Religious Orientation, Situational Demands, and Social Desirability as Predictors of Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbians

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheri L. Atkins ◽  
Matthew K. Berent
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Situational Demands

Subjects’ Religious Orientation, Counselor'S Orientation and Skill, and Expectations for Counseling

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony C. Godwin ◽  
Joyce G. Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Partial Replication ◽  
Christian Counseling ◽  
Undergraduate Psychology ◽  
High Skill

The present study is a partial replication of Pecnik and Epperson's (1985a) study of expectations for Christian counseling versus counseling of an unspecified orientation, with the additional aim of clarifying the possible impact of counselor skill and social desirability upon these expectations. Undergraduate psychology students read one of four profiles of a counselor: Christian orientation, high skill; Christian orientation, unspecified skill; unspecified orientation, high skill; unspecified orientation, unspecified skill. These subjects, designated as Christian and non-Christian, rated the counselor profile on 19 variables related to counseling. In comparison to non-Christians, Christian subjects in general give higher ratings to the counselor regardless of the counselor's religious orientation. Non-Christian subjects rated the high skill counselor lower on several expectancy scales than Christian subjects did. No support was lent to the contentions that counselors with a Christian orientation are viewed as less expert than counselors in general or that social desirability can account for Christians’ higher expectations for counseling. Instead Christians may view counseling more positively.

Social desirability and response to perceived situational demands.

1961 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marlow ◽  
Douglas P. Crowne
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Situational Demands

The Illusion of Political Tolerance: Social Desirability and Self-Reported Voting Preferences

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazmin L. Brown-Iannuzzi ◽  
Maxine B. Najle ◽  
Will M. Gervais
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Political Tolerance ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Political Candidate ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Direct Measures

Tolerance for diversity in America is often indexed by direct measures, such as self-reported “willingness to vote” polls. However, pressures to be or appear unprejudiced may bias such estimates, yielding misleading and overly optimistic inferences about tolerance in America. The current research investigated the degree to which direct and indirect measures of political candidate preferences converge and diverge across six target groups varying in acceptability of stigmatization (atheists, African Americans, Catholics, gay men and lesbians, Muslims, and women) and across relevant participant demographics. Overall, participants ( N = 3,000, nationally representative) reported less willingness to vote for target groups when measured indirectly, relative to directly. Additionally, the divergence between the direct and indirect measures was especially evident for social groups for which overt stigmatization is normatively inappropriate. This research provides a vital benchmark that quantifies the gulf between the direct and indirect measures of tolerance for various oft-stigmatized groups in America.

Predicting Attitudes towards Lesbians and Gay Men: The Effects of Social Conservatism, Religious Orientation, and Cultural Humility

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Elise Choe ◽  
Emily Srisarajivakul ◽  
Don E. Davis ◽  
Cirleen DeBlaere ◽  
Daryl R. Van Tongeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Cultural Humility ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Lgbt Issues ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Social Conservatism

This study explores the role cultural humility plays in attitudes and discrimination towards people identifying as gay or lesbian among religious individuals. Specifically, we explore cultural humility as a possible predictor of less discriminatory attitudes towards lesbians and gay men above and beyond the effects of conservatism and religious orientation. Consistent with prior work, we expected that (a) intrinsic religious orientation, extrinsic religious orientation, and conservatism would be positively related to discriminatory attitudes and (b) that quest religious orientation and cultural humility would be negatively related to discriminatory attitudes. Participants ( N = 231) were recruited through MTurk after the 2016 Pulse Nightclub shooting in Orlando, Florida to understand the attitudes and experiences held by Americans. Participants completed measures of religious orientation, attitudes, and behaviors towards lesbians and gay men, and cultural humility regarding LGBT issues. Results supported the hypothesis that cultural humility predicts less discrimination towards lesbians and gay men beyond conservatism and religious orientation. Results, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

Empathy, Religious Orientation, and Social Desirability

1984 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Watson ◽  
Ralph W. Hood ◽  
Ronald J. Morris ◽  
James R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Religious Orientation

scholarly journals A second look at religious orientation, social desirability, and prejudice

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Morris ◽  
Ralph W. Hood ◽  
P. J. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Second Look

scholarly journals Contextual Prejudice: How Occupational Context and Stereotypes Shape Bias against Gay and Lesbian Employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-391
Author(s):  
Emma Mishel
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Gay And Lesbian ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Shape Bias ◽  
List Experiment ◽  
The U.S

While much research provides evidence that gay men and lesbians are discriminated against in the U.S. labor force, the contexts in which such bias is enhanced or reduced, or the mechanisms behind it, are harder to pinpoint. This article puts forth that occupational context—and specifically, the stereotypes about gay men and lesbians evoked by certain occupational contexts—plays an important role in shaping bias against gay men and lesbians in the labor force. I argue that people are implicitly guided by cultural stereotypes about gay men and lesbians, which affects perceptions about whether they are suitable for specific occupations. This leads to penalties for being openly gay or lesbian in some occupational scenarios, but may lead to less or no penalties in others. This theory is tested empirically using a list experiment, a methodological technique designed to reduce or eliminate social desirability bias in responses. Results suggest that bias against gay men and lesbians is not standard across all occupations or subgroups of gay employees, but rather, is shaped by important contextual factors that can activate certain stereotypes about gay and lesbian individuals.

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