Relationship between heart rate and muscular activity within a classical conditioning paradigm.

1971 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Cohen ◽  
Harold J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Conditioning Paradigm

scholarly journals Development of a Classical Conditioning Task for Humans Examining Phasic Heart Rate Responses to Signaled Appetitive Stimuli: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Sayão ◽  
Heloisa Alves ◽  
Emi Furukawa ◽  
Thomas Schultz Wenk ◽  
Mauricio Cagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Cardiac Deceleration ◽  
Appetitive Stimuli ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Food Images

Cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli have been studied as indices of motivational states and attentional processes, the former being associated with cardiac acceleration and latter deceleration. Very few studies have examined heart rate changes in appetitive classical conditioning in humans. The current study describes the development and pilot testing of a classical conditioning task to assess cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli and cues that reliably precede them. Data from 18 adults were examined. They were shown initially neutral visual stimuli (putative CS) on a computer screen followed by pictures of high-caloric food (US). Phasic cardiac deceleration to food images was observed, consistent with an orienting response to motivationally significant stimuli. Similar responses were observed to non-appetitive stimuli when they were preceded by the cue associated with the food images, suggesting that attentional processes were engaged by conditioned stimuli. These autonomic changes provide significant information about classical conditioning effects in humans.

scholarly journals Relation between Conditioned Stimulus-Elicit Responses and Unconditioned Response Diminution in Long-Interval Human Heart-Rate Classical Conditioning

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Marcos ◽  
Jaime Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Conditioned Response ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
Unconditioned Response ◽  
Heart Rate Deceleration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
Rate Deceleration

Previous research on electrodermal conditioning suggests that the conditioned diminution of the unconditioned response (UR) has an associative basis. The aim of this experiment was to test whether this phenomenon also occurs in heart rate (HR) classical conditioning. For this purpose, a differential classical conditioning was performed. The conditioned stimuli (CSs) were geometrical shapes (the CS+ was a square and the CS− was a triangle) displayed on a computer screen and a burst of white noise was used as unconditioned stimulus (US). For analysis of the conditioned response (CR) components, an interval between CS+ and US of 8 seconds was used. After the acquisition phase, participants were tested using trials with the US preceded either by a CS+, a CS−, or a neutral stimulus (a circle). The results showed conditioned diminution of the UR and suggest that the second heart rate deceleration component (D2) is responsible for the occurrence of this phenomenon.

Effect of laterotrusive occlusal scheme on chewing duration, external intercostal muscular activity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation

CRANIO® ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Miralles ◽  
Saúl Valenzuela ◽  
Camila Marambio ◽  
Natalia Andrea Gamboa ◽  
Aler Daniel Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Muscular Activity

Classical Conditioning of Beginning Reading Responses

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Montare
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Incremental Learning ◽  
Trace Conditioning ◽  
Beginning Reading ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
System Level ◽  
Conditioning Paradigm ◽  
Signalling System ◽  
Learning Trials ◽  
Classically Conditioned

The present study describes the first demonstration that laboratory-controlled experimental procedures can lead to the successful acquisition and subsequent retention of classically conditioned beginning reading responses (CCBRRs) in children of both sexes and mean age of 4 yr. Anticipatory instructions combined with higher-order classical conditioning temporally arranged into a trace conditioning paradigm presented for 10 trials for each response to be learned led to beginning reading responses being successfully acquired by 20 children during 95% of the 2,220 total acquisition learning trials and subsequently correctly recalled on 114 of the 222 retention test trials. Findings support the view that perhaps the relatively sudden and sustained acquisition learning curves for reading responses on the second-signalling-system level of behavior in the present study may be quite different from the relatively slow and incremental learning curves usually obtained in classical conditioning of the autonomic type which occur on the first-signalling-system level.

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