scholarly journals Aggression in rats as a function of frustrative nonreward in a straight alley

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-12) ◽  
pp. 99-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon G. Gallup
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Straight Alley

Brain Mechanisms of Frustrative Nonreward: Implications for Pediatric Irritability

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S46-S47
Author(s):  
Katharina Kircanski ◽  
Julia Linke ◽  
Ellen Leibenluft
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward

Chlorpromazine and Memory Consolidation

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry E. Adams ◽  
L. J. Peacock ◽  
John F. Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Straight Alley ◽  
Learning Trial ◽  
Water Reward ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Main Effects

To determine whether chlorpromazine affects learning by disrupting memory traces 40 23-hr. water-deprived rats were given 1 trial per day in a straight alley maze for a water reward. The factorial design included (a) chlorpromazine vs saline and (b) injection 10 sec. after a learning trial vs injection 30 min. after a learning trial. All groups learned but there were no significant main effects or interaction, which indicates that chlorpromazine does not affect learning this simple task under water-deprivation.

Generalization to Stimuli of Different Brightness in Three Straight-Alley Studies

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garvin McCain ◽  
B. L. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Straight Alley

Three experiments involving a total of 145 rats are reported; in each case the generalization gradient was approximately flat. The results pose some of the same questions as do Jensen and Cotton (1963) and other studies.

Caudate Nucleus Lesions Impair the Ability of Rats to Learn a Simple Straight-Alley Task

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kirkby ◽  
Stephen Polgar ◽  
Ian R. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Straight Alley ◽  
Learning Deficit

Learning to run down a straight alley for a food reward was investigated in rats with lesions of the telencephalon. Over 84 trials the running latencies of rats with lesions of the caudate nucleus were significantly greater than those of subjects with lesions of the frontal cortex or sham-lesioned rats. The running latencies of the cortical- and the sham-lesioned groups were not significantly different. It was suggested that the performance of the caudotomized rats reflected a learning deficit.

Effects of Rewarded Pretraining and Partial Reinforcement on Lever Pulling by Retarded and Nonretarded Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1295-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Hayes ◽  
Donald K. Routh
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Partial Reward ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Reaction ◽  
Reinforcement Condition ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Mental Age

The task of pulling 2 levers for marble rewards was given to 72 retarded and 72 nonretarded children matched for mental age (approximately 7 yr.). Half of the children were given a pretraining task on which they experienced success and the other half a control pretraining procedure. On the lever pulling task half the Ss received 50% reward on the first lever and the other half 100% reward on the first lever, both groups being always rewarded after pulling the second lever. Rewarded pretraining led to a slowing down of starting speeds on both levers which was more marked in retarded than in nonretarded children. For nonretarded Ss the 50% reinforcement condition led to consistently faster responding on both levers, but this partial reward superiority was seen in retarded Ss only on the early trials. Interpretations of these effects in terms of Amsel's theory of frustrative nonreward and Zigler's concept of a retardate negative reaction tendency were offered.

Behavioral and Psychophysiological Investigations of Irritability

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-70
Author(s):  
Mariah DeSerisy ◽  
Christen M. Deveney
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
Insight Into

A better understanding of neurocognitive mechanisms underlying irritability has the potential to inform treatments and improve quality of life for the children for whom this symptom is severe and persistent. This chapter examines the existing behavioral and psychophysiological investigations into irritability-related mechanisms in youth. Together, these measures provide insight into the cognitive and socioemotional abilities of youth with irritability. Existing research explores three domains: executive functioning, reward processing, and responses to emotional stimuli. Although deficits have been observed in each domain, the strongest evidence exists for atypical frustrative nonreward responses (i.e., when an expected reward is not received), face emotion identification deficits, and increased attention toward threatening faces. We discuss limitations to the existing literature and propose avenues for future research, including exploring cognitive-emotion interactions, using dimensional measures of irritability, and examining whether deficits are unique to irritability or related to co-occurring symptoms.

Irritability‐related neural responses to frustrative nonreward in adolescents with trauma histories: A preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Hodgdon ◽  
Qiongru Yu ◽  
Maria Kryza‐Lacombe ◽  
Michael T. Liuzzi ◽  
Gabriela Ibarra Aspe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Trauma Histories
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