Evaluations of Gender Deviants: The Case of Voluntarily Childless Women

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina J. Casad ◽  
Carie Reese ◽  
Brandon Nakawaki ◽  
Tracey Mofidi ◽  
Michelle Irvin
Keyword(s):  
Voluntarily Childless ◽  
Childless Women

scholarly journals Social Exclusion of Australian Childless Women in Their Reproductive Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Turnbull ◽  
Melissa L Graham ◽  
Ann R Taket
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Voluntarily Childless ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Women Experiences ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Research suggests Australian childless women are at risk of pronatalism-driven social exclusion. This exploratory, mixed methods, cross-sectional study described and explored the social exclusion of Australian childless women aged 25 to 44 years, and asked: what are the nature and extent of social exclusion of childless women; and do the nature and extent of exclusion vary for different types of childless women? A total of 776 childless female Australian residents aged 25 to 44 years completed a self-administered questionnaire. Quantitative data were collected on childlessness types, indicators of exclusion and perceived stigmatisation and exclusion due to being childless. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, One Way ANOVAs and Kruskal Wallis Analysis of Ranks. Qualitative data on childless women’s experiences were inductively thematically analysed. Findings suggest societal-level pronatalism drives exclusion of Australian childless women. While exclusion occurs in all domains of life, childless women experience more exclusion, and perceive more exclusion due to being childless, in the social and civic domains than the service and economic domains. Circumstantially and involuntarily childless women, followed by voluntarily childless women, perceive more exclusion due to being childless than undecided and future childed women. Experiences are influenced by the nature of women’s ‘deviance’ from pronatalism.

Voluntarily childless women: Traditional or nontraditional?

Sex Roles ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bram
Keyword(s):  
Voluntarily Childless ◽  
Childless Women

Timing of the Decision To Remain Voluntarily Childless: Evidence for Continuous Socialization

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon K. Houseknecht
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Voluntarily Childless ◽  
Voluntary Childlessness ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types

This study contrasts different types of voluntary childlessness. Women who decided to remain childless relatively early in life, before marriage ( early articulators) were compared with women who did not decide until after they had married and developed a preferred life style that did not include children ( postponers). The comparison centered on a previously formulated model that explained the decision to remain childless in terms of family background factors, autonomy and achievement orientation in adulthood, and reference group support. The major difference disclosed by this research was with respect to family background factors. In addition to the early versus later decision to remain childless, socialization patterns in the family of orientation differentiate the two types of voluntarily childless women.

scholarly journals Does the Level of Reproductive Knowledge Specific to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Predict Childlessness among Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian W Huang ◽  
Hsiu-Ju Chang ◽  
Karen I Kroeker ◽  
Karen J Goodman ◽  
Kathleen M Hegadoren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Voluntarily Childless ◽  
Voluntary Childlessness ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

BACKGROUND: Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may choose to remain childless due to a lack of IBD-specific reproductive knowledge.OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of IBD-specific reproductive knowledge and discussion of family planning with a physician on childlessness among women with IBD.METHODS: Female IBD patients 18 to 45 years of age completed the Crohn’s and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge questionnaire (CCPKnow), and answered questions regarding reproductive history, plans to have children and discussion of family planning with a physician. CCPKnow scores were grouped according to poor (0 to 7), adequate (8 to 10), good (11 to 13) and very good (14 to 17).RESULTS: Of 434 eligible women, 248 (57.1%) completed the questionnaires. Of these 248 women, 51.6% were childless and, among these, 12.9% were voluntarily childless and 12.1% were trying to become pregnant. Childless women had a lower median CCPKnow score than women with children (6.0 versus 8.0; P=0.001). After adjusting for current age and marital status, each one point increase in the CCPKnow score corresponded to 8% lower odds of childlessness (OR 0.92 [95% CI 0.86 to 0.99]), 9% lower odds of voluntary child-lessness (OR 0.91 [95% CI 0.79 to 1.0]) and 20% higher odds of trying to become pregnant (OR 1.2 [95% CI 1.0 to 1.4]). Discussion of family planning with a gastroenterologist corresponded to 72% lower odds of a poor CCPKnow score (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.15 to 0.53]) and of voluntary childlessness (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.057 to 1.3]).CONCLUSION: In the present study, higher IBD-specific reproductive knowledge lowered the odds of childlessness among women with IBD. Discussion of family planning with a physician was associated with higher CCPKnow scores and lower odds of voluntary childlessness.

Using intentions to predict fertility

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Johannes Norling
Keyword(s):  
Rational Expectations ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Childless Women

Abstract On average, childless women observed by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics report that they intend to have more children than they actually have. A collection of intentions that record only whether respondents intend to have another child can more accurately predict the number of children they have. Errors in the formation of intentions are not required to explain this finding. Rather, if intentions record a survey respondent's most likely predicted number of children, then the average of these intentions does not necessarily equal average actual fertility, even if intentions are formed using rational expectations.

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