An experimental study of the rating scale technique.

1925 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Marsh ◽  
F. A. C. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Rating Scale

scholarly journals Mindreading and metacognition patterns in patients with borderline personality disorder: experimental study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Cyrkot ◽  
Remigiusz Szczepanowski ◽  
Kamila Jankowiak-Siuda ◽  
Łukasz Gawęda ◽  
Ewelina Cichoń
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Metacognitive Judgments ◽  
Higher Cognition ◽  
The Mind

AbstractCurrent psychopathology attempts to understand personality disorders in relation to deficits in higher cognition such as mindreading and metacognition. Deficits in mindreading are usually related to limitations in or a complete lack of the capacity to understand and attribute mental states to others, while impairments in metacognition concern dysfunctional control and monitoring of one’s own processes. The present study investigated dysfunctional higher cognition in the population of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) by analyzing the accuracy of metacognitive judgments in a mindreading task [reading the mind in the eyes Test (RMET)] and a subsequent metacognitive task based on self-report scales: a confidence rating scale (CR) versus a post-decision wagering scale (PDW). It turned out that people from the BPD group scored lower in the RMET. However, both groups had the same levels of confidence on the PDW scale when giving incorrect answers in the RMET test. As initially hypothesized, individuals with BPD overestimated their confidence in incorrect answers, regardless of the type of metacognitive scales used. The present findings indicate that BPD individuals show dysfunctional patterns between instances of mindreading and metacognition.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of chiropractic modality on chronic low back pain patients, A quasi-experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behdokht Aleali ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Sharifi ◽  
Malihe Sousani ◽  
Alireza Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

Abstract BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent diseases in the developed and developing countries, which imposes high socioeconomic burden on both the individual and the community. There are limited studies that explain the clinically meaningful impact of chiropractic modality in chronic LBP.MethodThis is a quasi-experimental study. Participants were patients who had referred to Shiraz private chiropractic clinics with more than three month chronic LBP and had no pathologic abnormalities. Data were collected in two stages, baseline visit and 8 weeks after treatment. The effect of intervention measured throughout three questionnaire including Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and self-assessment Global Rating of Change (GRC) questionnaires.Result141 patients analyzed, the mean age of participants was 40.18 ± 10.42 years of old and 40 (28.4%) were male. The mean duration of LBP was 56.73 ± 45.11 months. Before and after intervention, based on RMDQ and NRS data, indicated that the mean difference ± Standard Deviation was 5.54 ± 4.95 and 2.44 ± 1.64 the statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) and (P < 0.001) among all demographic and clinical characteristic variables, except job status. The mean ± SD of GRC was 56.13 ± 33.03%. Based on the RMDQ cut-off point, 88 participants (62%; 95% CI: 50–70) have been affected by chiropractic with a clinically meaningful effect. In addition, the chiropractic may be an effective therapeutic modality in treating patients with mild, moderate, or even severe MRI findings.ConclusionComplementary chiropractic treatment amongst chronic LBP patients may be an appropriate adjuvant to conventional treatments to improve disability and pain intensity reduction in both genders.

Efficacy of intra-articular autologous platelet rich plasma injection in primary knee osteoarthritis; a quasi-experimental study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Uzma Akhlaque ◽  
Saeed Bin Ayaz ◽  
Noreen Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives: To observe the efficacy of platelet rich plasma on pain improvement in knee osteoarthritis patients, and to explore the impact of various facotrs on pain reduction with such a treatment. Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2017 to April 2018, and comprised patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. The sample was sub-grouped into “normal”, “overweight” and “obese” on the basis of body mass index. Two age-based sub-groups  were also formed at ?60 years and >60 years. Three injections of calcium gluconate activated 2.5ml platelet rich plasma were given in the knees at an interval of two weeks each. The pain score was calculated using the numerical rating scale at the 6th week. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 50 patients, 26(52%) were females and 24(48%) were males. The overall mean age was 59.6±9.6 years (range: 42-75 years), with 22(44%) aged ? 60 years. There were 21(42%) patients who were overweight, 7(14%) had normal weight and 22(44%) were obese. There was significant pain reduction post-treatment compared to the baseline (p<0.001). The reduction in pain was not significantly related to gender, age, knee osteoarthritis grade, or body mass index (p>0.05). Conclusions: Platelet rich plasma significantly improved pain in knee osteoarthritis patients regradless of all age, gender, grade and body mass index. Key Words: Intra-articular injections, Primary knee osteoarthritis, Platelet rich plasma, Efficacy. Continuous...

