THE CONSUMER JIHAD: BOYCOTT FATWAS AND NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE ON THE WORLD WIDE WEB

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leor Halevi
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Spiritual Struggle ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Nonviolent Resistance ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Consumer Boycotts

AbstractThis article deals with the origins, development, and popularity of boycott fatwas. Born of the marriage of Islamic politics and Islamic economics in an age of digital communications, these fatwas targeted American, Israeli, and Danish commodities between 2000 and 2006. Muftis representing both mainstream and, surprisingly, radical tendencies argued that jihad can be accomplished through nonviolent consumer boycotts. Their argument marks a significant development in the history of jihad doctrine because boycotts, construed as jihadi acts, do not belong to the commonplace categories of jihad as a “military” or a “spiritual” struggle. The article also demonstrates that boycott fatwas emerged, to a large degree, from below. New media, in particular interconnected computer networks, made it easier for laypersons to drive the juridical discourse. They did so before September 11 as well as, more insistently, afterward. Their consumer jihad had some economic impact on targeted multinationals, and it provoked corporate reactions.

Dynamics of Information in Disseminating Academic Research in the New Media

2002 ◽  
pp. 239-256
Author(s):  
James K. Ho
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
It Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Much academic research on information technology (IT), systems (IS), and management (IM) has been branded by practitioners in business as unusable, irrelevant, and unreadable. Consequently, it is highly unlikely that conventional outlets for such work, e.g., scholarly journals and conference proceedings, can receive significant real-world exposure. By reversing the push-pull dynamics of information dissemination and retrieval in the new media, alternative approaches are emerging. This article presents the history of a case in point with data recorded over a period of 15 months. It is shown that the Internet in general and the World Wide Web in particular will be significant resources in bridging the gap between practice and relevant research.

André Martinet (1908–1999)

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-293
Author(s):  
Johannes Klare
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Research Director

André Martinet holds an important position in the history of linguistics in the twentieth century. For more than six decades he decisively influenced the development of linguistics in France and in the world. He is one of the spokespersons for French linguistic structuralism, the structuralisme fonctionnel. The article focuses on a description and critical appreciation of the interlinguistic part of Martinet’s work. The issue of auxiliary languages and hence interlinguistics had interested Martinet greatly from his youth and provoked him to examine the matter actively. From 1946 onwards he worked in New York as a professor at Columbia University and a research director of the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). From 1934 he was in contact with the Danish linguist and interlinguist Otto Jespersen (1860–1943). Martinet, who went back to Paris in 1955 to work as a professor at the École Pratique des Hautes Études (Sorbonne), increasingly developed into an expert in planned languages; for his whole life, he was committed to the world-wide use of a foreign language that can be learned equally easily by members of all ethnic groups; Esperanto, functioning since 1887, seemed a good option to him.

Community Purpose and the Nazi Lesson

Philosophy ◽  
1944 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
J. W. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Political ◽  
War Machine ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Contemplating the catastrophic course of the Nazi Revolution we may well find it all too easy to see nothing in the spectacle but the nether darkness made visible; and if we are advised that it is not merely permissible but highly advisable to learn from the enemy, we may be tempted to think that whatever the Nazi war-machine has to teach the strategist and the technician, the political history of Germany in the last decade, and in particular the political ideology that has imposed itself upon the German mind with such apparent thoroughness, can yield only the negative lesson of a warning, by displaying upon the world-wide stage the doomful consequences of wrong principles ruthlessly pushed to their extreme. But it is certainly an error to deny that nothing of more positive value has emerged out of the revolutionary cauldron: and indeed it would be more than strange, where such whole-hearted energies of mind are being enlisted in the evil cause of Nazism, if none of its votaries had ever stumbled for a time into wisdom.

Create It! Extend It!

