Does strategy use mediate age-related differences in associative memory?

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Dunlosky ◽  
Christopher Hertzog
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushi Patel

Cross-cultural research suggests that individualistic Americans have a tendency to process focal objects; in contrast, collectivist Asians have a tendency to bind objects and context (Park & Huang, 2010). However, little is known whether the reported cultural differences are moderated by cultural orientation. In light of these results and the well-reported age-related decline in binding abilities, the current study examined cultural and age differences in cultural orientation, spatial memory and strategy use with young and older Canadian and Indian adults. There was little difference between Canadian and Indian participants’ cultural orientation. While cultural orientation did not moderate the relationship between culture and spatial memory, spatial memory and strategy use differed as a function of age. The use of context-specific strategies resulted in performance gains in older adults, however overall older adults had poor spatial memory, with Indian older adults scoring significantly lower than Canadian older adults on the courtyard task.


2020 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 107204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Yin Huan ◽  
Kun-Peng Liu ◽  
Xu Lei ◽  
Jing Yu

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 117223
Author(s):  
Deborah Talamonti ◽  
Catharine A. Montgomery ◽  
Dan P.A. Clark ◽  
Davide Bruno

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya L. Rosen ◽  
Margaret A. Sheridan ◽  
Kelly A. Sambrook ◽  
Matthew R. Peverill ◽  
Andrew N. Meltzoff ◽  
...  

Associative learning underlies the formation of new episodic memories. Associative memory improves across development, and this age-related improvement is supported by the development of the hippocampus and pFC. Recent work, however, additionally suggests a role for visual association cortex in the formation of associative memories. This study investigated the role of category-preferential visual processing regions in associative memory across development using a paired associate learning task in a sample of 56 youths (age 6–19 years). Participants were asked to bind an emotional face with an object while undergoing fMRI scanning. Outside the scanner, participants completed a memory test. We first investigated age-related changes in neural recruitment and found linear age-related increases in activation in lateral occipital cortex and fusiform gyrus, which are involved in visual processing of objects and faces, respectively. Furthermore, greater activation in these visual processing regions was associated with better subsequent memory for pairs over and above the effect of age and of hippocampal and pFC activation on performance. Recruitment of these visual processing regions mediated the association between age and memory performance, over and above the effects of hippocampal activation. Taken together, these findings extend the existing literature to suggest that greater recruitment of category-preferential visual processing regions during encoding of associative memories is a neural mechanism explaining improved memory across development.


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