Child Abuse, Dissociation, and Adult Attachment: Mediators and Moderators of Partner Violence

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Sullivan Kalill ◽  
Sheree Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Partner Violence

scholarly journals The Impact of NORTH STAR on Suicidality, Substance Problems, Intimate Partner Violence, and Child Abuse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M Smith Slep ◽  
Richard E Heyman ◽  
Michael F Lorber ◽  
David J Linkh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction We evaluated the effectiveness of New Orientation for Reducing Threats to Health from Secretive-problems That Affect Readiness (NORTH STAR), a community assessment, planning, and action framework to reduce the prevalence of suicidality, substance problems, intimate partner violence, and child abuse. Materials and Methods One-third of U.S. Air Force bases worldwide were randomly assigned to NORTH STAR (n = 12) or an assessment-and-feedback-only condition (n = 12). Two Air Force-wide, cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based surveys were conducted of randomly selected samples assessing risk/protective factors and outcomes. This study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board at the investigators’ university and by the institutional review board at Fort Detrick. Results NORTH STAR, relative to control, bases experienced a 33% absolute risk reduction in hazardous drinking rates and cumulative risk, although, given the small number of bases, these effects were not statistically significant. Conclusions Given its relatively low cost, use of empirically supported light-touch interventions, and emphasis on sustainability with existing resources, NORTH STAR may be a useful system for prevention of a range of adult behavioral health problems that are difficult to impact.

Using a Person-Centered Approach to Identify Patterns of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Child Abuse in Women: Associations With Mental Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952110316
Author(s):  
Bre’Anna L. Free ◽  
Alexandra J. Lipinski ◽  
Rivian K. Lewin ◽  
Rimsha Majeed ◽  
Rebecca J. Zakarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Class Differences

Patterns of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child abuse (CA) were explored in 467 women seeking psychological assistance following IPV. Using latent class analysis, three classes were obtained: women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV, along with childhood physical and sexual abuse (IPV + CA; 38.5%); women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV only (IPV/no CA; 52.9%); and women who had experienced psychological IPV only (Psych IPV only; 8.6%). Associations of class membership with severity of specific mental health conditions were examined, along with the number of diagnosed conditions. Significant between-class differences were noted on severity of IPV-related posttraumatic stress disorder, depressive disorders, alcohol and substance use disorders, and social phobia. Classes also differed significantly on the number of mental health conditions. Understanding patterns of betrayal-based trauma (e.g., IPV and CA) can inform care within agencies that serve IPV survivors by highlighting individuals at-risk for mental health conditions.

scholarly journals School staff perpetration of physical violence against students in Uganda: a multilevel analysis of risk factors

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e015567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine G Merrill ◽  
Louise Knight ◽  
Judith R Glynn ◽  
Elizabeth Allen ◽  
Dipak Naker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Physical Discipline ◽  
Violence Perpetration

ObjectiveTo conduct a multilevel analysis of risk factors for physical violence perpetration by school staff against Ugandan students.DesignMultilevel logistic regression analysis of cross-sectional survey data from 499 staff and 828 caregivers of students at 38 primary schools, collected in 2012 and 2014 during the Good Schools Study.SettingLuwero District, Uganda.Main outcome measurePast-week use of physical violence by school staff against students was measured using the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect 'Child Abuse Screening Tool- Child International' and the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women.ResultsOf 499 staff, 215 (43%) reported perpetration of physical violence against students in the past week. Individual risk factors associated with physical violence perpetration included being a teacher versus another type of staff member (p<0.001), approving of physical discipline practices (p<0.001), having children (p<0.01), being age 30–39 years (p<0.05), using physical violence against non-students (p<0.05) and being a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV) (p<0.05). We observed weak evidence (p=0.06) that male staff members who had been a victim of IPV showed higher odds of violence perpetration compared with male staff who had not been a victim of IPV. No evidence was observed for school- or community-level risk factors.ConclusionsPhysical violence perpetration from school staff is widespread, and interventions are needed to address this issue. Staff who have been victims of violence and who use violence against people other than students may benefit from additional interventions. Researchers should further investigate how school and community contexts influence staff’s physical violence usage, given a lack of associations observed in this study.

