Impairment of adult brain neurogenesis alters hippocampus-dependent behavioural tasks without reducing learning ability

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jedynak ◽  
R. K. Filipkowski ◽  
L. Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Adult Brain ◽  
Learning Ability

scholarly journals Lack of cyclin D2 impairing adult brain neurogenesis alters hippocampal-dependent behavioral tasks without reducing learning ability

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Jedynak ◽  
Piotr Jaholkowski ◽  
Grazyna Wozniak ◽  
Carmen Sandi ◽  
Leszek Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Brain ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Cyclin D2 ◽  
Behavioral Tasks

scholarly journals Dlk1 dosage regulates hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. e2015505118
Author(s):  
Raquel Montalbán-Loro ◽  
Glenda Lassi ◽  
Anna Lozano-Ureña ◽  
Ana Perez-Villalba ◽  
Esteban Jiménez-Villalba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Neurogenic Niche ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Inherited Mutations

Neurogenesis in the adult brain gives rise to functional neurons, which integrate into neuronal circuits and modulate neural plasticity. Sustained neurogenesis throughout life occurs in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and is hypothesized to be involved in behavioral/cognitive processes such as memory and in diseases. Genomic imprinting is of critical importance to brain development and normal behavior, and exemplifies how epigenetic states regulate genome function and gene dosage. While most genes are expressed from both alleles, imprinted genes are usually expressed from either the maternally or the paternally inherited chromosome. Here, we show that in contrast to its canonical imprinting in nonneurogenic regions, Delta-like homolog 1 (Dlk1) is expressed biallelically in the SGZ, and both parental alleles are required for stem cell behavior and normal adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. To evaluate the effects of maternally, paternally, and biallelically inherited mutations within the Dlk1 gene in specific behavioral domains, we subjected Dlk1-mutant mice to a battery of tests that dissociate and evaluate the effects of Dlk1 dosage on spatial learning ability and on anxiety traits. Importantly, reduction in Dlk1 levels triggers specific cognitive abnormalities that affect aspects of discriminating differences in environmental stimuli, emphasizing the importance of selective absence of imprinting in this neurogenic niche.

Measuring Word Learning Ability in Sequential Bilingual Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Fong Kan
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Novel Word Learning ◽  
L1 And L2

Abstract The purpose of this article is to look at the word learning skills in sequential bilingual children—children who learn two languages (L1 and L2) at different times in their childhood. Learning a new word is a process of learning a word form and relating this form to a concept. For bilingual children, each concept might need to map onto two word forms (in L1 and in L2). In case studies, I present 3 typically developing Hmong-English bilingual preschoolers' word learning skills in Hmong (L1) and in English (L2) during an 8-week period (4 weeks for each language). The results showed gains in novel-word knowledge in L1 and in L2 when the amount of input is equal for both languages. The individual differences in novel word learning are discussed.

Predicting Affective Cognitions in the Resting Adult Brain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Bush ◽  
Anthony Privratsky ◽  
Clinton Kilts
Keyword(s):  
Adult Brain

Role of melatonin in regulating neurogenesis: Implications for the neurodegenerative pathology and analogous therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuri Shukla ◽  
Areechun Sotthibundhu ◽  
Piyarat Govitrapong
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation

The revelation of adult brain exhibiting neurogenesis has established that the brain possesses great plasticity and that neurons could be spawned in the neurogenic zones where hippocampal adult neurogenesis attributes to learning and memory processes. With strong implications in brain functional homeostasis, aging and cognition, various aspects of adult neurogenesis reveal exuberant mechanistic associations thereby further aiding in facilitating the therapeutic approaches regarding the development of neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Impaired neurogenesis has been significantly evident in AD with compromised hippocampal function and cognitive deficits. Melatonin the pineal indolamine augments neurogenesis and has been linked to AD development as its levels are compromised with disease progression. Here, in this review, we discuss and appraise the mechanisms via which melatonin regulates neurogenesis in pathophysiological conditions which would unravel the molecular basis in such conditions and its role in endogenous brain repair. Also, its components as key regulators of neural stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in the embryonic and adult brain would aid in accentuating the therapeutic implications of this indoleamine in line of prevention and treatment of AD.   

1H MR Spectroscopic Patterns of Normal Adult Brain

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Chan Song ◽  
Kee Hyun Chang ◽  
Kwan Hong Min ◽  
Dong Sung Kim ◽  
Moon Hee Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Brain ◽  
Normal Adult
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