Emotional and cognitive processes of decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Beck ◽  
Stacey Wood
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Gambling Task

scholarly journals One week of chronic sleep debt does not affect decision-making processes in a mouse version of the Iowa Gambling Task

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Pittaras ◽  
Sylvie Granon ◽  
Arnaud Rabat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chronic Sleep

SummarySocio-professional pressures push people to sleep less which leads to chronic sleep debt (CSD) for a significant percentage of the population. Although the health consequences of CSD are well known, research shows that high-level cognitive processes in humans are more affected by acute sleep debt (ASD) rather than CSD (Drake et al., 2001). We have previously shown that ASD has deleterious effects on decision-making in mice and that some mice were more sensitive to ASD than others (Pittaras et al., 2018) by using a rodent version of the Iowa Gambling Task (Bechara et al., 1994). In this study, we showed that, as in humans, CSD has fewer effects on decision-making compared to ASD. We hypothesize that this observation was due to the set-up of a compensatory mechanism.

scholarly journals Social-networks-related stimuli interferes decision making under ambiguity: Interactions with cue-induced craving and problematic social-networks use

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Elisa Wegmann ◽  
Silke M. Müller ◽  
Patrick Trotzke ◽  
Matthias Brand
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

AbstractBackground and aimsSocial-networks-use disorder is discussed as a potential further type of disorders due to addictive behaviors. Theoretical models assume cue-induced craving and disadvantageous decision making to be relevant mechanisms. This study investigates if the presentation of social-networks-related cues interferes with decision making under ambiguity.MethodsCraving was induced with a cue-reactivity paradigm and assessed with a visual analogue scale. Participants (N = 146) played a modified Iowa Gambling Task with social-networks-related cues and neutral cues presented on the advantageous and disadvantageous decks respectively, or vice versa. Symptoms of social-networks-use disorder were measured with a modified version of the short Internet Addiction Test.ResultsOverall, participants chose options with neutral cues more often than those with social-networks-related cues, even if it was disadvantageous. There was a significant interaction between decision-making performance and Iowa Gambling Task condition in predicting symptom severity. The results indicate that choosing decks with social-networks-related cues even if it was disadvantageous is associated with higher tendencies towards a social-networks-use disorder. The interaction with cue-induced craving did not explain further variance.Discussion and ConclusionsThe results highlight the relevance of cue reactivity, decision making, and their interaction as potential mechanisms explaining tendencies towards a social-networks-use disorder. Decision making was influenced by affective responses, which could result in a higher risk of a potential addictive behavior. This is consistent with the findings from addiction research and with theoretical approaches assuming an imbalance between affective and cognitive processes in addictive behaviors.

Differences in Reward and Persistency characterise Behavior in Chronic Pain for the Iowa Gambling Task in a Web-based Lab-in-the-field study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Himanshu Vashisht ◽  
Alekhya Nethra ◽  
Brian Slattery ◽  
Tomas Ward
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Pain Experiences

BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a significant world-wide health problem. It has been reported that people with chronic pain experience decision-making impairments, but these findings have been based on conventional lab experiments to date. In such experiments researchers have extensive control of conditions and can more precisely eliminate potential confounds. In contrast, there is much less known regarding how chronic pain impacts decision-making captured via lab-in-the-field experiments. Although such settings can introduce more experimental uncertainty, it is believed that collecting data in more ecologically valid contexts can better characterize the real-world impact of chronic pain. OBJECTIVE We aim to quantify decision-making differences between chronic pain individuals and healthy controls in a lab-in-the-field environment through taking advantage of internet technologies and social media. METHODS A cross-sectional design with independent groups was employed. A convenience sample of 45 participants were recruited through social media - 20 participants who self-reported living with chronic pain, and 25 people with no pain or who were living with pain for less than 6 months acting as controls. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire assessing their pain experiences and a neuropsychological task measuring their decision-making, i.e. the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) in their web browser at a time and location of their choice without supervision. RESULTS Standard behavioral analysis revealed no differences in learning strategies between the two groups although qualitative differences could be observed in learning curves. However, computational modelling revealed that individuals with chronic pain were quicker to update their behavior relative to healthy controls, which reflected their increased learning rate (95% HDI from 0.66 to 0.99) when fitted with the VPP model. This result was further validated and extended on the ORL model because higher differences (95% HDI from 0.16 to 0.47) between the reward and punishment learning rates were observed when fitted on this model, indicating that chronic pain individuals were more sensitive to rewards. It was also found that they were less persistent in their choices during the IGT compared to controls, a fact reflected by their decreased outcome perseverance (95% HDI from -4.38 to -0.21) when fitted using the ORL model. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the estimated parameters had predictive value for the self-reported pain experiences, suggesting that the altered cognitive parameters could be potential candidates for inclusion in chronic pain assessments. CONCLUSIONS We found that individuals with chronic pain were more driven by rewards and less consistent when making decisions in our lab-in-the-field experiment. In this case study, it was demonstrated that compared to standard statistical summaries of behavioral performance, computational approaches offered superior ability to resolve, understand and explain the differences in decision- making behavior in the context of chronic pain outside the lab.

