Prediction of preference, transposition, and transposition-reversal from the generalization gradient.

1962 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner K. Honig
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient

Generalization to Stimuli of Different Brightness in Three Straight-Alley Studies

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garvin McCain ◽  
B. L. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Straight Alley

Three experiments involving a total of 145 rats are reported; in each case the generalization gradient was approximately flat. The results pose some of the same questions as do Jensen and Cotton (1963) and other studies.

scholarly journals Interactions of spatial strategies producing generalization gradient and blocking: A computational approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e1006092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Dollé ◽  
Ricardo Chavarriaga ◽  
Agnès Guillot ◽  
Mehdi Khamassi
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Spatial Strategies

scholarly journals More is Still not Better: Testing the Perturbation Model of Temporal Reference Memory across Different Modalities and Tasks

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth S. Ogden ◽  
Luke A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Visual Cue ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Perturbation Model ◽  
Temporal Generalization

The ability of the perturbation model (Jones & Wearden, 2003) to account for reference memory function in a visual temporal generalization task and auditory and visual reproduction tasks was examined. In all tasks the number of presentations of the standard was manipulated (1, 3, or 5), and its effect on performance was compared. In visual temporal generalization the number of presentations of the standard did not affect the number of times the standard was correctly identified, nor did it affect the overall temporal generalization gradient. In auditory reproduction there was no effect of the number of times the standard was presented on mean reproductions. In visual reproduction mean reproductions were shorter when the standard was only presented once; however, this effect was reduced when a visual cue was provided before the first presentation of the standard. Whilst the results of all experiments are best accounted for by the perturbation model there appears to be some attentional benefit to multiple presentations of the standard in visual reproduction.

The Effect of Feedback on Timing in Children and Adults: The Temporal Generalization Task

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Droit-Volet ◽  
Marie Izaute
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Feedback Condition ◽  
Memory Representation ◽  
Standard Duration ◽  
Generalization Gradients ◽  
Temporal Generalization ◽  
Random Responses

Children aged 5 and 8 years and adults were tested on a temporal generalization task with a standard duration of 600 ms in a condition with or without corrective feedback. In all conditions, the participants produced orderly temporal generalization gradients, although these were flatter in the younger children, especially in the no-feedback condition. Nevertheless, the results show that the feedback increased the steepness of the generalization gradient in all age groups and in a greater extent in the younger children. Our clock-based model suggested that feedback reduces the variability of the memory representation of the standard duration but also the probability of random responses in the 5-year-olds.

Secondary transfer effects from imagined contact: Group similarity affects the generalization gradient

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Stefania Paolini ◽  
Nick Joyce ◽  
Mark Rubin ◽  
Analisa Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Contact Group ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Imagined Contact ◽  
Group Similarity

scholarly journals Individual patterns of attentional exploration predict the extent of fear generalization in humans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Reutter ◽  
Matthias Gamer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Generalization Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Conditioning Paradigm ◽  
Attentional Deployment ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
Fear Generalization ◽  
Rate Deceleration

Generalization of fear is an important mechanism contributing to the etiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Although previous studies have identified perceptual aspects and evaluation processes as determinants of fear generalization, it is currently unclear, to what degree overt attention might mediate its magnitude. To test the prediction that attentional preferences for diagnostic stimulus aspects reduce fear generalization, we developed a set of facial stimuli that was meticulously manipulated such that pairs of faces could be distinguished by looking into predefined diagnostic areas. These pairs were then employed as CS+ and CS− in a differential fear conditioning paradigm followed by a generalization test. Results indicated a typical quadratic fear generalization gradient in shock expectancy ratings but its shape was altered depending on individual attentional deployment. Subjects who dwelled on the distinguishing stimulus regions faster and for longer periods of time exhibited less fear generalization. Although heart rate responses also showed a generalization gradient with heart rate deceleration increasing as a function of threat, these responses were not significantly related to patterns of attentional exploration. Altogether the current results indicate that the extent of fear generalization depends on individual patterns of attentional exploration. This implies that overgeneralization of fear, as observed in patients with anxiety disorders, might be treated by perceptual trainings that aim to augment discriminability between threatening and safe situations.

A tactile generalization gradient for a pseudo-conditioned response.

1940 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Grant ◽  
Daniel G. Dittmer
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Conditioned Response
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