Modeling effects of side-effect probability, side-effect severity, and medication efficacy on patients with multiple sclerosis medication choice.

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Jarmolowicz ◽  
Derek D. Reed ◽  
Amanda S. Bruce ◽  
Sharon Lynch ◽  
Julia Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Medication Efficacy ◽  
Medication Choice ◽  
Side Effect Severity

On how patients with multiple sclerosis weigh side effect severity and treatment efficacy when making treatment decisions.

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Jarmolowicz ◽  
Amanda S. Bruce ◽  
Morgan Glusman ◽  
Seung-Lark Lim ◽  
Sharon Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Side Effect Severity

scholarly journals Risks and risk management in modern multiple sclerosis immunotherapeutic treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628641983657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Klotz ◽  
Joachim Havla ◽  
Nicholas Schwab ◽  
Reinhard Hohlfeld ◽  
Michael Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Target Effects

In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) owing to the approval of a number of new drugs with very distinct mechanisms of action. All approved disease-modifying drugs primarily work directly on the immune system. However, the identification of an ‘optimal choice’ for individual patients with regard to treatment efficacy, treatment adherence and side-effect profile has become increasingly complex including conceptual as well as practical considerations. Similarly, there are peculiarities and specific requirements with regard to treatment monitoring, especially in relation to immunosuppression, the development of secondary immune-related complications, as well as the existence of drug-specific on- and off-target effects. Both classical immunosuppression and selective immune interventions generate a spectrum of potential therapy-related complications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of available immunotherapeutics for MS and their risks, detailing individual mechanisms of action and side-effect profiles. Furthermore, practical recommendations for patients treated with modern MS immunotherapeutics are provided.

scholarly journals Use of newer disease-modifying therapies in pediatric multiple sclerosis in the US

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (19) ◽  
pp. e1778-e1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Krysko ◽  
Jennifer Graves ◽  
Mary Rensel ◽  
Bianca Weinstock-Guttman ◽  
Gregory Aaen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Disease Modifying

ObjectiveTo characterize the use and safety of newer disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in children with multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) treated under 18 years of age.MethodsThis is a cohort study including children with MS or CIS followed at 12 outpatient practices participating in the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers. DMT use, including duration, dose, and side effects, was analyzed. Newer DMTs were defined as agents receiving Food and Drug Administration approval or with increased use in adult MS after 2005.ResultsAs of July 2017, 1,019 pediatric patients with MS (n = 748) or CIS (n = 271) were enrolled (65% female, mean onset 13.0 ± 3.9 years, mean follow-up 3.5 ± 3.1 years, median 1.6 visits per year). Of these, 78% (n = 587) with MS and 11% (n = 31) with CIS received DMT before 18 years of age. This consisted of at least one newer DMT in 42%, including dimethyl fumarate (n = 102), natalizumab (n = 101), rituximab (n = 57), fingolimod (n = 37), daclizumab (n = 5), and teriflunomide (n = 3). Among 17%, the initial DMT prescribed was a newer agent (36 dimethyl fumarate, 30 natalizumab, 22 rituximab, 14 fingolimod, 2 teriflunomide). Over the last 10 years, the use of newer agents has increased, particularly in those ≥12 years and to lesser extent in those <12 years. The short-term side effect profiles of newer DMTs did not differ from those reported in adults.ConclusionNewer DMTs are often used in pediatric MS, and have similar short-term safety, tolerability, and side effect profiles as in adults. These findings may help inform pediatric MS management.

scholarly journals Rituximab induced cytokine release syndrome in an MS patient: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Etemadifar ◽  
Mehri Salari ◽  
Mahdieh Saeri ◽  
Amirhossein Akhavan Sigari ◽  
Sara Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Cytokine Release Syndrome ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Rituximab use in multiple sclerosis has been promising. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a common side effect of rituximab in patients with lymphoma. We report a case of a 44-year-old man with a history of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, who presented with signs and symptoms consistent with CRS after rituximab initiation.