Underlying decision making processes on Iowa Gambling Task

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Keshav Janakiprasad Kumar ◽  
Vivek Benegal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Impaired Perception of Unintentional Transgression of Social Norms after Prefrontal Cortex Damage: Relationship to Decision Making, Emotion Recognition, and Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riadh Ouerchefani ◽  
Naoufel Ouerchefani ◽  
Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb ◽  
Didier Le Gall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Basic Emotions

Abstract Objective Patients with prefrontal cortex damage often transgress social rules and show lower accuracy in identifying and explaining inappropriate social behavior. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the ability to perceive other unintentional transgressions of social norms and both decision making and emotion recognition as these abilities are critical for appropriate social behavior. Method We examined a group of patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage (N = 28) and a group of matched control participants (N = 28) for their abilities to detect unintentional transgression of social norms using the “Faux-Pas” task of theory of mind, to make advantageous decisions on the Iowa gambling task, and to recognize basic emotions on the Ekman facial affect test. Results The group of patients with frontal lobe damage was impaired in all of these tasks compared with control participants. Moreover, all the “Faux-Pas”, Iowa gambling, and emotion recognition tasks were significantly associated and predicted by executive measures of inhibition, flexibility, or planning. However, only measures from the Iowa gambling task were associated and predicted performance on the “Faux-Pas” task. These tasks were not associated with performance in recognition of basic emotions. These findings suggest that theory of mind, executive functions, and decision-making abilities act in an interdependent way for appropriate social behavior. However, theory of mind and emotion recognition seem to have distinct but additive effects upon social behavior. Results from VLSM analysis also corroborate these data by showing a partially overlapped prefrontal circuitry underlying these cognitive domains.

Deficits in Reward Decision-Making on the Iowa Gambling Task in Justice-Involved Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana Vedelago ◽  
Iris Balodis ◽  
Kaitlyn McLachlan ◽  
Heather Moulden ◽  
Vanessa Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shift Strategy

Deficits in reward decision-making are thought to contribute to criminal offending. These impairments have been measured in laboratory studies using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) which assesses implicit learning of different reward/punishment contingencies. This study compared IGT performance between a sample of justice-involved individuals and community-based individuals without an offending history. Participants included 100 adults from two Canadian federal correctional institutions (34% female, Mage = 39.14 ± 9.74) and a comparison group of 89 community adults with no history of offending (39% female, Mage = 37.04 ± 10.79). Responses on the IGT were analyzed for overall net score, learning across the task, and deck switching patterns. Associations between IGT performance and sentence characteristics and static factors assessment of recidivism risk were examined for the justice-involved group. The justice-involved group performed significantly worse than community adults in terms of net score. While the community group learned the advantageous strategy across the task, justice-involved participants exhibited minimal learning. This effect was moderated by recidivism risk within the justice-involved group, with individuals at low risk, but not medium/high risk, showing improvement over the blocks of the task. Finally, the justice-involved group also made greater use of an ineffective “win-stay/lose-shift” strategy. These results suggest that, compared with community participants without history of offending, incarcerated adults tend to employ maladaptive decision-making strategies that yield worse overall outcomes and the extent of impairment is associated with recidivism risk.

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