Can’t take my eyes off of you: Tendency to maintain cognitive activation of significant other representations.

Alternative fuels appeared soon after the first internal combustion engines were designed. The history of alternative fuels is basically as long as the history of the automotive industry. Initially, fuels whose physicochemical properties allowed for a change in parameters of the combustion process in order to achieve greater efficiency and reliability were searched for. Nowadays, there are significantly more variables; in addition to the above mentioned parameters, alternative fuels are being sought that will ensure environmental protection during vehicle operation and improve the ergonomics of use. This article outlines the results of the authors’ own comparative tests of vibrations of a vibroacoustic character. Based on a popular engine model, the vibration–acoustic responses of a system powered by two types of fuel, namely, diesel and biodiesel (B10), are compared. The research consists of comparing vibrations in both time and frequency domains. In the case of the time domain, the evaluation was performed with vibrations as a function of engine torque and speed. In the case of frequency analysis, the focus was on changes in the frequency response for the tested fuels. The research shows that the profile of vibroacoustic vibrations changes in the case of biodiesel power supply in relation to standard fuel. The vibration profile changes significantly as a function of speed and only slightly in relation to the engine load. The results presented in this article show different vibroacoustic responses of an engine powered by diesel and biodiesel; the change is minor for lower speeds but significant (other harmonics are dominant) for higher speeds (changes in the dominant harmonic magnitude of up to 10% at a crankshaft speed of 3000 rpm).

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The Pittsburgh Transition: Not Quite So Simple

Economic Development Quarterly ◽

10.1177/08912424211024855 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089124242110248

Author(s):

Sabina Deitrick ◽

Christopher Briem

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Economic Restructuring ◽

Development Strategies ◽

The State ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Significant Other ◽

Development Policies ◽

Economic Trends ◽

Economic Development Strategies

Benjamin Armstrong’s article compares state economic development policies in Pittsburgh and Cleveland in the 1980s, the period of major regional economic restructuring. Armstrong argues that what separated Pittsburgh from Cleveland in the ensuring years was the state-mandated inclusion of the city’s universities as major economic development decision makers and the role that advanced technology played in Pittsburgh’s recovery—much more prominent than in Cleveland’s. The authors agree that the 1980s expanded stakeholders in the region’s traditional economic development strategies, but not to the extent that Armstrong argues, and that significant other factors have affected the two regions in recent decades. The authors also find that the divergence in economic trends between the two regions is not a strong as Armstrong suggests.

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Paid carers' understanding and experiences of meaningful involvement in bereavement for people with intellectual disability when a significant other is dying

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities ◽

10.1111/jar.12929 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julie Hedayioglu ◽

Sue Marsden ◽

Amy Sackree ◽

David Oliver

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Significant Other ◽

Meaningful Involvement

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Microglia in Neurodegenerative Events—An Initiator or a Significant Other?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22115818 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 5818

Author(s):

Gaylia Jean Harry

Keyword(s):

Neurovascular Unit ◽

Cell Types ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Significant Other ◽

Neurodegenerative Process ◽

Target Sites ◽

Systemic Factors ◽

Injury And Repair ◽

The Brain

A change in microglia structure, signaling, or function is commonly associated with neurodegeneration. This is evident in the patient population, animal models, and targeted in vitro assays. While there is a clear association, it is not evident that microglia serve as an initiator of neurodegeneration. Rather, the dynamics imply a close interaction between the various cell types and structures in the brain that orchestrate the injury and repair responses. Communication between microglia and neurons contributes to the physiological phenotype of microglia maintaining cells in a surveillance state and allows the cells to respond to events occurring in their environment. Interactions between microglia and astrocytes is not as well characterized, nor are interactions with other members of the neurovascular unit; however, given the influence of systemic factors on neuroinflammation and disease progression, such interactions likely represent significant contributes to any neurodegenerative process. In addition, they offer multiple target sites/processes by which environmental exposures could contribute to neurodegenerative disease. Thus, microglia at least play a role as a significant other with an equal partnership; however, claiming a role as an initiator of neurodegeneration remains somewhat controversial.

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