Insecure Adult Attachment and Child Maltreatment: A Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla K. M. Lo ◽  
Ko Ling Chan ◽  
Patrick Ip
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Abuse Potential ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Child Abuse Potential ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Extant evidence has shown that insecure adult attachment is related to dysfunctional parenting styles that heighten parents’ risk of child maltreatment. However, there is a lack of studies appraising the evidence for the association between insecure adult attachment and child maltreatment. This meta-analytic study examined the relationship between parents’ adult attachment and child maltreatment perpetration/child abuse potential. Studies examining the relationship between parents’ adult attachment and child maltreatment/child abuse potential published before February 2017 were identified through a systematic search of online databases. In total, 16 studies ( N = 1,830) were selected. Meta-analysis based on random-effects models shows a significant positive association between insecure attachment and child maltreatment (pooled effect size: odds ratio [ OR] = 2.93, p = .000). Subgroup analyses show insecure attachment was more strongly associated with failure to thrive ( OR = 8.04, p = .000) and filicide ( OR = 5.00, p < .05). Medium effect sizes were found for subgroup analyses on insecure romantic attachment ( OR = 3.76, p = .000), general attachment ( OR = 3.38, p = .000), attachment to own child ( OR = 3.13, p = .001), and to own parents ( OR = 2.63, p = .000) in relation to child maltreatment.

scholarly journals Intergenerational transmission of child abuse in Colombia: an analysis of gendered effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Esperanza Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Parental History

A broad range of research literature has studied patterns of intergenerational violence. However, scant research has looked at how those patterns are gendered. This study examines gendered patterns of intergenerational transmission of violence and looks at how gender relates to intimate partner violence and child physical abuse over time. I used a 2015 dataset of 12.915 interviews with Colombian heterosexual couples who were married or living together at the time of the interview. Using factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM), I found, consistent with previous studies, that parental history of child abuse was a predictor of physical child abuse; this is consistent with previous studies. Experiencing physical punishment by one’s parents was a stronger predictor of the use of physical punishment on one’s own children in adulthood than being an observer of partner violence between one’s parents. However, the female observer of parental male-to-female partner abuse was more likely also to be a victim of intimate partner abuse in adulthood, and experiencing physical punishment by one’s parents also predicts a male’s physical victimization. Overall, the results support social learning theory and liberal feminist theory, that gender roles, gender inequality, and power structure are learned, passed from one generation to the next, and perpetuated by family relationships.

Cognitive Appraisal of Child Abuse Among Israeli Inmates: Does Sex Make a Difference?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gila Chen ◽  
Keren Gueta
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Male Inmates

Sex differences in child abuse and neglect (CAN) have long interested researchers due to their adverse impact. Cognitive appraisal of CAN may also affect the negative consequences. The purpose of this study was to assess sex differences in (a) the experience and (b) the cognitive appraisal of CAN among 247 Israeli inmates. The findings indicated that female inmates experienced higher rates of total CAN than male inmates. No significant sex differences were found in physical abuse, emotional neglect, or cognitive appraisal of CAN. However, there were significant sex differences in ranking the significance of different dimensions of cognitive appraisal of CAN. Paternal partner violence was a predictor of CAN and its cognitive appraisal for both sexes; maternal partner violence was a predictor of both among female inmates only. Even when male and female inmates share similar family risk factors, their effects may differ by sex. Possible clinical implications are discussed.

Adult Attachment as a Risk Factor for Intimate Partner Violence

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Doumas ◽  
Christine L. Pearson ◽  
Jenna E. Elgin ◽  
Lisa L. McKinley
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner

Synergistic effects of child abuse and intimate partner violence on depressive symptoms in women

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen T. Fogarty ◽  
Lisa Fredman ◽  
Timothy C. Heeren ◽  
Jane Liebschutz
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intimate Partner
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