Relationship between supervisory cognitive style and social orientation.

1974 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Gruenfeld ◽  
P. Weissenberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Social Orientation

East-West Differences in Cognitive Style and Social Orientation: Are They Real?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Kitayama ◽  
Mayumi Karasawa ◽  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Jinkyung Na ◽  
Michael E. W. Varnum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Psychological Tasks ◽  
East West ◽  
Made In

Previous work showed that East-Asians tend to be more holistic in cognitive style and more interdependent in social orientation than Westerners. It is not clear, however, whether these differences generalize beyond the young, well-educated, financially well-off samples that have been tested in the past. We administered 16 previously studied psychological tasks to random samples of Americans and Japanese who varied in age (25-79), gender, and education. We found that the East-West differences are remarkably stable across the sub-populations. The present research provides the first empirical evidence that East Asian adults reliably differ from Western adults in cognitive style and social orientation, regardless of age, gender, or level of educational attainment, and across a variety of socio-cognitive tasks. Our findings have implications for the significant role culture plays in shaping various psychological processes and highlight the risk of basing psychological theories on observations made in a small segment of humanity.

Independent and Interdependent Self-Construals do Not Predict Analytic or Holistic Reasoning

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Marquez ◽  
Joel Ellwanger
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Low Field ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdependent Self ◽  
Eastern Cultures

Independent self-construals in Western cultures may promote analytic information processing and low field dependence, while interdependent self-construals in Eastern cultures may foster holistic information processing and high field dependence. To examine these ideas, the social orientation and cognitive style of 254 introductory psychology students were measured. Multiple regression analyses indicated a non-significant relationship between the participants' social orientation and cognitive style ( R2s ranged from .00 to .01, 95% confidence intervals for R2 ranged from .00 to .05). These findings indicate that the hypothesis that collectivism and individualism are associated with differences in information processing between individuals needs further scrutiny. The possible reasons for the lack of association between social orientation and cognitive style are discussed.

scholarly journals Culture and personality revisited: Behavioral profiles and within-person stability in interdependent (vs. independent) social orientation and holistic (vs. analytic) cognitive style

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Na ◽  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Michael E. W. Varnum ◽  
Mayumi Karasawa ◽  
Youngwon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Behavioral Profiles ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytic Cognitive Style ◽  
The Stability

We test the proposition that both social orientation and cognitive style are constructs consisting of loosely related attributes. Thus, measures of each construct should weakly correlate among themselves, forming intra-individually stable profiles across measures over time. Study 1 tested diverse samples of Americans (N = 233) and Japanese (N = 433) with a wide range of measures of social orientation and cognitive style to explore correlations among these measures in a cross-cultural context, using demographically heterogeneous samples. Study 2 recruited a new sample of 485 Americans and Canadians and examined their profiles on measures of social orientation and cognitive style twice, one month apart, to assess the stability of individual profiles using these variables. Despite finding typical cross-cultural differences, Study 1 demonstrated negligible correlations both among measures of social orientation and among measures of cognitive style. Study 2 demonstrated stable intra-individual behavioral profiles across measures capturing idiosyncratic patters of social orientation and cognitive style, despite negligible correlations among the same measures. The results provide support for the behavioral profile approach to conceptualizing social orientation and cognitive style, highlighting the need to assess intra-individual stability of psychological constructs in cross-cultural research.

The Type D Construct

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesine Grande ◽  
Matthias Romppel ◽  
Matthias Michal ◽  
Elmar Brähler
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
German Population ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Type D ◽  
Worse Prognosis

The interaction of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), known as the Type D personality, is associated with a worse prognosis in cardiac patients. Until now, causal models have been speculative, and this is partly due to a lack of clarity related to the validity of SI, its role in emotion regulation, and the postulated independence of social and emotional functioning. To examine the construct validity of the Type D personality, we analyzed associations of NA and SI with different measures of affectivity, social anxiety, and social competencies in a German population-based representative sample (n = 2,495). Both NA and SI were associated with all other measures of social functioning and negative affect (all rs > .30) and showed considerable cross-loadings (NA: a 1 = .39, a 2 = .63; SI: a1 = .73 and a2 = .34) in a two-factor solution with the factors labeled as Social Functioning and Negative Affectivity. The SI subscale did not properly differentiate between social fears and social competencies, which emerged as rather different aspects of social functioning. Further studies should examine the effect of broader dimensions of social orientation and competencies and their interaction with NA on cardiac prognosis.

Teasing out cognitive development from cognitive style: A training study.

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Globerson ◽  
Eliya Weinstein ◽  
Ruth Sharabany
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Training Study

New Directions for Research on Cognitive Style?

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-502
Author(s):  
Nora Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
New Directions

Review of Cognitive Style in Early Education.

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-610
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Early Education
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