Human error quantification using performance shaping factors in the SPAR-H method

Safety is the eternal theme in shipping industry. Research shows that human error is the main reason of maritime accidents. Therefore, it is very necessary to research marine human errors, to discuss the contexts which caused human errors and how the contexts effect human behavior. Based on the detailed investigation of human errors in collision avoidance behavior which is the most key mission in navigation and the Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs), human reliability of mariners in collision avoidance was analyzed by using the integration of APJE and SLIM. Result shows that this combined method is effective and can be used for the research of maritime human reliability.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING HUMAN RELIABILITY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS COOLED REACTOR OPERATION

JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA ◽

10.17146/tdm.2016.18.3.3017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

Sigit Santoso

Keyword(s):

Human Error ◽

Time Variable ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Control Room ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Operator Performance ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Machine Interface ◽

High Temperature Gas

ABSTRACT Operator roles and intervene actions on the operation of gas cooled reactor would be different compared to their roles in other reactor types. Analysis of operator performance and the influencing factors can be conducted comprehensively in Human Reliability Analysis (HRA). Using HRA, the impact of human errors on the system and the ways to reduce human error impact and frequency can be idenfified. The paper discusses factors influencing reactor operator performance to response to the cooling accident of the high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR). Analysis and qualification of influencing factors, which are performance shaping factors (PSF), were conducted based on time reliability curve and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM). Based on time reliability curve, results showed that time variable contributes to the improvement of operator performance (PSF<1), especially when the safety features of the system properly work as in the design. Based on CREAM, it can be identified that in addition to the time variable, human machine interface design and sufficiently training also contribute to the improvement of operator performance. This study found that total PSF equals to 0.25, in which the positive dominant factor is time variable whose PSF is 0.01 and the negative dominant factors are procedure and working cycle whose PSF is 5. Those PSF values reflected the multiplier factors to the human error probability. The analysis of performance shaping factors should be developed on the other operation and accident scenarios of HTGRs prior to be further applied for a comprehensive assessment and analysis of human reliability and for the design of human machine interface system at control room. Keywords: PSF, HTGR, human operator, control room, human reliability ABSTRAK Peran dan tindakan operator pada reaktor berpendingin gas akan berbeda dengan peran operator pada operasi tipe reaktor lain. Analisis unjuk kerja operator dan faktor yang berpengaruh dapat dilakukan secara komprehensif melalui analisis keandalan manusia(HRA). Melalui HRA dampak dari kesalahan manusia pada sistem maupun cara untuk mengurangi dampak dan frekuensi kesalahan dapat diketahui. Makalah membahas faktor yang berpengaruh pada tindakan operator, yaitu pada kejadian kecelakaan pendingin reaktor gas bersuhu tinggi-HTGR. Analisis untuk kualifikasi faktor pembentuk kinerja(PSF) dilakukan berdasarkan kurva keandalan fungsi waktu, dan metode keandalan manusia yang dikembangkan berdasar pada aspek kognitif yaitu Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM). Hasil analisis berdasar kurva keandalan fungsi waktu menunjukkan komponen waktu berkontribusi positif pada peningkatan keandalan operator (PSF<1) pada kondisi semua fitur keselamatan berfungsi sesuai rancangan. Sedangkan pada metoda analisis dengan pendekatan kognitif CREAM diketahui selain faktor ketersediaan waktu, faktor pelatihan dan rancangan HMI juga berkontribusi meningkatkan keandalan operator. Faktor pembentuk kinerja keseluruhan diketahui sebesar 0,25 dengan faktor kontribusi positif dominan atau berpengaruh pada penurunan kesalahan manusia adalah ketersediaan waktu (PSF=0,01), dan faktor kontribusi negatif dominan adalah prosedur dan siklus kerja (PSF=5). Nilai PSF tersebut sebagai faktor pengali dalam perhitungan probabilitas kesalahan manusia. Analisis faktor pembentuk kinerja perlu dikembangkan pada skenario kejadian lain untuk selanjutnya digunakan untuk perhitungan dan analisis keandalan manusia yang komprehensif dan perancangan sistem interaksi manusia mesin di ruang kendali. Kata kunci: PSF, HTGR, operator, ruang kendali, keandalan manusia

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Assessing Human Reliability Behaviour from Use of Technology for Ships Navigating within Coastal Water

