The retinal size of a familiar object as a determiner of apparent distance.

1957 ◽  
Vol 71 (13) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Gogel ◽  
Bryce O. Hartman ◽  
George S. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Retinal Size

The retinal size of a familiar object as a determiner of apparent distance.

1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Gogel ◽  
Bryce O. Hartman ◽  
George S. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Retinal Size

Apparent distance displacement of a sound in space

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Butler ◽  
Ralph F. Naunton
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance

Apparent distance as a function of familiar size.

1969 ◽  
Vol 79 (1, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Familiar Size

scholarly journals The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) reflects the activation of cortical object representations: evidence from semantic stimulus repetition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise L. Radtke ◽  
Ulla Martens ◽  
Thomas Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Object Representation ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Object Representations ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Visual Evoked

AbstractWe applied high-density EEG to examine steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) during a perceptual/semantic stimulus repetition design. SSVEPs are evoked oscillatory cortical responses at the same frequency as visual stimuli flickered at this frequency. In repetition designs, stimuli are presented twice with the repetition being task irrelevant. The cortical processing of the second stimulus is commonly characterized by decreased neuronal activity (repetition suppression). The behavioral consequences of stimulus repetition were examined in a companion reaction time pre-study using the same experimental design as the EEG study. During the first presentation of a stimulus, we confronted participants with drawings of familiar object images or object words, respectively. The second stimulus was either a repetition of the same object image (perceptual repetition; PR) or an image depicting the word presented during the first presentation (semantic repetition; SR)—all flickered at 15 Hz to elicit SSVEPs. The behavioral study revealed priming effects in both experimental conditions (PR and SR). In the EEG, PR was associated with repetition suppression of SSVEP amplitudes at left occipital and repetition enhancement at left temporal electrodes. In contrast, SR was associated with SSVEP suppression at left occipital and central electrodes originating in bilateral postcentral and occipital gyri, right middle frontal and right temporal gyrus. The conclusion of the presented study is twofold. First, SSVEP amplitudes do not only index perceptual aspects of incoming sensory information but also semantic aspects of cortical object representation. Second, our electrophysiological findings can be interpreted as neuronal underpinnings of perceptual and semantic priming.

(VS-107)POSITION CONSTANCY, ACCOMMODATION, AND APPARENT DISTANCE

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (SUPPLEMENT) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Kay Fisher ◽  
Glen McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Position Constancy

Acute effects of ethanol on behavioral responses of male and female zebrafish in the open field test with the influence of a non-familiar object

2021 ◽  
pp. 104474
Author(s):  
Thiele P. Souza ◽  
Francini Franscescon ◽  
Flavia V. Stefanello ◽  
Talise E. Müller ◽  
Laura W. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Zebrafish

scholarly journals How much do visual cues help listeners in perceiving accented speech?

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-109
Author(s):  
YI ZHENG ◽  
ARTHUR G. SAMUEL
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Nonnative Speakers ◽  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Accented Speech ◽  
Compressed Speech ◽  
Degraded Speech

AbstractIt has been documented that lipreading facilitates the understanding of difficult speech, such as noisy speech and time-compressed speech. However, relatively little work has addressed the role of visual information in perceiving accented speech, another type of difficult speech. In this study, we specifically focus on accented word recognition. One hundred forty-two native English speakers made lexical decision judgments on English words or nonwords produced by speakers with Mandarin Chinese accents. The stimuli were presented as either as videos that were of a relatively far speaker or as videos in which we zoomed in on the speaker’s head. Consistent with studies of degraded speech, listeners were more accurate at recognizing accented words when they saw lip movements from the closer apparent distance. The effect of apparent distance tended to be larger under nonoptimal conditions: when stimuli were nonwords than words, and when stimuli were produced by a speaker who had a relatively strong accent. However, we did not find any influence of listeners’ prior experience with Chinese accented speech, suggesting that cross-talker generalization is limited. The current study provides practical suggestions for effective communication between native and nonnative speakers: visual information is useful, and it is more useful in some circumstances than others.

The Effect of Familiar Size at Familiar Distances

Perception ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Fitzpatrick ◽  
Robert Pasnak ◽  
Zita E Tyer
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Image ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Familiar Object ◽  
Size Perception ◽  
Familiar Size ◽  
True Distance ◽  
Distance Judgments ◽  
Familiar Objects

The effect of familiar size as a distance cue was tested with familiar objects at familiar distances. Experiment 1 showed that there were no uncontrolled distance cues available and that in their absence the retinal image did not affect depth or size perception. Under these conditions, size and distance judgments were essentially indeterminate and independent of each other. In experiment 2 a paradigm was employed which allowed a direct determination of whether equivalent changes either in size of a familiar object or in its true distance produced equivalent changes in its perceived distance. The results showed that there were no uncontrolled distance cues, and that subjects perceived the familiar object as having its familiar size. Moreover, changing the retinal image of the objects had almost exactly the same effect on their perceived distance as did changing their true distance. Hence, familiar size does effectively govern the perception of distance when there are no competing cues.

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