2017 ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Kılınç
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
General Review ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marvel Comics

This study focuses on the historical process of DC Comics and Marvel Comics which are the leading companies that have made way for the comics to develop and take form in terms of advertising narrative. First of all, the history of DC Comics and Marvel Comics has been analyzed in a general framework in order to question the process in advertising history. At this point, the advertisements of these companies have been limited to the ones they have on the internet and the ones that give relevant data for the study. In addition to this, the study of narrative advertising of comics today, apart from the examples of DC Comics and Marvel Comics in their own cinematic universe, has been narrowed down to the Pegasus Airlines' commercial relating to Marvel Comics and Turkish Airlines' commercial relating to DC Comics. The result of a general review indicates that DC Comics and Marvel Comics have come to a turning point in terms of narrative advertising by creating a cinematic universe and with the means of new media becoming popular around the world.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the external auditory canal: a case report and review of the literature

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Haraguchi ◽  
Hitoshi Hentona ◽  
Hidekazu Tanaka ◽  
Atsushi Komatuzaki
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
External Auditory Canal ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncommon Tumour

AbstractPleomorphic adenoma arising in the external auditory canal is rare. We report the case of a 38-year-old man. To better grasp the clinical features and natural history of this uncommon tumour, we also reviewed the world wide literature and found 24 similar cases, which we analysed together with our own.

Disability and mobile Internet

First Monday ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Goggin
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Web Accessibility ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expanded Concept

As the World Wide Web turns 25, it is an appropriate time to ask: where are we are now with disability and the Internet? A good place to look is in the burgeoning area of Internet and mobile technology. Accordingly, this paper explores the issues and prospect for disability and mobile Internet. It provides a brief history of the entwined nature of the rise of disability and the Internet, discusses the emergence of mobile Internets, and then turns to a discussion of mobile Web accessibility. It concludes by noting the limits of mobile Web accessibility, for its struggle to adopt an expanded concept of disability — but also because of growing complexity of mobile Internets.

scholarly journals Analysis of E-marketing Strategies

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (14) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Hasan
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
New Media ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
User Centric

Analysis of E-marketing Strategies The Internet has led to an increasingly connected environment, and the growth of Internet usage has resulted in declining distribution of traditional media: television, radio, newspapers and magazines. Marketing in this connected environment and the use of that connectivity to market is e-marketing. E-Marketing embraces a wide range of strategies, but what underpins successful e-marketing is a user-centric and cohesive approach to these strategies. While the Internet and the World Wide Web have enabled what we call New Media, the theories that led to the development of the Internet have been developed since the 1950s. This paper focuses on only e-marketing strategies, not the plan of e-marketing.

scholarly journals Index Structures for XML Databases

2010 ◽  
pp. 98-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Mohammad ◽  
Patrick Martin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Semistructured Data ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Xml Databases ◽  
The World ◽  
Extensible Markup ◽  
History Of

Extensible Markup Language (XML), which provides a flexible way to define semistructured data, is a de facto standard for information exchange in the World Wide Web. The trend towards storing data in its XML format has meant a rapid growth in XML databases and the need to query them. Indexing plays a key role in improving the execution of a query. In this chapter the authors give a brief history of the creation and the development of the XML data model. They discuss the three main categories of indexes proposed in the literature to handle the XML semistructured data model and provide an evaluation of indexing schemes within these categories. Finally, they discuss limitations and open problems related to the major existing indexing schemes.

scholarly journals Representing African cities in Wikipedia

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-396
Author(s):  
Brendan Luyt
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Amorphous Network ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Media Work ◽  
Sub Saharan

The role played by representations in the lives of cities endows the study of their production and distribution in various media with importance. Today, the Internet, that amorphous network linking much of the world, is a powerful new media for the imagination of city spaces and hence in need of investigation. In this article, I focus on the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia, one of the most popular websites on the Internet. My aim is to explore the representations of two of the largest sub-Saharan African cities, Lagos and Kinshasa, in their respective Wikipedia articles. Wikipedia has been described as the encyclopaedia anyone can edit, suggesting that it is open to multiple perspectives on any particular topic. Given the history of how Africa in general has been either marginalized or conjured as an exotic or miserable “other” by much media work this potential for wider range of representations should not be overlooked. Does Wikipedia live up to its reputation in the case of Kinshasa and Lagos?

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