Probability Discounting and Cardiovascular Risk: The Effect of Side-Effect Severity and Framing

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Asgarova ◽  
Anne C. Macaskill ◽  
Brian J. Robinson ◽  
Maree J. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Probability Discounting ◽  
Side Effect Severity

Arthritis during interferon beta-1b treatment in multiple sclerosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Altintas ◽  
Y Alici ◽  
M Melikoğlu ◽  
A Siva
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Ms Therapy

Interferon beta (IFN-β) is the most widely prescribed disease-modifying drug for multiple sclerosis (MS). Therapy with IFN-βmay be associated with a number of adverse reactions. The development or exacerbation of other autoimmune diseases is a rare but reported side effect of IFN-βtherapy. In this case report, we present clinical and laboratory findings of two MS patients who developed arthritis during IFN-β1b treatment, probably of autoimmune origin.

scholarly journals Current and Future Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis

Scientifica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Minagar
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Glatiramer Acetate ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Incurable Disease

With the introduction of interferon-β1b in 1993 as the first FDA-approved treatment for multiple sclerosis, the era of treatment of this incurable disease began, and its natural course was permanently changed. Currently, seven different treatments for patients with multiple sclerosis with different mechanisms of action and dissimilar side effect profiles exist. These medications include interferon-β1a intramuscular (Avonex), interferon-β1a subcutaneous (Rebif), interferon-β1b subcutaneous (Betaseron/Extavia), glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), natalizumab (Tysabri), fingolimod (Gilenya), teriflunomide (Aubagio), and mitoxantrone (Novantrone). In addition, a large number of clinical trials are being conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of various experimental agents in patients with multiple sclerosis, including alemtuzumab, dimethyl fumarate, laquinimod, rituximab, daclizumab, and cladribine. In this paper, the author presents a concise and comprehensive review of present and potential treatments for this incurable disease.

scholarly journals Side Effects and Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines among the Egyptian Population

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Marwa O. Elgendy ◽  
Ahmed O. El-Gendy ◽  
Sarah Mahmoud ◽  
Tarek Yehia Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed E. A. Abdelrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
Side Effect Severity

Background: Knowledge about a vaccine’s side effects and efficacy is important to improving public vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to detect the safety and efficacy of vaccines among the Egyptian population. Methodology and Results: Data was collected using an online survey from participants who took two doses of the BBIBP-CorV, ChAdOx1, or BNT162 vaccines. Pain at the vaccine injection site, muscle pain, fatigue, dizziness, fever, and headache were the most common side effects after the first and second doses. The number pf side effects was higher in ChAdOx1 than in BNT162 and BBIBP-CorV. Most of the side effects started on the first day after vaccination and persisted for 1–2 days. Vaccinated people with past coronavirus infections before vaccination developed better antibodies than those who were only vaccinated. The side-effect severity was greater after the first dose of BBIBP-CorV and ChAdOx1 than after the second dose, but in contrast, the side-effect severity was greater after the second dose of BNT162 vaccine than after the first dose. ChAdOx1 was more effective than BBIBP-CorV, and one dose of ChAdOx1 produced an immune response similar to that of two doses of BBIBP-CorV. Conclusions: Coronavirus vaccines were well-tolerated, safe, and produced an immune response against the virus in most cases. Most postvaccine side effects were mild to moderate, which indicated the building of immunity by the body for protection.

scholarly journals Drug-Induced Dysphagia

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Balzer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Esophageal Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Action ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Valuable Method

Abstract Dysphagia is commonly defined as difficulty swallowing. Although the disorder can have several causes, the patient's medication is often overlooked as a source of the problem. This type of dysphagia, one of the most readily corrected, is known as drug-induced dysphagia. A thorough literature search was undertaken to determine the potential for drug-induced dysphagia. Drug-induced dysphagia can be classified into one of three categories: dysphagia as a side effect, dysphagia as a complication of therapeutic action, and medication-induced esophageal injury. Examples of medications in each category are provided based on therapeutic classification. Specifically, the role of dysphagia in multiple sclerosis and the agents that have been linked with dysphagia are discussed. The most valuable method of preventing drug-induced dysphagia is obtaining a thorough and accurate medication history from each patient. Other prevention strategies and compensatory techniques are also explored.

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