Retroactive effect of phonemic similarity on short-term recall of visual and auditory stimuli.

1971 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Salzerg ◽  
T. E. Parks ◽  
Neal E. Kroll ◽  
Stanley R. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retroactive Effect ◽  
Phonemic Similarity

Hearing the Beat

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Einarson ◽  
Laurel J. Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Perceptual Sensitivity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Phase Errors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Adults can extract the underlying beat from music, and entrain their movements with that beat. Although infants and children are poor at synchronizing their movements to auditory stimuli, recent findings suggest they are perceptually sensitive to the beat. We examined five-year-old children’s perceptual sensitivity to musical beat alignment (adapting the adult task of Iversen & Patel, 2008). We also examined whether sensitivity is affected by metric complexity, and whether perceptual sensitivity correlates with cognitive skills. On each trial of the complex Beat Alignment Test (cBAT) children were presented with two successive videos of puppets drumming to music with simple or complex meter. One puppet’s drumming was synchronized with the beat of the music while the other had either incorrect tempo or incorrect phase, and children were asked to select the better drummer. In two experiments, five-year-olds were able to detect beat misalignments in simple meter music significantly better than beat misalignments in complex meter music for both phase errors and tempo errors, with performance for complex meter music at chance levels. Although cBAT performance correlated with short-term memory in Experiment One, the relationship held for both simple and complex meter, so cannot explain the superior performance for culturally typical meters.

scholarly journals Evidence for short-term, but not long-term, transfer effects in the temporal preparation of auditory stimuli

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 2672-2679
Author(s):  
Emily M Crowe ◽  
Christopher Kent
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Function ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Transfer Phase ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporal Preparation ◽  
Specific Memory

Starting procedures in racing sports consist of a warning (e.g., “Set”) followed by a target (e.g., “Go”) signal. During this interval (the foreperiod), athletes engage in temporal preparation whereby they prepare to respond to the target as quickly as possible. Despite a long history, the cognitive mechanisms underlying this process are debated. Recently, it has been suggested that traces of previous temporal durations drive temporal preparation performance rather than the traditional explanation that performance is related to the currently perceived hazard function. Los and colleagues used visual stimuli for the warning and target signals. As racing sports typically rely upon auditory stimuli, we investigated the role of memory on temporal preparation in the auditory domain. Experiment 1 investigated long-term transfer effects. In an acquisition phase, two groups of participants were exposed to different foreperiod distributions. One week later, during a transfer phase, both groups received the same distribution of foreperiods. There was no evidence for transfer effects. Therefore, Experiment 2 examined short-term transfer effects in which acquisition and transfer phases were completed in the same testing session. There was some evidence for transfer effects, but this was limited, suggesting that there may be modality-specific memory differences.

scholarly journals Short-term memory for visual and auditory stimuli in pigeons

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp J. Kraemer ◽  
William A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Absence of a Cross-Modal “Suffix Effect” in Short-Term Memory

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Morton ◽  
C. M. Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Serial Recall ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Suffix Effect ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stimulus List ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Immediate Serial Recall ◽  
Selective Increase

Three experiments are reported involving the presentation of lists of either letters or digits for immediate serial recall. The main variable was the presence or absence of a suffix-prefix, an item (tick or cross) occurring at the end of the list which had to be copied before recall of the stimulus list. With auditory stimuli and an auditory suffix-prefix there was a large and selective increase in the number of errors on the last few serial positions—the typical “suffix effect”. The suffix effect was not found with auditory stimuli and a visual suffix-prefix nor with a visual stimulus and an auditory suffix-prefix. These results are interpreted as supporting a model for short-term memory proposed by Crowder and Morton (1969) in which it is suggested that with serial recall information concerning the final items following auditory presentation has a different, precategorical, origin from that concerning other items.

scholarly journals Does articulatory suppression eliminate the phonemic similarity effect in short-term recall?

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. E. Richardson ◽  
Deborah E. Greaves ◽  
Margaret M. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Articulatory Suppression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Phonemic Similarity
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