scholarly journals Attentional scope, rumination, and processing of emotional information: An eye-tracking study.

Emotion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1259-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Fang ◽  
Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez ◽  
Ernst H. W. Koster
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Attentional Scope

The cross-modal transfer of emotional information from voices to faces in 5-, 8- and 10-year-old children and adults: An eye-tracking study.

Emotion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaya Palama ◽  
Jennifer Malsert ◽  
Didier Grandjean ◽  
David Sander ◽  
Edouard Gentaz
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Biased Maintenance of Attention on Sad Faces in Clinically Depressed Youth: An Eye-Tracking Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Buhl ◽  
Anca Sfärlea ◽  
Johanna Loechner ◽  
Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle ◽  
Elske Salemink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Youth Depression ◽  
Passive Viewing ◽  
Clinically Depressed

AbstractThe role of negative attention biases (AB), central to cognitive models of adult depression, is yet unclear in youth depression. We investigated negative AB in depressed compared to healthy youth and tested whether AB are more pronounced in depressed than at-risk youth. Negative AB was assessed for sad and angry faces with an eye-tracking paradigm [Passive Viewing Task (PVT)] and a behavioural task [Visual Search Task (VST)], comparing three groups of 9–14-year-olds: youth with major depression (MD; n = 32), youth with depressed parents (high-risk; HR; n = 49) and youth with healthy parents (low-risk; LR; n = 42). The PVT revealed MD participants to maintain attention longer on sad faces compared to HR, but not LR participants. This AB correlated positively with depressive symptoms. The VST revealed no group differences. Our results provide preliminary evidence for a negative AB in maintenance of attention on disorder-specific emotional information in depressed compared to at-risk youth.

scholarly journals Attention and Emotion-Enhanced Memory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Behavioural and Neuroimaging Evidence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah R. Cross ◽  
Amanda Santamaria ◽  
Mark J. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Emotional Memory Enhancement

ABSTRACTThe interaction between attention and emotion is posited to influence long-term memory consolidation. We systematically reviewed experiments investigating the influence of attention on emotional memory to determine: (i) the reported effect of attention on memory for emotional stimuli, and (ii) whether there is homogeneity between behavioural and neuroimaging based effects. Over half of the 47 included experiments found a moderate-to-large effect of attention on emotional memory as measured behaviourally. However, eye-tracking research provide mixed support for the role of attention-related processes in facilitating emotional information into long-term memory. Similarly, modulations in sensory-related components at encoding were not predictive of long-term memory formation, whereas later components appear to differentially reflect the allocation of attention to heterogeneous emotional stimuli. This dissociation in neurophysiology is paralleled by the activation of distinct neural networks under full- and divided-attention conditions. We quantified the effects of the behavioural, eye-tracking and neuroimaging findings via meta-analysis to show that the neural substrates of attention-related emotional memory enhancement may be sensitive to specific methodological parameters.

scholarly journals Are Emotion Regulation Strategies Associated With Visual Attentional Breadth for Emotional Information in Youth?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Boelens ◽  
Marie-Lotte Van Beveren ◽  
Rudi De Raedt ◽  
Sandra Verbeken ◽  
Caroline Braet
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Attentional Deployment ◽  
Attentional Scope ◽  
Attentional Breadth

Attentional deployment is currently considered as one of the most central mechanisms in emotion regulation (ER) as it is assumed to be a crucial first step in the selection of emotional information. According to the broaden-and-build theory, positive emotions are associated with attentional broadening and negative emotions with attentional narrowing toward emotional information. Given that ER strategies relying on attentional deployment (i.e., rumination, cognitive reappraisal and distraction) have the possibility to influence positive and negative emotions by (re)directing one’s attention, there could be an association with one’s attentional scope. The current study investigated the association between the general (trait) use of three specific ER strategies and visual attentional breadth for positive, negative, and neutral information in a selected sample of 56 adolescents (M = 12.54, SD = 1.72; 49% girls) at risk for developing psychopathology. First, participants self-reported on their overall use of different ER strategies. Next, the previously validated Attentional Breadth Task (ABT) was used to measure visual attention breadth toward emotional information. No evidence was found for the relationship between 2 specific ER strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and rumination) and visual attentional breadth for neutral, positive and negative emotional information. Surprisingly, “distraction” was associated with visual attentional narrowing, which was unrelated to the valence of the emotion. These unexpected results indicate the multifaceted relationship between trait ER, distraction specifically, and visual attentional breadth for emotional information. Future research, especially in younger age groups, could further elaborate on this research domain.

Trait mindfulness and attention to emotional information: An eye tracking study

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 103213
Author(s):  
Morganne A. Kraines ◽  
Lucas J.A. Kelberer ◽  
Cassandra P. Krug Marks ◽  
Tony T. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
Emotional Information

scholarly journals Faces are special, but facial expressions aren’t: Insights from an oculomotor capture paradigm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Devue ◽  
Gina M. Grimshaw
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Oculomotor Capture ◽  
Colour Singleton ◽  
Reflexive Saccades

We compared the ability of angry and neutral faces to drive oculomotor behaviour, as a test of the widespread claim that emotional information is automatically prioritized when competing for attention. Participants were required to make a saccade to a colour singleton; photos of angry or neutral faces appeared amongst other objects within the array, and were completely irrelevant for the task. Eye-tracking measures indicate that faces drive oculomotor behaviour in a bottom-up fashion; however angry faces are no more likely to capture the eyes than neutral faces. Saccade latencies suggest that capture occurred via reflexive saccades and that the outcome of competition between salient items (colour singletons and faces) may be subject to fluctuations in attentional control. Indeed, although angry and neutral faces captured the eyes reflexively on a portion of trials, participants successfully maintained goal-relevant oculomotor behaviour on a majority of trials. We outline potential cognitive and brain mechanisms underlying oculomotor capture by faces.

Depressive Symptoms Account for Loss of Positive Attention Bias in ADHD Patients: An Eye-Tracking Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110636
Author(s):  
Cassandra C. Schuthof ◽  
Indira Tendolkar ◽  
Maria Annemiek Bergman ◽  
Margit Klok ◽  
Rose M. Collard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Processing Differences

Objectives: Depression and ADHD often co-occur and are both characterized by altered attentional processing. Differences and overlap in the profile of attention to emotional information may help explain the co-occurence. We examined negative attention bias in ADHD as neurocognitive marker for comorbid depression. Methods: Patients with depression ( n = 63), ADHD ( n = 43), ADHD and depression ( n = 25), and non-psychiatric controls ( n = 68) were compared on attention allocation toward emotional faces. The following eye-tracking indices were used: gaze duration, number of revisits, and location and duration of first fixation. Results: Controls revisited the happy faces more than the other facial expressions. Both the depression and the comorbid group showed significantly less revisits of the happy faces compared to the ADHD and the control group. Interestingly, after controlling for depressive symptoms, the groups no longer differed on the number of revisits. Conclusion: ADHD patients show a relative positive attention bias, while negative attention bias in ADHD likely indicates (sub)clinical comorbid depression.

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