Examining the Role of Illness Schemas in Health Care Disparities across Race Groups: A Meta-Analysis

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya N. Iyer ◽  
E. Kiernan Mcgorty ◽  
Jennifer S. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals The Efficacy of an Antioppression Curriculum for Health Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Wu ◽  
Lamercie Saint-Hilaire ◽  
Andrew Pineda ◽  
Danielle Hessler ◽  
George W. Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Skill Building

Background and Objectives: Health professionals increasingly recognize the role that social determinants play in health disparities. However, little focus is placed on how health care professionals themselves contribute to disparities through biased care. We have developed a curriculum based on an antioppression framework which encourages health professionals to evaluate their biases and combat health care disparities through an active process of allyship. Methods: Teaching methods emphasize skill building and include lectures, guided reflections, and facilitated discussions. Pre- and postsurveys were administered to assess participants’ confidence level to recognize unconscious bias and to be an ally to colleagues, patients, and staff. In total, we conducted 20 workshops with a total of 468 participants across multiple disciplines. Results: The survey response rate was 80%. Using a paired t-test, the mean difference in the pre- and postsurveys revealed a statistically significant improvement across all measures. Participants showed the greatest improvements (large effect size d>0.8) in their understanding of the process of allyship, their ability to describe strategies to address, assess, and recognize unconscious bias, and their knowledge of managing situations in which prejudice, power, and privilege are involved. Conclusions: Results show that an antioppression curriculum can enhance health professionals’ confidence in addressing bias in health care through allyship. For those who value social justice and equity, moving from the role of bystander to a place of awareness and solidarity allows for one’s behaviors to mirror these values. Allyship is an accessible tool that all health professionals can use in order to facilitate this process.

The Role of VA Community Care in Addressing Health and Health Care Disparities

Medical Care ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. S4-S5
Author(s):  
Baligh R. Yehia ◽  
Clinton L. Greenstone ◽  
Christina B. Hosenfeld ◽  
Kameron L. Matthews ◽  
Laurie C. Zephyrin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Community Care

Prioritizing Diversity in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery: Starting a Conversation

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982096072
Author(s):  
Carl M. Truesdale ◽  
Reginald F. Baugh ◽  
Michael J. Brenner ◽  
Myriam Loyo ◽  
Uchechukwu C. Megwalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Underrepresented Minorities ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Resident Selection

Academic centers embody the ideals of otolaryngology and are the specialty’s port of entry. Building a diverse otolaryngology workforce—one that mirrors society—is critical. Otolaryngology continues to have an underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities. The specialty must therefore redouble efforts, becoming more purposeful in mentoring, recruiting, and retaining underrepresented minorities. Many programs have never had residents who are Black, Indigenous, or people of color. Improving narrow, leaky, or absent pipelines is a moral imperative, both to mitigate health care disparities and to help build a more just health care system. Diversity supports the tripartite mission of patient care, education, and research. This commentary explores diversity in otolaryngology with attention to the salient role of academic medical centers. Leadership matters deeply in such efforts, from culture to finances. Improving outreach, taking a holistic approach to resident selection, and improving mentorship and sponsorship complement advances in racial disparities to foster diversity.

scholarly journals The role of ophthalmology departments in overcoming health care disparities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Salowe ◽  
Prithvi Sankar ◽  
Eydie Miller-Ellis ◽  
Maxwell Pistilli ◽  
Gui-shuang Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
African American ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Patient Relationships

Ophthalmology departments can play a unique role in providing care for at-risk patients. This study analyzed the age, gender,and socioeconomic measures for 267,286 unique African American patients seen at University of Pennsylvania Health System (UPHS). Patients seen by the Ophthalmology Department (n=33,801) were older and more likely to be from impoverished zipcodes than those seen by other UPHS specialists. These results hint at several inherent advantages of ophthalmology departmentsin recruiting older, disadvantaged patients to their clinics. We found that supplementing this advantage with strong patient relationships, involvement of community leaders, and customized outreach efforts was key to overcoming access-to-care issues and to reaching these patients. This provides ophthalmologists with a unique opportunity to capture and refer systemic conditions with ocular manifestations and to possibly reduce disparities such as post-hospitalization readmission and mortality observed disproportionately in impoverished populations.

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