Input and output interference in short-term associative memory.

1966 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endel Tulving ◽  
Tannis Y. Arbuckle
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Output Interference ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Input And Output

scholarly journals Optimizing Subjective Cognitive Decline to Detect Early Cognitive Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1185-1196
Author(s):  
Silvia Chapman ◽  
Preeti Sunderaraman ◽  
Jillian L. Joyce ◽  
Martina Azar ◽  
Leigh E. Colvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Binding ◽  
Preclinical Ad ◽  
List Learning

Background: The utility of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an indicator of preclinical AD is overshadowed by its inconsistent association with objective cognition. Objective: This study examines if manipulations of SCD measurement affect its association with early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD. Methods: Cognitively healthy older adults (n = 110) completed SCD questionnaires that elicited complaints in general, compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) and compared to their peers (age-anchored SCD) in binary and Likert scales. Outcome cognitive tasks included an associative memory task (Face-Name Test), a visual short-term memory binding task (STMB test), and a clinical neuropsychological list learning test (Selective Reminder Test). Results: SCD complaints, when compared to age-matched peers (age-anchored SCD) were endorsed less frequently than complaints compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) (p < 0.01). In demographically adjusted regressions, age-anchored ordinal-rated SCD was associated with short term memory binding (β= –0.22, p = 0.040, CI = –0.45, –0.01), associative memory (β= –0.26, p = 0.018, CI = –0.45, –0.06), and list learning (β= –0.31, p = 0.002, CI = –0.51, –0.12). Retrospective and general ordinal-rated SCD was associated with associative memory (β= –0.25, p = 0.012, CI = –0.44, –0.06; β= –0.29, p = 0.003, CI = –0.47, –0.10) and list learning only (β= –0.25, p = 0.014, CI = –0.45, –0.05; β= –0.28, p = 0.004, CI = –0.48, –0.09). Conclusion: Ordinal age-anchored SCD appears better suited than other SCD measurements to detect early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD.

scholarly journals Multi-Information Flow CNN and Attribute-Aided Reranking for Person Reidentification

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Sang ◽  
Chuanzheng Wang ◽  
Dakuo He ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Memory Network ◽  
Long Short Term Memory ◽  
Attribute Recognition ◽  
Subsequent Layer

This paper presents a multi-information flow convolutional neural network (MiF-CNN) model for person reidentification (re-id). It contains several specific multilayer convolutional structures, where the input and output of a convolutional layer are concatenated together on channel dimension. With this idea, layers of model can go deeper and feature maps can be reused by each subsequent layer. Inspired by an image caption, a person attribute recognition network is proposed based on long-short-term memory network and attention mechanism. By fusing identification results of MiF-CNN and attribute recognition, this paper introduces the attribute-aided reranking algorithm to improve the accuracy of person re-id further. Experiments on VIPeR, CUHK01, and Market1501 datasets verify the proposed MiF-CNN can be trained sufficiently with small-scale datasets and obtain outstanding accuracy of person re-id. Contrast experiments also confirm the availability of the attribute-assisted reranking algorithm.

scholarly journals C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

10.3791/2490 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Kauffman ◽  
Lance Parsons ◽  
Geneva Stein ◽  
Airon Wills ◽  
Rachel Kaletsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
C Elegans

Strong mitigation of net global warming potential (GWP) via short-term aerobic pre-digestion of green manured soil in rice paddy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonji Song ◽  
Jin Ho Lee ◽  
Songrae Cho ◽  
Hogyeong Chae ◽  
Pil Joo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Aerobic Decomposition ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Stock Change ◽  
Net Global Warming Potential

&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;Cover crop cultivation is strongly recommended during fallow season to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, since its biomass recycling as green manure can dramatically increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, in particular, methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) during rice cropping season, smart cover crop management strategy should be developed. In our previous research, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emission during cropping season was dramatically reduced via short-term aerobic decomposition before irrigation (Lee et al.). However, due to a fast response rate of aerobic decomposition, the effect of mitigating CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emission could be offset by SOC depletion which results in accelerating global warming. To evaluate the comprehensive impact of the short-term aerobic decomposition on global warming, net global warming potential (GWP), defined as the difference between GWP and SOC stock change was employed. SOC stock change was estimated using net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB), a balance between soil C input and output. The mixture of barley and hairy vetch cultivated during the dried fallow season, and then its whole biomass was incorporated 0-30 days before irrigation for rice transplanting. The aerobic decomposition of cover crop biomass significantly reduced CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emission by 24-85% over control but negligibly influences N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission. Total C input and output were unaffected by the aerobic digestion. Although carbon emission before flooding dramatically increased after biomass application in aerobic decomposition treatments, the mineralized C losses exhibited no differences among treatments. Based on these results, NECB values were similar in all treatments. This implies the aerobic decomposition did not stimulate SOC depletion, compared to the control. Finally, the net GWP highly decreased by 30-86% by the aerobic digestion due to the significant reduction of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emission. In conclusion, earlier application of cover crops before irrigation is a smart strategy to decrease methane emission, maintaining soil carbon sequestration effect of cover crop biomasses application.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Précis of From neuropsychology to mental structure

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Shallice
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cognitive Neuropsychology ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Eclectic Approach ◽  
Cognitive Theories

AbstractNeuropsychological results are increasingly cited in cognitive theories although their methodology has been severely criticised. The book argues for an eclectic approach but particularly stresses the use of single-case studies. A range of potential artifacts exists when inferences are made from such studies to the organisation of normal function – for example, resource differences among tasks, premorbid individual differences, and reorganisation of function. The use of “strong” and “classical” dissociations minimises potential artifacts. The theoretical convergence between findings from fields where cognitive neuropsychology is well developed and those from the normal literature strongly suggests that the potential artifacts are not critical. The fields examined in detail in this respect are short-term memory, reading, writing, the organisation of input and output speech systems, and visual perception. Functional dissociation data suggest that not only are input systems organised modularly, but so are central systems. This conclusion is supported by findings on impairment of knowledge, visual attention, supervisory functions, memory, and consciousness.

Altered hippocampal short-term plasticity and associative memory in synaptotagmin IV (?/?) mice

Hippocampus ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 964-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Ferguson ◽  
Hongbing Wang ◽  
Harvey R. Herschman ◽  
Daniel R. Storm
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Synaptotagmin Iv
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