Sodium amobarbital and effects of frustrative nonreward.

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Sodium Amobarbital

Brain Mechanisms of Frustrative Nonreward: Implications for Pediatric Irritability

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S46-S47
Author(s):  
Katharina Kircanski ◽  
Julia Linke ◽  
Ellen Leibenluft
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward

Effects of Rewarded Pretraining and Partial Reinforcement on Lever Pulling by Retarded and Nonretarded Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1295-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Hayes ◽  
Donald K. Routh
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Partial Reward ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Reaction ◽  
Reinforcement Condition ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Mental Age

The task of pulling 2 levers for marble rewards was given to 72 retarded and 72 nonretarded children matched for mental age (approximately 7 yr.). Half of the children were given a pretraining task on which they experienced success and the other half a control pretraining procedure. On the lever pulling task half the Ss received 50% reward on the first lever and the other half 100% reward on the first lever, both groups being always rewarded after pulling the second lever. Rewarded pretraining led to a slowing down of starting speeds on both levers which was more marked in retarded than in nonretarded children. For nonretarded Ss the 50% reinforcement condition led to consistently faster responding on both levers, but this partial reward superiority was seen in retarded Ss only on the early trials. Interpretations of these effects in terms of Amsel's theory of frustrative nonreward and Zigler's concept of a retardate negative reaction tendency were offered.

Behavioral and Psychophysiological Investigations of Irritability

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-70
Author(s):  
Mariah DeSerisy ◽  
Christen M. Deveney
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
Insight Into

A better understanding of neurocognitive mechanisms underlying irritability has the potential to inform treatments and improve quality of life for the children for whom this symptom is severe and persistent. This chapter examines the existing behavioral and psychophysiological investigations into irritability-related mechanisms in youth. Together, these measures provide insight into the cognitive and socioemotional abilities of youth with irritability. Existing research explores three domains: executive functioning, reward processing, and responses to emotional stimuli. Although deficits have been observed in each domain, the strongest evidence exists for atypical frustrative nonreward responses (i.e., when an expected reward is not received), face emotion identification deficits, and increased attention toward threatening faces. We discuss limitations to the existing literature and propose avenues for future research, including exploring cognitive-emotion interactions, using dimensional measures of irritability, and examining whether deficits are unique to irritability or related to co-occurring symptoms.

Right hemisphere speech perception revealed by amobarbital injection and electrical interference

Neurology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Boatman ◽  
J. Hart ◽  
R. P. Lesser ◽  
N. Honeycutt ◽  
N. B. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Sodium Amobarbital ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electrical Interference

Objective: To investigate the right hemispheric speech perception capabilities of an adult right-handed patient with seizures.Methods: Consecutive, unilateral, intracarotid sodium amobarbital injections and left hemispheric electrical interference mapping were used to determine lateralization and localization of speech perception, measured as syllable discrimination.Results: Syllable discrimination remained intact after left and right intracarotid sodium amobarbital injections. Language otherwise strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere. Despite evidence of bilateral speech perception capabilities, electrical interference testing in the left posterior temporal lobe impaired syllable discrimination.Conclusions: The results suggest a functionally symmetric, parallel system in the adult brain with preferential use of left hemispheric pathways for speech perception.

Irritability‐related neural responses to frustrative nonreward in adolescents with trauma histories: A preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Hodgdon ◽  
Qiongru Yu ◽  
Maria Kryza‐Lacombe ◽  
Michael T. Liuzzi ◽  
Gabriela Ibarra Aspe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Trauma Histories

Subtemporal transparahippocampal amygdalohippocampectomy for surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. E2 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Park ◽  
Blaise F. D. Bourgeois ◽  
Daniel L. Silbergeld ◽  
W. Edwin Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Sodium Amobarbital

Amygdalohippocampectomy (AH) is an accepted surgical option for treatment of medically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Operative approaches to the amygdala and hippocampus that previously have been reported include: the sylvian fissure, the superior temporal sulcus, the middle temporal gyrus, and the fusiform gyrus. Regardless of the approach, AH permits not only extirpation of an epileptogenic focus in the amygdala and anterior hippocampus, but interruption of pathways of seizure spread via the entorhinal cortex and the parahippocampal gyrus. The authors report a modification of a surgical technique for AH via the parahippocampal gyrus, in which excision is limited to the anterior hippocampus, amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus while preserving the fusiform gyrus and the rest of the temporal lobe. Because transparahippocampal AH avoids injury to the fusiform gyrus and the lateral temporal lobe, it can be performed without intracarotid sodium amobarbital testing of language dominance and language mapping. Thus the operation would be particularly suitable for pediatric patients in whom intraoperative language mapping before resection is difficult.

A test of the extended frustrative nonreward hypothesis1

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
R. A. Champion ◽  
E. Helen Post
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward
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