Experimental study on the restoration from a tilt-azimuth series for improvement in resolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
Norio Baba ◽  
Norihiko Ichise ◽  
Syunya Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Beam Tilting ◽  
Illumination Method ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Illumination Mode

The tilted beam illumination method is used to improve the resolution comparing with the axial illumination mode. Using this advantage, a restoration method of several tilted beam images covering the full azimuthal range was proposed by Saxton, and experimentally examined. To make this technique more reliable it seems that some practical problems still remain. In this report the restoration was attempted and the problems were considered. In our study, four problems were pointed out for the experiment of the restoration. (1) Accurate beam tilt adjustment to fit the incident beam to the coma-free axis for the symmetrical beam tilting over the full azimuthal range. (2) Accurate measurements of the optical parameters which are necessary to design the restoration filter. Even if the spherical aberration coefficient Cs is known with accuracy and the axial astigmatism is sufficiently compensated, at least the defocus value must be measured. (3) Accurate alignment of the tilt-azimuth series images.

Effect of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Dysphagia After Lateral Medullary Infarction: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387
Author(s):  
Ying Yuan ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Dongyu Wu ◽  
Dahua Zhang ◽  
Weiqun Song
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Nasogastric Feeding ◽  
Lateral Medullary Infarction ◽  
Severe Dysphagia ◽  
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Medullary Infarction

Purpose Severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal lateral medullary infarction (LMI) requires long-term tube feeding. However, no study is currently available on therapeutic effectiveness in severe dysphagia caused by nuclear damage of vagus nerve after dorsal LMI. The purpose of the present investigation was to explore the potential of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) to improve severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal LMI. Method We assessed the efficacy of 6-week tVNS in a 28-year-old woman presented with persisting severe dysphagia after dorsal LMI who had been on nasogastric feeding for 6 months. tVNS was applied for 20 min twice a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. The outcome measures included saliva spitted, Swallow Function Scoring System, Functional Oral Intake Scale, Clinical Assessment of Dysphagia With Wallenberg Syndrome, Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale, and upper esophagus X-ray examination. Results After tVNS, the patient was advanced to a full oral diet without head rotation or spitting. No saliva residue was found in the valleculae and pyriform sinuses. Contrast medium freely passed through the upper esophageal sphincter. Conclusion Our findings suggest that tVNS might provide a useful means for recovery of severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal LMI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9755438

Preliminary Findings on the Use of Session Questionnaires to Improve Clinician-Client Alliance With Special Consideration to Clinical Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Anu Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Specific Feedback ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective

ASHA's focus on evidence-based practice (EBP) includes the family/stakeholder perspective as an important tenet in clinical decision making. The common factors model for treatment effectiveness postulates that clinician-client alliance positively impacts therapeutic outcomes and may be the most important factor for success. One strategy to improve alliance between a client and clinician is the use of outcome questionnaires. In the current study, eight parents of toddlers who attended therapy sessions at a university clinic responded to a session outcome questionnaire that included both rating scale and descriptive questions. Six graduate students completed a survey that included a question about the utility of the questionnaire. Results indicated that the descriptive questions added value and information compared to using only the rating scale. The students were varied in their responses regarding the effectiveness of the questionnaire to increase their comfort with parents. Information gathered from the questionnaire allowed for specific feedback to graduate students to change behaviors and created opportunities for general discussions regarding effective therapy techniques. In addition, the responses generated conversations between the client and clinician focused on clients' concerns. Involving the stakeholder in identifying both effective and ineffective aspects of therapy has advantages for clinical practice and education.

AAC Collaboration Using the Self-Anchored Rating Scales (SARS): An Aphasia Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Family Counseling ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract The self-anchored rating scale (SARS) is a technique that augments collaboration between Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) interventionists, their clients, and their clients' support networks. SARS is a technique used in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, a branch of systemic family counseling. It has been applied to treating speech and language disorders across the life span, and recent case studies show it has promise for promoting adoption and long-term use of high and low tech AAC. I will describe 2 key principles of solution-focused therapy and present 7 steps in the SARS process that illustrate how clinicians can use the SARS to involve a person with aphasia and his or her family in all aspects of the therapeutic process. I will use a case study to illustrate the SARS process and present outcomes for one individual living with aphasia.

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