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leor Halevi

AbstractThis article deals with the origins, development, and popularity of boycott fatwas. Born of the marriage of Islamic politics and Islamic economics in an age of digital communications, these fatwas targeted American, Israeli, and Danish commodities between 2000 and 2006. Muftis representing both mainstream and, surprisingly, radical tendencies argued that jihad can be accomplished through nonviolent consumer boycotts. Their argument marks a significant development in the history of jihad doctrine because boycotts, construed as jihadi acts, do not belong to the commonplace categories of jihad as a “military” or a “spiritual” struggle. The article also demonstrates that boycott fatwas emerged, to a large degree, from below. New media, in particular interconnected computer networks, made it easier for laypersons to drive the juridical discourse. They did so before September 11 as well as, more insistently, afterward. Their consumer jihad had some economic impact on targeted multinationals, and it provoked corporate reactions.


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