R I Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Data Evaluation

scholarly journals Using Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) to examine injury in front vs. rear-seated infants and children involved in a motor vehicle crash in New York State

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bauer ◽  
Leah Hines ◽  
Emilia Pawlowski ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
Anne Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
New York State ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
York State ◽  
Child Restraint ◽  
Ed Visits

Abstract Background In New York State (NYS), motor vehicle (MV) injury to child passengers is a leading cause of hospitalization and emergency department (ED) visits in children aged 0–12 years. NYS laws require appropriate child restraints for ages 0–7 years and safety belts for ages 8 and up while traveling in a private passenger vehicle, but do not specify a seating position. Methods Factors associated with injury in front-seated (n = 11,212) compared to rear-seated (n = 93,092) passengers aged 0–12 years were examined by age groups 0–3, 4–7 and 8–12 years using the 2012–2014 NYS Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES). CODES consists of Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) crash reports linked to ED visits and hospitalizations. The front seat was row 1 and the rear rows 2–3. Vehicle towed from scene and air bag deployed were proxies for crash severity. Injury was dichotomized based on Maximum Abbreviated Injury Severity (MAIS) scores greater than zero. Multivariable logistic regression (odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI) was used to examine factors predictive of injury for the total population and for each age group. Results Front-seated children had more frequent injury than those rear-seated (8.46% vs. 4.92%, p < 0.0001). Children in child restraints experienced fewer medically-treated injuries compared to seat belted or unrestrained children (3.80, 6.50 and 13.62%, p < 0.0001 respectively). A higher proportion of children traveling with an unrestrained vs. restrained driver experienced injury (14.50% vs 5.26%, p < 0.0001). After controlling for crash severity, multivariable adjusted predictors of injury for children aged 0–12 years included riding in the front seat (1.20, 1.10–1.31), being unrestrained vs. child restraint (2.13, 1.73–2.62), being restrained in a seat belt vs. child restraint (1.20, 1.11–1.31), and traveling in a car vs. other vehicle type (1.21, 1.14–1.28). Similarly, protective factors included traveling with a restrained driver (0.61, 0.50–0.75), a driver aged < 25 years (0.91, 0.82–0.99), being an occupant of a later vehicle model year 2005–2008 (0.68, 0.53–0.89) or 2009–2015 (0.55, 0.42–0.71) compared to older model years (1970–1993). Conclusions Compared to front-seated children, rear-seated children and children in age-appropriate restraints had lower adjusted odds of medically-treated injury.

Asleep at the Wheel: Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Fatigue-Related Crashes in Honolulu

2001 ◽  
Vol 1779 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl E. Kim ◽  
Eric Y. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Island State ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Limited Opportunity ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Injury Outcomes

As an island state located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, where there is limited opportunity for long-distance driving, Hawaii provides an interesting context in which to study fatigue-related crashes. Data from the Hawaii Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System are used to analyze and map fatigue-related collisions. Injury outcomes of fatigue-related crashes are analyzed by using police crash data, emergency medical service records, and insurance claims records. There are distinct temporal and spatial patterns as well as relationships between fatigue-related crashes and driver characteristics. Recommendations for preventing fatigue-related crashes are developed. Roadway segments where fatigue-related crashes occur are identified as possible sites for various engineering treatments. Temporal and demographic information also can be used to design and implement more effective programs and systems for fatigue-related crashes.

Injury Outcomes and Costs for Work Zone Crashes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2337 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Coburn ◽  
Andrea R. Bill ◽  
Madhav V. Chitturi ◽  
David A. Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
Injury Score ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Injury Outcomes ◽  
Crash Types

The main objective of this research was to quantify the injury outcomes and develop reliable and comprehensive injury costs for work zone crashes based on crash type (rear-end, head-on, etc.) and crash severity, based on the KABCO scale (K, killed; A, incapacitating injury; B, nonincapacitating injury; C, possible injury; O, property damage only). A three-step methodology was used to quantify the comprehensive crash costs. All crashes in Wisconsin between 2001 and 2010 that were marked with a construction zone flag were identified and used in this analysis. The Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System database provided comprehensive injury costs based on the injury types and severities suffered by participants in study crashes. KABCO and maximum abbreviated injury score ratings were similar for property damage only and possible injuries. A vast majority of individuals with injuries classified as nonincapacitating and incapacitating actually sustained minor or moderate injuries only. This outcome suggests that the use of KABCO needs to be reconsidered. The calculated comprehensive costs for crash types with sufficient sample sizes were found to be up to 105%, 35%, and 50% larger than the default FHWA values for incapacitating, nonincapacitating, and possible injury crashes, respectively. Injury crash costs by crash type varied significantly. This variance indicates that developing crash-specific costs might result in more accurate benefit–cost analysis for the implementation of countermeasures.

Use Of The Ocean Data Evaluation System (ODES) For Storing And Analyzing Benthic Data

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Braun ◽  
N.A. Musgrove ◽  
T.M. Grieb ◽  
Robert King
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Data Evaluation

The Effectiveness of Cervical Medial Branch Thermal Radiofrequency Neurotomy Stratified by Selection Criteria: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 2726-2737
Author(s):  
Andrew Engel ◽  
Wade King ◽  
Byron J Schneider ◽  
Belinda Duszynski ◽  
Nikolai Bogduk
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Medial Branch ◽  
Radiofrequency Neurotomy

Abstract Objective To determine the effectiveness of cervical medial branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy in the treatment of neck pain or cervicogenic headache based on different selection criteria. Design Comprehensive systematic review. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and the authors screened and evaluated the studies. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to assess all eligible studies. Outcome Measures The primary outcome measure assessed was the success rate of the procedure, defined by varying degrees of pain relief following neurotomy. Data are stratified by number of diagnostic blocks and degree of pain relief. Results Results varied by selection criteria, which included triple placebo-controlled medial branch blocks, dual comparative medial branch blocks, single medial branch blocks, intra-articular blocks, physical examination findings, and symptoms alone. Outcome data showed a greater degree of pain relief more often when patients were selected by triple placebo-controlled medial branch blocks or dual comparative medial branch blocks, producing 100% relief of the index pain. The degree of pain relief was similar when triple or dual comparative blocks were used. Conclusions Higher degrees of relief from cervical medial branch thermal radiofrequency neurotomy are more often achieved, to a statistically significant extent, if patients are selected on the basis of complete relief of index pain following comparative diagnostic blocks. If selected based on lesser degrees of relief, patients are less likely to obtain complete relief.

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