Transportation Systems and Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8473-7.ch058 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1141-1153

Author(s):

Oladokun Sulaiman Olanrewaju

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Coastal Water ◽

Human Error ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Human Errors ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Guidelines And Standards

The traditional approach to the study of human factors in the maritime field involves the analysis of accidents without considering human factor reliability analysis. The main approaches being used to analyze human errors are statistical approach and probability theory approach. Another suitable approach to the study of human factors in the maritime industry is the quasi-experimental field study where variations in performance (for example attention) can be observed as a function of natural variations in performance shaping factors. This chapter analyzes result of modelling for human error and human reliability emanating from the use of technology on board ship navigation in coastal water areas by using qualitative and quantitative tools. Accident reports from marine department are used as empirical material for quantitative analysis. The literature on safety is based on common themes of accidents, the influence of human error resulting from technology usage design, accident reports from MAIB, and interventions information are used for qualitative assessment. Human reliability assessment involves analysis of accidents in waterways emanating from human-technology factors. The chapter reports enhancement requirement of the methodological issues with previous research study, monitoring, and deduces recommendations for technology modification of the human factors necessary to improve maritime safety performance. The result presented can contribute to rule making and safety management leading to the development of guidelines and standards for human reliability risk management for ships navigating within inland and coastal waters.

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A Study on Performance Shaping Factors of Human Error in Toxic Gas Facilities

Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas ◽

10.7842/kigas.2014.18.4.68 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 68-75

Author(s):

Youngran Kim ◽

Seo-Il Jang ◽

Dongil Shin ◽

Tae-Ok Kim ◽

Kyoshik Park

Keyword(s):

Human Error ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Toxic Gas

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Analysis and Estimation of Human Errors From Major Accident Investigation Reports

ASCE-ASME J Risk and Uncert in Engrg Sys Part B Mech Engrg ◽

10.1115/1.4044796 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Caroline Morais ◽

Raphael Moura ◽

Michael Beer ◽

Edoardo Patelli

Keyword(s):

Human Error ◽

Human Performance ◽

Accident Investigation ◽

Human Reliability Analysis ◽

Human Errors ◽

Near Misses ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Major Accident ◽

Using Data ◽

Error Probabilities

Abstract Risk analyses require proper consideration and quantification of the interaction between humans, organization, and technology in high-hazard industries. Quantitative human reliability analysis approaches require the estimation of human error probabilities (HEPs), often obtained from human performance data on different tasks in specific contexts (also known as performance shaping factors (PSFs)). Data on human errors are often collected from simulated scenarios, near-misses report systems, and experts with operational knowledge. However, these techniques usually miss the realistic context where human errors occur. The present research proposes a realistic and innovative approach for estimating HEPs using data from major accident investigation reports. The approach is based on Bayesian Networks used to model the relationship between performance shaping factors and human errors. The proposed methodology allows minimizing the expert judgment of HEPs, by using a strategy that is able to accommodate the possibility of having no information to represent some conditional dependencies within some variables. Therefore, the approach increases the transparency about the uncertainties of the human error probability estimations. The approach also allows identifying the most influential performance shaping factors, supporting assessors to recommend improvements or extra controls in risk assessments. Formal verification and validation processes are also presented.

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A Study of Expert Judgment on Human Error Probability

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1518/107118188786761938 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 32 (15) ◽

pp. 954-957

Author(s):

Bernhard Zimolong ◽

Barbara Stolte

Keyword(s):

Flexible Manufacturing ◽

Human Error ◽

Calibration Equation ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Missing Data Problem ◽

Subjective Estimation ◽

Error Probabilities ◽

Reliability Measurement ◽

Human Error Probability

An experiment was conducted to derive empirically human error probabilities from a task performed under 12 different conditions. The task was to control a simulated flexible manufacturing scenario (FMS) under three Performance Shaping Factors (PSF): Incentive, workload and event frequency of breakdowns. Six experts with background in human factors assess the relative contribution of each PSF in affecting the likelihood of failure with the multi attribute decomposition technique. The conversion of the assessment values to probabilities was achieved by the use of an empirically derived calibration equation. Results indicate a poor match of empirical HEPs and their estimates and increase the doubts that subjective estimation is a solution to the missing data problem in reliability measurement.

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