Effects of movement time and time to visual feedback on prism adaptation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon M. Redding ◽  
Benjamin Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Prism Adaptation

Visual Discordance Cues Induce Prism Adaptation in Normal Monkeys

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-693
Author(s):  
Mark H. Healy ◽  
David Symmes ◽  
Ayub K. Ommaya
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Head Movement ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Prism Adaptation ◽  
Rapid Adaptation

Contrary to previous reports, adaptation to laterally displaced visual input does require visual perception of the visuomotor mismatch. Using 4 rhesus monkeys as Ss, it was found that reaching errors induced by wearing 20 diopter wedge prisms remained at optically predicted magnitudes for 24 hr., provided that no visual misreaching cues were available. Unrestricted head movement did not provide such cues. However, terminal viewing of the prism induced reaching errors produced dramatic, rapid adaptation. Tactile and proprioceptive discordance cues alone, without visual feedback, were not corrective.

Three timescales in prism adaptation

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Inoue ◽  
Motoaki Uchimura ◽  
Ayaka Karibe ◽  
Jacinta O'Shea ◽  
Yves Rossetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Prism Adaptation ◽  
State Model ◽  
Prism Exposure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Three State Model ◽  
Two State Model ◽  
Adaptation Task ◽  
Plos Biol

It has been proposed that motor adaptation depends on at least two learning systems, one that learns fast but with poor retention and another that learns slowly but with better retention (Smith MA, Ghazizadeh A, Shadmehr R. PLoS Biol 4: e179, 2006). This two-state model has been shown to account for a range of behavior in the force field adaptation task. In the present study, we examined whether such a two-state model could also account for behavior arising from adaptation to a prismatic displacement of the visual field. We first confirmed that an “adaptation rebound,” a critical prediction of the two-state model, occurred when visual feedback was deprived after an adaptation-extinction episode. We then examined the speed of decay of the prism aftereffect (without any visual feedback) after repetitions of 30, 150, and 500 trials of prism exposure. The speed of decay decreased with the number of exposure trials, a phenomenon that was best explained by assuming an “ultraslow” system, in addition to the fast and slow systems. Finally, we compared retention of aftereffects 24 h after 150 or 500 trials of exposure: retention was significantly greater after 500 than 150 trials. This difference in retention could not be explained by the two-state model but was well explained by the three-state model as arising from the difference in the amount of adaptation of the “ultraslow process.” These results suggest that there are not only fast and slow systems but also an ultraslow learning system in prism adaptation that is activated by prolonged prism exposure of 150–500 trials.

Probabilistic models of state estimation predict visuomotor transformations during prism adaptation

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAKI YAMAMOTO ◽  
HIROSHI ANDO
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Prism Adaptation ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Target Condition ◽  
Time Condition ◽  
Kalman Gain

AbstractThis study aims to create a prediction model for state-space estimation and to elucidate the required information processing for identifying an external space in prism adaptation. Subjects were 57 healthy students. The subjects were instructed to rapidly perform reaching movements to one of the randomly illuminating light-emitting diode lights. Their movements were measured while wearing prism glasses and after removing that. We provided the following four conditions and control. In target condition, reaching error distance was visually fed back to the subject. In trajectory condition, the trajectory of fingertip movement could be seen, and the final reaching error was not fed back. Two restricted visual feedback conditions were prepared based on a different presentation timing (on-time and late-time conditions). We set up a linear parametric model and an estimation model using Kalman filtering. The goodness of fit between the estimated and observed values in each model was examined using Akaike information criterion (AIC). AIC would be one way to evaluate two models with different number of parameters. In the control, the value of AIC was 179.0 and 154.0 for the linear model and Kalman filtering, respectively, while these values were 173.6 and 161.1 for the target condition, 202.8 and 159.7 for the trajectory condition, 192.7 and 180.8 for the on-time condition, and 206.9 and 174.0 for the late-time condition. Kalman gain in the control was 0.07–0.26. Kalman gain relies on the prior estimation distribution when its value is below 0.5. Kalman gain in the trajectory and late-time conditions was 0.03–0.60 and 0.08–0.95, respectively. The Kalman filter, a state estimation model based on Bayesian theory, expressed the dynamics of the internal model under uncertain feedback information better than the linear parametric model. The probabilistic estimation model can clearly simulate state estimation according to the reliability of the visual feedback.

The effects of movement distance and movement time on visual feedback processing in aimed hand movements

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard N. Zelaznik ◽  
Brian Hawkins ◽  
Lorraine Kisselburgh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Movement Distance

Effect of Variable Visual-Feedback Delay on Movement Time

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C. Mateo ◽  
Robert H. Gilkey ◽  
Jeffrey L. Cowgill
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Feedback Delay

Prism adaptation of reaching is dependent on the type of visual feedback of hand and target position

2001 ◽  
Vol 905 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A Norris ◽  
Bradley E Greger ◽  
Tod A Martin ◽  
W.Thomas Thach
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Target Position ◽  
Prism Adaptation

The Effects of Obstructions on Arm Movement Time during Reach and Positioning Movements of a Simulated Maintenance Task

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 798-802
Author(s):  
Susan A. Taylor ◽  
Thomas Z. Strybel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Target Locations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fundamental issue of how an obstruction affects movement time during reach and positioning components of a simulated maintenance task. Eight obstruction locations for two target locations provided the experimental manipulation for the study, while movement time was measured as the dependent variable. Data for all the trials were obtained using a three-dimensional magnetic sensing device placed on the back of the subject's hand as he/she moved in space from the starting point to the target in a wooden mockup replicating the work space of a maintainer in an aircraft horizontal stabilizer. Results indicated that movement times increased when the vertical position of the obstruction was within roughly 5.72 cm of the target. Subjects' perceived difficulty in those conditions with longer movement times was attributable more to the inability to see the target during the end of the motion than the lack of positioning space around the target. These findings emphasize the role visual feedback played in a task of this type, and its effect on maintenance procedure times in general.

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