Distributed situation awareness in command and control: A case study in the energy distribution domain

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

Distributed Situation Awareness in Command and Control: A Case Study in the Energy Distribution Domain

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals How to use Voluntary, Self-Regulatory and Alernative Environmental Compliance Tools: Some Lessons Learnt

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Johan N Nel ◽  
Jan-Albert Wessels
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Environmental Management Systems ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Legal Compliance ◽  
Environmental Enforcement ◽  
Enforcement Effort ◽  
Framework Conditions ◽  
And Control

A number of alternative environmental enforcement tools are available that may be used to enhance the environmental enforcement effort in South Africa.  Current debate focuses on which tools work effectively and the reasons for their success.  The debate is however dominated by issues concerning policy challenges, such as the adoption of alternative tools and necessary arrangements to ensure these tools contribute to overall environmental enforcement performance.  In order to contribute to the debate and stimulate further debate, this article offers a typology of alternative enforcement tool categories, lists the generally argued benefits and disadvantages of both command and control approaches and alternative enforcement tools, offers framework conditions for the successful adoption and use of some of the enforcement tools, and explores empirical and other evidence to determine whether environmental management systems are adequately able to drive sustained and consistent legal compliance.  A South African case study is also presented to illustrate the manner in which a combination of alternative enforcement tools may be integrated with command and control tools to ensure consistent and sustained legal compliance.

scholarly journals A discussion on the resilience of command and control regulation within regulatory behavior theories

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
K.P.V. O’Sullivan ◽  
Darragh Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
Behavior Theories ◽  
And Control

This paper provides the first insights into the factors that may drive the resilience of command and control regulation in modern policy making. We show how the forces of uncertainty and internal dynamics among customers, producers and regulators are the most dominate factors preventing the adoption of non-CAC regulations. Using case study evidence of internet regulation, we then integrate our analysis into the most prominent regulatory choice behavior theories and illustrate that regardless of the theory, these factors can help explain the dominance of command and control as a choice of regulation.

Toward Developing Situation Awareness Evaluation Strategies for Command and Control Environments

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
Laura G. Militello ◽  
Laurie L. Quill ◽  
Kelly M. Vinson ◽  
Mona T. Stilson ◽  
Megan E. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Evaluation Strategies ◽  
And Control

Digital technologies and the balance between control and empowerment in performance management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik Bådsvik Hamre Korsen ◽  
Marte Daae-Qvale Holmemo ◽  
Jonas A. Ingvaldsen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control

Purpose This paper aims to explore how manufacturing organisations’ performance measurement and management (PMM) systems are evolving when digital technologies (DTs) are deployed. It focusses on the operational level, asking whether DTs are used to promote command-and-control or empowerment-oriented performance management. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on a single case study from a department of a Norwegian electrochemical plant. The department recently implemented a performance measurement system (PMS) supported by DTs to capture, analyse and visualise close-to-real-time performance data on individuals and teams. The authors analysed both the management practices associated with the new PMS and how those related to other PMM-subsystems in the organisation. Findings When seen in isolation, the new PMS was used to promote empowerment and operators reported a significant increase in perceived psychological empowerment. However, other parts of the organisation’s PMM system remained control-oriented, so that the overall balance between control and empowerment remained stable. Practical implications New PMSs might be added to support local needs and create arenas for empowerment without disturbing the overall balance in the PMM system. Originality/value Building on the insights from the case study, the authors propose that DTs may be deployed to promote both command-and-control and empowerment within different PMM subsystems in the same organisation. Hence, the deployment of DTs is likely to have contradictory effects, which are best understood through a “system of systems” perspective on PMMs.

The Impact of Information Integration in a Simulation of Future Submarine Command and Control

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110458
Author(s):  
Steph Michailovs ◽  
Stephen Pond ◽  
Megan Schmitt ◽  
Jessica Irons ◽  
Matthew Stoker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Control Rooms ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Operator Workload

Objective Examine the extent to which increasing information integration across displays in a simulated submarine command and control room can reduce operator workload, improve operator situation awareness, and improve team performance. Background In control rooms, the volume and number of sources of information are increasing, with the potential to overwhelm operator cognitive capacity. It is proposed that by distributing information to maximize relevance to each operator role (increasing information integration), it is possible to not only reduce operator workload but also improve situation awareness and team performance. Method Sixteen teams of six novice participants were trained to work together to combine data from multiple sensor displays to build a tactical picture of surrounding contacts at sea. The extent that data from one display were available to operators at other displays was manipulated (information integration) between teams. Team performance was assessed as the accuracy of the generated tactical picture. Results Teams built a more accurate tactical picture, and individual team members had better situation awareness and lower workload, when provided with high compared with low information integration. Conclusion A human-centered design approach to integrating information in command and control settings can result in lower workload, and enhanced situation awareness and team performance. Application The design of modern command and control rooms, in which operators must fuse increasing volumes of complex data from displays, may benefit from higher information integration based on a human-centered design philosophy, and a fundamental understanding of the cognitive work that is carried out by operators.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document