Inhibitory Control Mechanisms of Balanced and Unbalanced Bilinguals in Language Production

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Van Assche ◽  
Wouter Duyck ◽  
Tamar H. Gollan
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Inhibitory Control Mechanisms

Inhibitory Control of Information in Memory Across Domains

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-453
Author(s):  
M. Teresa Bajo ◽  
Carlos J. Gómez-Ariza ◽  
Alejandra Marful
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Behavioral Signature

Knowledge in memory is vast and not always relevant to the task at hand. Recent views suggest that the human cognitive system has evolved so that it includes goal-driven control mechanisms to regulate the level of activation of specific pieces of knowledge and make distracting or unwanted information in memory less accessible. This operation is primarily directed to facilitate the use of task-relevant knowledge. However, these control processes may also have side effects on performance in a variety of situations when the task at hand partly relies on access to suppressed information. In this article, we show that various types of information to be used in a variety of different contexts (problem solving, decision making based on personal information, language production) may be the target of inhibitory control. We also show that the control process may leave a behavioral signature if suppressed information turns out to be relevant shortly after being suppressed.

Unraveling action selection and inhibitory control mechanisms in a striatal microcircuit model

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Salva Ardid ◽  
Jason Sherfey ◽  
Michelle M. McCarthy ◽  
Joachim Hass ◽  
Nancy Kopell
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Action Selection ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Inhibitory Control Mechanisms

CHRM2 Genotype Affects Inhibitory Control Mechanisms During Cognitive Flexibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 6134-6141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Zink ◽  
Wiebke Bensmann ◽  
Larissa Arning ◽  
Ann-Kathrin Stock ◽  
Christian Beste
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Inhibitory Control Mechanisms

scholarly journals The effect of pain conditioning on experimentally evoked cough: evidence of impaired endogenous inhibitory control mechanisms in refractory chronic cough

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 2001387
Author(s):  
Emma Hilton ◽  
Imran Satia ◽  
Kimberley Holt ◽  
Ashley A. Woodcock ◽  
John Belcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Noxious Cold ◽  
Inhibitory Control Mechanisms

The pathophysiology of refractory chronic cough (RCC) is unclear. We hypothesised that endogenous inhibitory control mechanisms, such as those activated by noxious stimuli inducing pain (conditioned pain modulation) may be capable of inhibiting coughing and urge to cough evoked by inhaled capsaicin. Furthermore, these mechanisms may be impaired in patients with RCC.The objective was to investigate the effects of pain on cough and urge to cough in healthy volunteers and RCC patients. Healthy volunteers and RCC patients underwent a randomised, controlled, four-way crossover study comparing the effect of four interventions on capsaicin-evoked coughing and urge to cough. The interventions comprised immersing a hand in 1) noxious cold water; 2) warm water; 3) warm water, but subjects were instructed to voluntarily supress coughing; and 4) no intervention. The co-primary outcomes were numbers of evoked coughs and urge to cough scores.20 healthy volunteers (mean±sd age 50.1±14.2 years, male:female 10:10) and 20 RCC patients (age 60.1±7.9 years, male:female 9:11) participated. Overall, noxious cold water reduced capsaicin-evoked urge-to-cough scores and cough numbers compared with warm water (1.6 (95% CI 1.3–2.0) versus 2.2 (1.8–2.6), p<0.001 and 4.8 (3.7–6.2) coughs versus 7.9 (6.7–9.5) coughs, p<0.001, respectively). Healthy volunteers and RCC patients demonstrated similar reductions in the urge to cough during noxious cold-water immersion, but noxious cold water and voluntary suppression interventions were less effective at reducing capsaicin-evoked cough in RCC patients than in healthy volunteers (p=0.041).Endogenous inhibitory control mechanisms, specifically those activated by pain, can reduce both coughing and the urge to cough. Impairment of endogenous inhibitory control mechanisms may contribute to excessive coughing in RCC.

Language switching in bilingual speech production

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Schwieter ◽  
Gretchen Sunderman
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
English Dominant ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Selective Mechanism ◽  
Inhibitory Control Mechanisms

Recent research on language production suggests that bilinguals shift from using inhibitory control mechanisms to a language-specific selective mechanism during development (Costa, Santesteban, & Ivanova, 2006). Costa et al. argue that the robustness of the L2 lexical representations may be critical to the functionality of a language-specific selective mechanism. Accordingly, in the present study we measured the lexical robustness of a group of 54 English dominant learners of Spanish using a verbal fluency task and investigated its effect on their performance in a picture-naming task with language switches. The results suggest that L2 lexical robustness predicts the shift to a language-specific selective mechanism during speech production. Moreover, we demonstrate a specific threshold of lexical robustness necessary to engage the mechanism.

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