scholarly journals Potential effects of severe bilateral amygdala damage on psychopathic personality features: A case report.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott O. Lilienfeld ◽  
Katheryn C. Sauvigné ◽  
Justin Reber ◽  
Ashley L. Watts ◽  
Stephan Hamann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Personality Features

scholarly journals Integrating cognitive-behavioral therapy and gratitude therapy for treating somatic symptom disorder with schizoid-avoidant personality features: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Karina Devany ◽  
Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Personality Features

This study presents a brief treatment report of a 22-year-old-female, with a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder and exacerbated by schizoid-avoidant personality features. Both conditions induced anxiety and many other difficulties in her functioning. Her negative self-views were the main issues that led to excessive negative emotionality, both internally (somatization) and externally (interpersonal relationship difficulties). The purpose of this case report is to illustrate an integrated treatment process consisting of cognitive-behavioral therapy and gratitude therapy. Gratitude therapy helps to alter the preoccupation of negative perspectives. Conclusions on the effectiveness of treatment were interpreted with an eye on the study’s methodological limitations.

Psychophysiological Reactivity Profiles of Partner-Violent Men With Borderline or Psychopathic Personality Features: The Role of Empathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 3337-3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Armenti ◽  
Julia C. Babcock
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Heart Rate Reactivity ◽  
Psychophysiological Reactivity ◽  
Violent Men ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Partner Violent Men

Borderline and psychopathic features have been linked to unique psychophysiological reactivity profiles. Studies have suggested that levels of psychophysiological reactivity for partner-violent men cannot be attributed to personality features alone. This study tested cognitive and affective empathy as moderators of relations between borderline personality, Factor 1 psychopathy, and psychophysiological reactivity using a community sample of 135 male participants and their female partners. Cognitive empathy moderated the relation between borderline personality features and heart rate reactivity. Affective empathy moderated the relation between Factor 1 psychopathy features and heart rate reactivity. However, directions of these interactions were contrary to original predictions. Understanding unique empathy deficits may be beneficial for identifying ways to minimize relationship conflict, manage arousal, and decrease violence.

scholarly journals Why are Psychopaths Difficult to Treat? Testing the Two-Component Model for the Treatment of PCL Psychopaths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tadhg E. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Treatment Programme ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Treatment Research ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Personality Features

<p>Psychopathic personality disorder as conceptualised by the family of scales referred to as the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL), is often cited as a specific responsivity characteristic that will interfere with an otherwise effective treatment programme. However, most research on the treatment of prisoners high on PCL psychopathy asks whether or not they are treatable as opposed to why they are difficult to treat. The Two-Component model (2-C; Wong & Olver, 2015) for the treatment of PCL psychopaths proposes that treatment difficulties observed for those high on PCL psychopathy are primarily caused by the interpersonal and affective personality features of psychopathy represented by PCL Factor 1 (F1). Thus the 2-C model suggests that therapists work around the emotional deficits and disruptive behaviours associated with PCL F1 to focus on changing risk-relevant behaviours that are associated with PCL Factor 2 (F2). In this thesis, we test the assumptions of the 2-C model with a group of high-risk violent men who attended an intensive violence treatment programme and were assessed with a PCL instrument. Specifically, we examined whether the personality features of PCL psychopathy led to more treatment difficulties than the behavioural features by exploring relationships between the factors/facets of the PCL and treatment completion, reconviction, change on dynamic risk, the therapeutic alliance and behaviour during treatment.  In support of the 2-C model we found that PCL:SV Part 1 and its underlying facets were significantly associated with higher rates of removal from treatment, a poorer therapeutic alliance, and lower levels of emotional and performance based behaviours during treatment. Mediation analyses also revealed that the relationships between PCL:SV Part 1 variables and removal were partly explained by lower levels of emotional and performance based behaviours. Also in support of the 2-C model, we found that PCL:SV Part 2 and its underlying facets demonstrated stronger, significant associations with pre-treatment dynamic risk and post-treatment reconvictions when compared with PCL:SV Part 1 variables. Furthermore, poorer performance based behaviours during treatment mediated relationships between PCL:SV Part 2 variables and reconviction outcomes. Several of our findings however, also failed to support or contradicted assumptions of the 2-C model. All these findings are discussed in relation to their implications for the 2-C model, psychopathy treatment research, specific responsivity, the structure of PCL psychopathy, and the utility of the PCL in forensic and legal settings.</p>

Psychopathic personality features and risks for criminal justice system involvement among emancipating foster youth

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Christine Litschge ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver ◽  
Curtis J. McMillen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Foster Youth ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
Personality Features

scholarly journals Structural coherence and temporal stability of psychopathic personality features during emerging adulthood.

2014 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Hawes ◽  
Edward P. Mulvey ◽  
Carol A. Schubert ◽  
Dustin A. Pardini
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Structural Coherence ◽  
Personality Features

The birth of Athena – Psychodynamic formulation and case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S562-S562
Author(s):  
M. Skokou ◽  
K. Assimakopoulos ◽  
P. Gourzis
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Intrapsychic Conflict ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionAthena possesses a special place among the Greek Gods, as she was born from her father, according to an extreme patriarchal model with a marked depreciation of the maternal role. Zeus had swallowed and absorbed the mother of Athena, Mites, because of an oracle that if Mites gave birth to a boy, the boy would take his throne. When the time comes, Zeus commands Hephaestus to cleave his forehead with an axe, and then Athena leaps fully armed and shouting her cry of war, in front of the astonished Gods. The next moment she puts her weapons down, as a token of obedience and devotion. The exceptionally close bond between father and daughter is evident through their uniquely confidential relationship. The ancient myth is paralleled, from a psychodynamic aspect, with the case of a narcissistic patient receiving psychodynamic psychotherapy.MethodsCase report.ResultsA case of a woman with narcissistic personality features and depressive symptoms is described, presenting with the complaints of withdrawal, self-depreciation, passivity, and agoraphobia. Psychodynamic factors defining her pathology are her narcissistic and sexualized relationship with her father, whereas the relationship with her mother has been depreciated. The patient experiences an intrapsychic conflict of reciprocal idealization, against her anger and fear for her father, resulting in the symptoms of agoraphobia and passivity.ConclusionLike Athena, who puts her weapons down, the patient resigns from her will for autonomy and moves to a passive position, as a result of her entrapment in her idealized relationship with the father.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Childhood Trauma and Psychopathic Features Among Juvenile Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 4359-4380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne S. J. Farina ◽  
Katherine J. Holzer ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Personality Features

Despite growing interest in psychopathic personality features in juvenile offenders, few studies have examined the relationship between childhood trauma and psychopathy. The present study utilized two datasets: 253 adolescents in a residential facility for juvenile offenders in Pennsylvania and 723 institutionalized delinquents in Missouri. Zero-order correlations and linear regression techniques were employed for boys and girls to examine the relationships between trauma, assessed using the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 (MAYSI-2) Traumatic Experiences Scale and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and psychopathy as measured by the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) and the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Short Form (PPI-SF). Results indicate that psychopathy is significantly correlated with childhood trauma. For the Missouri data, trauma significantly predicted psychopathy scores for both boys and girls. These results suggest that nuanced understanding of traumatic history of these adolescents may not only be a pathway to psychopathy but also a critical part of their overall assessment and treatment plan.

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