Effects of stimulus-response isolation on primate pattern discrimination learning.

1962 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary I. Otteson ◽  
Charles L. Sheridan ◽  
Donald R. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Stimulus Response

Pattern Discrimination Learning with Rhesus Monkeys

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra R. Blehert
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Stimulus Pattern ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Individual Learning ◽  
Group Data

Rhesus monkeys were trained to criterion on a 2-stimulus and a 5-stimulus pattern discrimination task. The probabilities of response to the various stimuli throughout learning are examined for individual Ss, and it is found that Ss exhibit consistency in the order and manner in which incorrect stimuli are eliminated. This suggests a simple mathematical description of the process, which is used to deepen the analysis of the data, permitting estimation of individual learning parameters and construction of more meaningful summaries of the group data.

Pattern Area and Discrimination Learning with Pattern Spacing, Pattern Height, Pattern-Border Contiguity, and Pattern Manipulation Controlled

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill F. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Spacing Pattern ◽  
Temporal Succession ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dark Room

The relationship between pattern area and pattern discrimination learning was explored. The possibly confounding effects of pattern spacing, height, contiguity, and manipulation were removed or controlled by: (a) presenting illuminated .25-, 1-, and 4-sq. in. patterns in a totally dark room, (b) alternating correct and incorrect patterns in a randomly determined temporal succession, (c) equating pattern height for all pattern-area conditions, (d) prohibiting pattern manipulation. Increasing pattern height from 1 to 4 sq. in. still resulted in improved learning. Results were interpreted in terms of utilization of brightness and/or size differences as cues to pattern discrimination.

scholarly journals Multi-Domain Touchscreen-Based Cognitive Assessment of C57BL/6J Female Mice Shows Whole-Body Exposure to 56Fe Particle Space Radiation in Maturity Improves Discrimination Learning Yet Impairs Stimulus-Response Rule-Based Habit Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Soler ◽  
Sanghee Yun ◽  
Ryan P. Reynolds ◽  
Cody W. Whoolery ◽  
Fionya H. Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cortical Function ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Prefrontal Cortical ◽  
Response Rule

Astronauts during interplanetary missions will be exposed to galactic cosmic radiation, including charged particles like 56Fe. Most preclinical studies with mature, “astronaut-aged” rodents suggest space radiation diminishes performance in classical hippocampal- and prefrontal cortex-dependent tasks. However, a rodent cognitive touchscreen battery unexpectedly revealed 56Fe radiation improves the performance of C57BL/6J male mice in a hippocampal-dependent task (discrimination learning) without changing performance in a striatal-dependent task (rule-based learning). As there are conflicting results on whether the female rodent brain is preferentially injured by or resistant to charged particle exposure, and as the proportion of female vs. male astronauts is increasing, further study on how charged particles influence the touchscreen cognitive performance of female mice is warranted. We hypothesized that, similar to mature male mice, mature female C57BL/6J mice exposed to fractionated whole-body 56Fe irradiation (3 × 6.7cGy 56Fe over 5 days, 600 MeV/n) would improve performance vs. Sham conditions in touchscreen tasks relevant to hippocampal and prefrontal cortical function [e.g., location discrimination reversal (LDR) and extinction, respectively]. In LDR, 56Fe female mice more accurately discriminated two discrete conditioned stimuli relative to Sham mice, suggesting improved hippocampal function. However, 56Fe and Sham female mice acquired a new simple stimulus-response behavior and extinguished this acquired behavior at similar rates, suggesting similar prefrontal cortical function. Based on prior work on multiple memory systems, we next tested whether improved hippocampal-dependent function (discrimination learning) came at the expense of striatal stimulus-response rule-based habit learning (visuomotor conditional learning). Interestingly, 56Fe female mice took more days to reach criteria in this striatal-dependent rule-based test relative to Sham mice. Together, our data support the idea of competition between memory systems, as an 56Fe-induced decrease in striatal-based learning is associated with enhanced hippocampal-based learning. These data emphasize the power of using a touchscreen-based battery to advance our understanding of the effects of space radiation on mission critical cognitive function in females, and underscore the importance of preclinical space radiation risk studies measuring multiple cognitive processes, thereby preventing NASA’s risk assessments from being based on a single cognitive domain.

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