Choline Supplements May Improve Learning and Memory in People With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Implicit and explicit memory functioning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH N. MATTSON ◽  
EDWARD P. RILEY
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Free Recall ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Memory Functioning ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with widespread and devastating neurodevelopmental deficits. Numerous reports have suggested memory deficits in both humans and animals exposed prenatally to alcohol. However, the nature of these memory deficits remains to be characterized. Recently children with fetal alcohol syndrome were shown to have learning and memory deficits on a verbal learning and memory measure that involved free recall and recognition memory. The current study seeks to further characterize memory functioning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure by evaluating priming performance. The choice of task is also relevant given previous studies of memory performance in patient groups with and without involvement of the basal ganglia, a group of structures known to be affected in fetal alcohol syndrome. Three groups were evaluated for lexical priming, free recall, recognition memory, and verbal fluency: (1) children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure; (2) children with Down syndrome; and (3) nonexposed controls. The children with Down syndrome showed significantly less priming than alcohol-exposed children, who did not differ from controls. In addition, the alcohol-exposed children were impaired on the free recall task but not on the recognition memory task, whereas the children with Down syndrome performed significantly worse than the alcohol-exposed group on both tasks. Finally, on the verbal fluency task, children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure were impaired on both category and letter fluency, but the degree of impairment was greater for letter fluency. These results further characterize the memory deficits in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure suggesting that in spite of learning and memory deficits, they are able to benefit from priming of verbal information. (JINS, 1999, 5, 462–471.)

Effect of chronic exposure of Losartan in mouse prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) model

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S600-S600
Author(s):  
A. Takyi
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Novel Object Recognition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
Competing Interest

Background and aimsFoetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a condition that currently affects 1% of babies born in Europe and North America. It is characterised by memory impairment, developmental delay and distinctive facial features. This research uses a mouse prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) model to explore the effects of PAE on learning, memory and to explore the potentially beneficial effects of common drugs previously shown to have cognitive enhancing effects in both humans and animals.MethodsSixty mice (M = 30 F = 30) C57 mice were exposed to 5% ethanol throughout pregnancy. After weaning the offspring received Losartan (10 mg/kg) via their drinking water for 8 weeks. At 3 months, learning and memory was assessed using the novel object recognition paradigm.ResultsPAE caused a significant decrease in offspring body weight. Treatment with Losartan caused no growth impairment or renal damage. Novel object recognition indicated that PAE caused male offspring to spend significantly less time exploring the novel object than controls and that treatment with Losartan had the effect of improving awareness of the novel object both in the control and alcohol group and decreasing anxiety (P ≤ 0.05). A significant opposite effect was noticed in the female alcohol progeny when compared to the male alcohol progeny (P ≤ 0.05). Losartan in female alcohol progeny had no effect on anxiety. Male control Losartan spent more time exploring the novel object than male alcohol Losartan (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsLosartan had no deleterious effects on the development of the animals, and was able to improve learning and memory in control animals without effect in PAE mice.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Complex Trauma and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Clinical Implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette D. Hyter
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Complex trauma resulting from chronic maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure can significantly affect child development and academic outcomes. Children with histories of maltreatment and those with prenatal alcohol exposure exhibit remarkably similar central nervous system impairments. In this article, I will review the effects of each on the brain and discuss clinical implications for these populations of children.

Prenatal alcohol exposure and signs of minor neurological dysfunction at preschool age

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Larroque ◽  
Monique Kaminski ◽  
Phillipe Dehaene ◽  
Damien Subtil ◽  
Denis Querleu
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Minor Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Impact of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Problem Behaviors in Preschool and School Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Pfinder ◽  
Stefan Liebig ◽  
Reinhold Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
German Health ◽  
Kiggs Study ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Data on the relation between moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and behavioral disorders are inconsistent, and this raises new questions. We examined (1) the association between moderate PAE and problem behaviors and (2) whether these associations differed by levels of socioeconomic status (SES), fetal smoke exposure, or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Data were taken from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study. Parents evaluated children’s behaviors using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results showed a slight, but insignificant, increase of problem behaviors in children with moderate PAE. In 3- to 6-year-olds, PAE had a stronger effect on hyperactivity/inattention in combination with fetal smoke exposure (odds ratio = 2.82), than did PAE alone. Effects were not stronger in low-SES children, but they were stronger in children with ETS. We conclude that moderate PAE might have adverse effects on neurodevelopment, with stronger effects in disadvantaged populations. To confirm our preliminary findings, further research should be conducted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document