Auditory induction of an abnormal pattern of behavior in rats.

1939 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Morgan ◽  
J. D. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Auditory Induction

scholarly journals Decision making under ambiguity and risk in adolescent-onset schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Li ◽  
Fengyan Zhang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective Numerous studies have identified impaired decision making (DM) under both ambiguity and risk in adult patients with schizophrenia. However, the assessment of DM in patients with adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) has been challenging as a result of the instability and heterogeneity of manifestations. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and Game of Dice Task (GDT), which are frequently used to evaluate DM respectively under ambiguity and risk, are sensitive to adolescents and neuropsychiatric patients. Our research intended to examine the performance of DM in a relatively large sample of patients with AOS using the above-mentioned two tasks. We also aimed to take a closer look at the relationship between DM and symptom severity of schizophrenia. Methods We compared the performance of DM in 71 patients with AOS and 53 well-matched healthy controls using IGT for DM under ambiguity and GDT for DM under risk through net scores, total scores and feedback ration. Neuropsychological tests were conducted in all participants. Clinical symptoms were evaluated by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in 71 patients with AOS. Pearson’s correlation revealed the relationship among total score of DM and clinical and neuropsychological data. Results Compared to healthy controls, patients with AOS failed to show learning effect and had a significant difference on the 5th block in IGT and conducted more disadvantageous choices as well as exhibited worse negative feedback rate in GDT. Apart from DM impairment under risk, diminished DM abilities under ambiguity were found related to poor executive function in AOS in the present study. Conclusions Our findings unveiled the abnormal pattern of DM in AOS, mainly reflected under the risky condition, extending the knowledge on the performance of DM under ambiguity and risk in AOS. Inefficient DM under risk may account for the lagging impulse control and the combined effects of developmental disease. In addition, our study demonstrated that the performance on IGT was related to executive function in AOS.

scholarly journals Mining Knowledge of Respiratory Rate Quantification and Abnormal Pattern Prediction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Szczuko ◽  
Adam Kurowski ◽  
Piotr Odya ◽  
Andrzej Czyżewski ◽  
Bożena Kostek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Analysis ◽  
Granular Computing ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Normal Breathing ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Male Sex

AbstractThe described application of granular computing is motivated because cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major killer globally. There is increasing evidence that abnormal respiratory patterns might contribute to the development and progression of CVD. Consequently, a method that would support a physician in respiratory pattern evaluation should be developed. Group decision-making, tri-way reasoning, and rough set–based analysis were applied to granular computing. Signal attributes and anthropomorphic parameters were explored to develop prediction models to determine the percentage contribution of periodic-like, intermediate, and normal breathing patterns in the analyzed signals. The proposed methodology was validated employing k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and UMAP (uniform manifold approximation and projection). The presented approach applied to respiratory pattern evaluation shows that median accuracies in a considerable number of cases exceeded 0.75. Overall, parameters related to signal analysis are indicated as more important than anthropomorphic features. It was also found that obesity characterized by a high WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) and male sex were predisposing factors for the occurrence of periodic-like or intermediate patterns of respiration. It may be among the essential findings derived from this study. Based on classification measures, it may be observed that a physician may use such a methodology as a respiratory pattern evaluation-aided method.

Can We Measure Growth?

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda D Voss
Keyword(s):  
Height Velocity ◽  
Tall Stature ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Short Children ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
And Training ◽  
Term Monitoring ◽  
Sufficient Precision ◽  
Fair Degree

Poor installation and maintenance of height measuring equipment is a serious problem in the community. With care, however, height can be measured with sufficient precision (± 0.5 cm) to identify unusually short or tall stature. Height velocity, on the other hand, is liable to misinterpretation. It cannot be estimated with sufficient precision to identify abnormal growth in the short term. There is no correlation between two successive 12 month velocities. When a trend towards poor velocity is beyond all doubt then it will be apparent on the height chart alone. In addition, “poor” or “excessive” growth is conditional on the height of the child: short children do not grow at the same rate as tall. A diagnosis of abnormal growth requires long term monitoring and is best seen as a series of height measurements crossing the centiles on the height chart. Given the correct equipment and training, height or length can be measured with a fair degree of precision in the youngest of children. The earlier measurements begin, the sooner an abnormal pattern of growth will become evident. The regular monitoring of height should be standard practice and available to each and every child.

