Instrumental escape conditioning in a water tank: Effects of variations in drive stimulus intensity and reinforcement magnitude.

1964 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Woods ◽  
Elmer H. Davidson ◽  
Robert J., Jr. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Escape Conditioning ◽  
Reinforcement Magnitude

Instrumental Escape Conditioning in a Water Tank: Preliminary Report

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Escape Conditioning

Rats must learn to swim down a tank of water, and motivation (drive stimulus intensity) is manipulated by means of the water temperature. Reinforcement (reduction in drive stimulus intensity) is manipulated independently by means of the differential temperature between the alley tank and a separate goal tank. The purpose of this note is to generally describe the technique and indicate its usefulness for the study of instrumental escape conditioning.

Water Tank Apparatus for Instrumental Escape Conditioning

1964 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Escape Conditioning ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Precise Control

An alley and goal tank are connected to separate reservoirs containing constant temperature circulating units. These units allow automatic and precise control of water temperature which is used to manipulate drive and reinforcement with small laboratory animals.

The Aftereffects of Reinforcement Magnitude and Stimulus Intensity

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham C. L. Davey ◽  
Peter Harzem ◽  
C. Fergus Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Reinforcement Magnitude

Reflex Responses in Upper Limb Muscles to Cutaneous Stimuli

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Cutaneous Reflexes ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Conduction Velocities ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Biphasic Responses

ABSTRACT:Cutaneous reflexes in the upper limb were elicited by stimulating digital nerves and recorded by averaging rectified EMG from proximal and distal upper limb muscles during voluntary contraction. Distal muscles often showed a triphasic response: an inhibition with onset about 50 ms (Il) followed by a facilitation with onset about 60 ms (E2) followed by another inhibition with onset about 80 ms (12). Proximal muscles generally showed biphasic responses beginning with facilitation or inhibition with onset at about 40 ms. Normal ranges for the amplitude of these components were established from recordings on 22 arms of 11 healthy subjects. An attempt was made to determine the alterent fibers responsible for the various components by varying the stimulus intensity, by causing ischemic block of larger fibers and by estimating the afferent conduction velocities. The central pathways mediating these reflexes were examined by estimating central delays and by studying patients with focal lesions

Reduced stimulus intensity as a CS in GSR conditioning.

1967 ◽  
Vol 73 (4, Pt.1) ◽  
pp. 631-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Champion
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity
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