The occurrence of earlier changes in family dynamics and friendship conflict predicting adolescent functional somatic symptoms: A large-scale prospective study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1006-1015
Author(s):  
Emma M. Marshall ◽  
Manfred H. M. van Dulmen ◽  
Logan A. Stigall
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Somatic Symptoms

Wireless parathyroid detection device using autofluorescence and smart glasses: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chang Hwan Ryu ◽  
Jungirl Seok ◽  
Yu Lim Choi ◽  
Seok-ki Kim ◽  
Yuh-Seog Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Autofluorescence Imaging ◽  
Agreement Rate ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Practical Effect ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Positive Agreement

BACKGROUND: Autofluorescence imaging technology has been utilized for preserving or identifying parathyroid glands (PTGs) during thyroid surgery. We developed a wireless PTGs detection device linked with smart glasses that allows for real-time video recording and screen switching according to the light source. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to confirm the feasibility of the device and whether it would help preserve the PTG during the surgery. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in 30 patients with 66 PTGs. The device’s agreement with the physician’s judgment was evaluated, and we determined how many PTGs were preserved from thyroidectomy. RESULTS: The positive agreement rate for PTGs detection between the surgeon and device was 70.9%. Inadvertent parathyroidectomy was identified in surgical specimens of 6 patients (20%). No PTG was removed when it was confirmed by the device (0/39). Of the 27 glands not detected by the device, there was inadvertent removal of 6 PTGs. CONCLUSIONS: PTGs can be preserved successfully when the detection of them by the device is consistent with the surgeon’s discretion. A large-scale controlled study is necessary to demonstrate the practical effect of this device on hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.

scholarly journals Large Scale, Multicenter, Prospective Study of Apatinib in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Real-World Study from China [Corrigendum]

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 8409-8410
Author(s):  
Wanren Peng ◽  
Fenglin Zhang ◽  
Zishu Wang ◽  
Dongliang Li ◽  
Yifu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Study

scholarly journals Prospective study of polygenic risk, protective factors, and incident depression following combat deployment in US Army soldiers

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karmel W. Choi ◽  
Chia-Yen Chen ◽  
Robert J. Ursano ◽  
Xiaoying Sun ◽  
Sonia Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Combat Deployment ◽  
Army Soldiers ◽  
Trait Resilience ◽  
Unit Cohesion

AbstractBackgroundWhereas genetic susceptibility increases the risk for major depressive disorder (MDD), non-genetic protective factors may mitigate this risk. In a large-scale prospective study of US Army soldiers, we examined whether trait resilience and/or unit cohesion could protect against the onset of MDD following combat deployment, even in soldiers at high polygenic risk.MethodsData were analyzed from 3079 soldiers of European ancestry assessed before and after their deployment to Afghanistan. Incident MDD was defined as no MDD episode at pre-deployment, followed by a MDD episode following deployment. Polygenic risk scores were constructed from a large-scale genome-wide association study of major depression. We first examined the main effects of the MDD PRS and each protective factor on incident MDD. We then tested the effects of each protective factor on incident MDD across strata of polygenic risk.ResultsPolygenic risk showed a dose–response relationship to depression, such that soldiers at high polygenic risk had greatest odds for incident MDD. Both unit cohesion and trait resilience were prospectively associated with reduced risk for incident MDD. Notably, the protective effect of unit cohesion persisted even in soldiers at highest polygenic risk.ConclusionsPolygenic risk was associated with new-onset MDD in deployed soldiers. However, unit cohesion – an index of perceived support and morale – was protective against incident MDD even among those at highest genetic risk, and may represent a potent target for promoting resilience in vulnerable soldiers. Findings illustrate the value of combining genomic and environmental data in a prospective design to identify robust protective factors for mental health.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intake and total and cause-specific mortality: the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Katagiri ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
Motoki Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

ABSTRACT Background An inverse association has been shown between dietary fiber intake and several noncommunicable diseases. However, evidence of this effect remains unclear in the Asian population. Objective We examined the association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as the association between fiber intake from dietary sources and all-cause mortality. Methods We conducted a large-scale population-based cohort study (Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study). A validated questionnaire with 138 food items was completed by 92,924 participants (42,754 men and 50,170 women) aged 45–74 y. Dietary fiber intake was calculated and divided into quintiles. HR and 95% CI of total and cause-specific mortality were reported. Results During the mean follow-up of 16.8 y, 19,400 deaths were identified. In multivariable adjusted models, total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intakes were inversely associated with all-cause mortality. The HRs of total mortality in the highest quintile of total fiber intake compared with the lowest quintile were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.82; Ptrend <0.0001) in men and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.89; Ptrend <0.0001) in women. Increased quintiles of dietary fiber intake were significantly associated with decreased mortality due to total cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and injury in both men and women, whereas dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men but not women. Fiber from fruits, beans, and vegetables, but not from cereals, was inversely associated with total mortality. Conclusion In this large-scale prospective study with a long follow-up period, dietary fiber was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Since intakes of dietary fiber, mainly from fruits, vegetables, and beans were associated with lower all-cause mortality, these food sources may be good options for people aiming to consume more fiber.

scholarly journals 0514 Efficacy of a Forehead-Cooling Device for Treating Insomnia in Veterans

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A197-A197
Author(s):  
E Nofzinger
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cooling Device ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction In 2 independent studies, we explored whether a forehead-cooling device was effective in improving insomnia in veterans. Methods Both studies were uncontrolled and exploratory in nature. The first study involved 20 veterans who expressed interest in using the forehead-cooling device and received 4 weeks treatment. The second study involved 19 veterans who were recruited via media to participate in a 4-week study and were compensated for their participation. All participants completed questionnaires before and after treatment. Results In the retrospective analysis, veterans had improvements over baseline in insomnia severity index (M ± SD =17.6 ± 4.7 pre- vs 6.9 ± 3.5 post-treatment, t(19) = -9.4, p<0.00001), in sleep latency (M ± SD = 61.7 ± 49.1 minutes pre- vs 25.0 ± 20.8 minutes post-treatment, t(19) = -4.6, p<0.001) and in minutes awake after sleep onset (M ± SD =78.7 ± 57.8 minutes pre- vs 29.9 ± 18.3 minutes post-treatment, t(19) = -4.0, p<0.001). In the prospective study, veterans had improvements in insomnia severity index over baseline (M ± SD = 20.7 +3.8 pre- vs 9.5 ± 7.5 post-treatment, t(18) = 5.8, p<0.00001), depression severity on the PHQ-9 (M ± SD = 21.5 ±6.1 pre- vs 14.2 ± 5.1 post-treatment, t(18) =4.1, p<0.001) and anxiety severity on the GAD 7 (M ± SD = 9.8 ±7.1 pre- vs. 6.2 ± 5.4 post-treatment, t(18) = -3.1, p<0.01). Conclusion Use of a forehead-cooling device improved insomnia in veterans. These findings were replicated in an independent prospective trial. Reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms from baseline were also noted in the prospective study. These promising preliminary data suggest the need for further large scale randomized controlled trials to establish the efficacy of forehead-cooling on insomnia in veterans. Support Ebb Pharmaceuticals, Pittsburgh, PA 15222

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