Role of activation and sensory stimuli in recovery from lateral hypothalamic damage in the cat.

1978 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wolgin ◽  
Philip Teitelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Lateral Hypothalamic ◽  
Hypothalamic Damage

Sensory Neglect Produced by Lateral Hypothalamic Damage

Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 174 (4008) ◽  
pp. 523-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Marshall ◽  
B. H. Turner ◽  
P. Teitelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Hypothalamic ◽  
Sensory Neglect ◽  
Hypothalamic Damage

scholarly journals The Role of Sensorial Integration in Motor Development in Children with Down Syndrome

GYMNASIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol XIX (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Mihaela Anghel
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Combination Strategies ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Syndrome Child

One of the reasons behind the choice of the topic is that this problem of sensory-motor development in children with physical and mental deficiencies, especially in children with Down syndrome, is not sufficiently known and studied, sensory-motor development representing an important factor in their physical and social development. The reason I chose this theme and the theoretical basis from which I started was to improve the psychomotor behaviors through sensory stimulation. The assumptions we went into the research were: 1. If we use different sensory combination strategies, the Down Syndrome will be able to compensate for the psycho-motor disorders; 2. If we apply sensory stimuli to the Down Syndrome child, then there will be ameliorations of the underlying motor conduction. The research presents a case study of a 6 year and six mouth old child diagnosed with Down syndrome. The location of the study was carried out at the "Delfinul" day center of the Betania Association.

scholarly journals Neuronal pattern separation of motion-relevant input in LIP activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 738-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nareg Berberian ◽  
Amanda MacPherson ◽  
Eloïse Giraud ◽  
Lydia Richardson ◽  
J.-P. Thivierge
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Sensory Discrimination

In various regions of the brain, neurons discriminate sensory stimuli by decreasing the similarity between ambiguous input patterns. Here, we examine whether this process of pattern separation may drive the rapid discrimination of visual motion stimuli in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP). Starting with a simple mean-rate population model that captures neuronal activity in LIP, we show that overlapping input patterns can be reformatted dynamically to give rise to separated patterns of neuronal activity. The population model predicts that a key ingredient of pattern separation is the presence of heterogeneity in the response of individual units. Furthermore, the model proposes that pattern separation relies on heterogeneity in the temporal dynamics of neural activity and not merely in the mean firing rates of individual neurons over time. We confirm these predictions in recordings of macaque LIP neurons and show that the accuracy of pattern separation is a strong predictor of behavioral performance. Overall, results propose that LIP relies on neuronal pattern separation to facilitate decision-relevant discrimination of sensory stimuli. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A new hypothesis is proposed on the role of the lateral intraparietal (LIP) region of cortex during rapid decision making. This hypothesis suggests that LIP alters the representation of ambiguous inputs to reduce their overlap, thus improving sensory discrimination. A combination of computational modeling, theoretical analysis, and electrophysiological data shows that the pattern separation hypothesis links neural activity to behavior and offers novel predictions on the role of LIP during sensory discrimination.

The roles of vision and vibrissae in the predatory behaviour of Northern Quolls Dasyurus hallucatus (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae).

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
S.M. Pellis ◽  
J.E. erlely R and Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
Tactile Contact

The predatory behavior of captive quolls (n= 13) on mice was videotaped and analysed . The role of vision was studied by comparing the behaviours of fully blind, and one-eyed quolls to fully sighted ones. The role of tactile inputs via the vibrissae was studied by vibrissae amputation in both fully blind and fully sighted quolls. The data indicated that vision plays a role in both locating and attacking prey, although in its absence, other sensory stimuli can be substituted. Vibrissae were found to play a role in orienting the attack, although in their absence, either visual or more direct tactile contact (eg, nose or forepaws) could be substituted for this function. Once the mice were bitten, neither vision nor vibrissae appeared to be involved in orienting the prey for delivery of the killing bite.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular, Perceptual, and Temporal Determinants of Movement Patterns in Wheelchair Fencing: Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Borysiuk ◽  
Tadeusz Nowicki ◽  
Katarzyna Piechota ◽  
Monika Błaszczyszyn
Keyword(s):  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Intergroup Difference ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Accelerometer Signal ◽  
Postural Muscle ◽  
Preliminary Study

The objective of the present study was to determine the structure of the movement pattern performed during a wheelchair fencing lunge that is executed in response to visual and sensory stimuli. In addition, a comparison was made between fencers in the categories A and B of disability. In addition, the analysis involved the correlation between the duration of the sensorimotor response and the value of the bioelectric signal recorded in selected muscles. Seven Paralympic team athletes specializing in wheelchair fencing (3 in category A and 4 in category B) participated in the research. The fencers perform at international level competitions and are multiple medalists of the Paralympic Games. In the study, a wireless system for sEMG and accelerometer signal measurement was employed to test the intervals between the initiation of the lunge attack and its termination defined by the touch of the weapon on the coach’s torso. The electrodes were placed on 9 key muscles responsible for the effectiveness of the executed attack: DEL, TRI, BC, ECR FCR, LD, and EAO. The significant intergroup difference in the muscle activation was found to be 0.333 s for category A fencers and 0.522 s for category A fencers at p=0.039 applies to the latissimus dorsi (LD LT) muscle, which demonstrates its significance as a postural muscle in the structure of the examined movement pattern. In terms of the values of EMG, a tendency for higher MVC (%) values in most muscles for category A competitors was recorded. The latissimus dorsi (DL RT) muscle with an intergroup difference of MVC-114.63 for cat. A and 67.50 for cat. B at p=0.039 turned out to play a significant role. The results prove the role of postural muscles: external abdominal oblique and latissimus dorsi on the effectiveness of the attacks executed in wheelchair fencing.

scholarly journals Taste the Pain: The Role of TRP Channels in Pain and Taste Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Aroke ◽  
Keesha Powell-Roach ◽  
Rosario Jaime-Lara ◽  
Markos Tesfaye ◽  
Abhrarup Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Trp Genes

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of cation transmembrane proteins that are expressed in many tissues and respond to many sensory stimuli. TRP channels play a role in sensory signaling for taste, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and nociception. Activation of TRP channels (e.g., TRPM5) in taste receptors by food/chemicals (e.g., capsaicin) is essential in the acquisition of nutrients, which fuel metabolism, growth, and development. Pain signals from these nociceptors are essential for harm avoidance. Dysfunctional TRP channels have been associated with neuropathic pain, inflammation, and reduced ability to detect taste stimuli. Humans have long recognized the relationship between taste and pain. However, the mechanisms and relationship among these taste–pain sensorial experiences are not fully understood. This article provides a narrative review of literature examining the role of TRP channels on taste and pain perception. Genomic variability in the TRPV1 gene has been associated with alterations in various pain conditions. Moreover, polymorphisms of the TRPV1 gene have been associated with alterations in salty taste sensitivity and salt preference. Studies of genetic variations in TRP genes or modulation of TRP pathways may increase our understanding of the shared biological mediators of pain and taste, leading to therapeutic interventions to treat many diseases.

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