Heat Distribution over Joints:- The Normal and Abnormal Pattern

1984 ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Salisbury ◽  
G. R. Parr ◽  
B. L. Hazleman ◽  
D. P. Page Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Heat Distribution ◽  
Abnormal Pattern

scholarly journals Characteristics of preceding Ia activity on postactivation depression in health and disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 3751-3758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behdad Tahayori ◽  
Bahman Tahayori ◽  
David Koceja
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Fisher Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Fisher Discriminant ◽  
Exponential Decrease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
Postactivation Depression

Previous activation of the soleus Ia afferents causes a depression in the amplitude of the H-reflex. This mechanism is referred to as postactivation depression (PAD) and is suggested to be presynaptically mediated. With the use of a paired reflex depression paradigm (eliciting two H-reflexes with conditioning-test intervals from 80 ms to 300 ms), PAD was examined in a group of healthy individuals and a group of hemiplegic patients. Healthy individuals showed substantial depression of the test H-reflex at all intervals. Although the patient group showed substantially less depression at all intervals, increasing the interval between the two reflexes sharply reduced the depression. In a separate experiment, we varied the size of the conditioning H-reflex against a constant test H-reflex. In healthy individuals, by increasing the size of the conditioning H-reflex, the amplitude of the test H-reflex exponentially decreased. In the patient group, however, this pattern was dependent on the conditioning-test interval; increasing the size of the conditioning H-reflex caused an exponential decrease in the size of the test reflex at intervals shorter than 150 ms. This pattern was similar to that of healthy individuals. However, conducting the same protocol at a longer interval (300 ms) in these patients resulted in an abnormal pattern (instead of an exponential decrease in the size of the test reflex, exaggerated responses were observed). Fisher discriminant analysis suggested that these two patterns (which differed only in the timing between the two stimuli) were substantially different from each other. Therefore, it is suggested that the abnormal pattern of PAD in hemiplegic stroke patients could be a contributing factor for the pathophysiology of spasticity.

Human Tibial Cartilage Reveals Non-Linear and Non-Uniform Regional Topography Under Physiological Loading Rates

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Deneweth ◽  
Kelly E. Newman ◽  
Stephen M. Sylvia ◽  
Scott G. McLean ◽  
Ellen M. Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Tibial Cartilage ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Physiological Loading ◽  
Regional Topography ◽  
Abnormal Pattern

Nearly 3% of individuals worldwide experience pain, immobility, and compromised quality of life due to knee osteoarthritis (OA)1. It has been widely accepted that joint mechanics play a critical role in the initiation and progression of knee OA2. A shift away from the normal joint motion, for example due to injury or malalignment, is believed to produce an abnormal pattern of cartilage loading that creates unusual and damaging stresses within the tissue. Accurate knowledge of cartilage’s normal mechanical response to physiological loading—and particularly the regional dependence of this response—is critical to successfully testing this theory. To our knowledge, little is known about the regionally-dependent mechanical response of healthy human tibial cartilage under physiological loading conditions. There is also a compelling need for more accurate cartilage data to be integrated into computational simulations of the knee joint. Hence, the purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) to characterize the typical stress-strain response of tibial cartilage at 21 locations across the tibial plateau when subjected to loading representative of human walking, and 2) to demonstrate that these 21 sites can be reduced to a small number of regions displaying significantly different average moduli.

scholarly journals LOWER URINARY TRACT DYSFUNCTION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: FAMILY IMPACT

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Moreira Cavalcante Castro ◽  
Maíssa Andrade ◽  
Vanessa Xavier ◽  
Juliana Bonfim ◽  
Lilian Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ◽  
Family Impact ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Urinary

The dysfunction of the lower urinary tract (DTUI) is an abnormal pattern of the urinary control with loss of coordinated capacity storage, stocking and elimination of urine. In order to assess the impact of lower urinary tract dysfunction in their child’s caregivers, this series was performed to evaluate 30 cases of caregivers of children with voiding disorders. Applied HAD scales and SF-36. Of these, 60% (n = 18) had anxiety symptoms and 43.3% (n = 13) depressive symptoms. Despite the scale items of quality of life was above average, the items pain, general health, vitality, emotional limitations and mental health measures were below the average. Thus, the effect of voiding dysfunction in parents of children affects the mood and quality of life in their daily lives.

scholarly journals Aquatic Toxic Analysis by Monitoring Fish Behavior Using Computer Vision: A Recent Progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlei Xia ◽  
Longwen Fu ◽  
Zuoyi Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Lingxin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Video Tracking ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Biological Early Warning System ◽  
Abnormal Pattern ◽  
2D And 3D

Video tracking based biological early warning system achieved a great progress with advanced computer vision and machine learning methods. Ability of video tracking of multiple biological organisms has been largely improved in recent years. Video based behavioral monitoring has become a common tool for acquiring quantified behavioral data for aquatic risk assessment. Investigation of behavioral responses under chemical and environmental stress has been boosted by rapidly developed machine learning and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental of video tracking and present the pioneer works in precise tracking of a group of individuals in 2D and 3D space. Technical and practical issues suffered in video tracking are explained. Subsequently, the toxic analysis based on fish behavioral data is summarized. Frequently used computational methods and machine learning are explained with their applications in aquatic toxicity detection and abnormal pattern analysis. Finally, advantages of recent developed deep learning approach in toxic prediction are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document