Early Detection and Surgery for Melanoma in Lymph Nodes May Increase Survival

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Lymph Nodes

Early detection of lower GI tract tumors by dedicated assessment of the colon on routine computed tomography (CT) imaging: An observational study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 510-510
Author(s):  
John Chang ◽  
Russell Pluhm ◽  
Ashley Lutrick ◽  
Jessica Guerra ◽  
Phillip Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Early Features

510 Background: We have previously reported that up to 48% of the early features of colorectal cancer (subtle wall thickening, pericolonic stranding, and small lymph nodes in the draining nodal station) were not identified on the original CT abdomen and pelvis (CTAP) reports. This resulted in a 36% decrease in five-year survival based on historical data. In this report, we assessed whether dedicated assessment of the colon on routine CT scans could lead to early detection of colorectal cancer. Methods: 210 CTAPs over a three-month period were screened from the emergency room records at a tertiary care hospital. 194 scans met eligibility. Exclusion criteria included: cases known to the evaluating radiologist and age ≤ 19 or > 89 years. No study was excluded for suboptimal image quality. The original report was reviewed for abnormalities involving the colon, mesentery and bowel and was recorded. A blinded evaluation of the eligible case was then performed by a board-certified radiologist with attention specifically to the colon and the mesentery for the suspicious early features of CRC. The concordance and discordance was then tabulated. Discordant findings were re-evaluated to determine if the discordance was true. Results: 72/194 patients were male, median age 44.5 years (range 20 - 89). 55/194 patients (29.1%) included in the study were noted to have suspicious features. 26 had abnormal lymph nodes, 24 had abnormal colonic wall thickening and 16 had pericolonic stranding and/or wall edema. 45/55 studies were truly discordant from the original interpretation. These included one missed colorectal cancer (confirmed), one likely small bowel neuroendocrine tumor (no follow up), and one likely transitional cell carcinoma of the right renal pelvis (no follow up). Conclusions: Dedicated search of the colon and mesentery on CTAP can identify subtle findings, although their true relevance is being evaluated in a larger future study. Our observational data does indicate that there maybe a potential role for a focused evaluation of the colon and mesentery on routine CTAP in an attempt to potentially increase the rate of cancer detection especially in younger low-average risk patients.

scholarly journals SUN-474 An Unusual Case of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with an Excellent Prognosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Priya Pulipati ◽  
Ambika Pinakini Amblee
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Positive Margins ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Abstract Background: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a rare and aggressive subtype with morphological/behavioral features between differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Clinical case: A 43-year-old female presented with 3 cm right thyroid mass noted on US neck. FNA biopsy showed undifferentiated carcinoma, large cell type. Additional immune-stains were suggestive of ATC. Pre-surgery non-stimulated thyroglobulin (NSTG) was 311 (RR 0–55 ng/dl). Pathology post-total thyroidectomy with bilateral level VI lymph node dissection showed a 3.2 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm carcinoma with vascular and capsular invasion. Most of the mass consisted of very atypical pleomorphic cells, mitosis was difficult to find. The tumor did not show the widely invasive-destructive pattern commonly seen in ATC. An adjacent differentiated component showed predominantly follicular pattern and was described as dedifferentiated follicular carcinoma. All lymph nodes were negative for metastatic disease. Post-surgery NSTG was <0.2 (RR <0.1ng/ml as athyreotic), stimulated TG was 2.22 with negative TG antibodies. Four months later, she received 193.5 mCi radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. The post-therapy scan showed no Iodine-131 avid uptake in neck or distant metastasis. Neck imaging and TG levels done periodically showed no structural or biochemical evidence of recurrence. Currently the patient is cancer-free for 14 years since diagnosis with no need for additional therapies. Discussion: PDTC accounts for 1–15% of all thyroid cancers. Although PDTC is rare, it is a clinically significant histological diagnosis as it represents the main cause of death from non-anaplastic follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma. The Turin proposal published in 2007 suggested three criteria for the diagnosis of PDTC which included the pattern of growth and high-grade features. PDTC presents more frequently with locally invasive extra-thyroidal disease, metastasis to regional lymph nodes and distant organs compared to DTC. Despite the capacity to have RAI uptake, there has been no evidence of significant improvement in survival due to tumor heterogeneity in differentiation. Recent data suggest that age more than 45 years, tumor size more than 4cm, extra-thyroidal extension, higher pathological T stage, positive margins, and distant metastasis predict worse prognosis. Conclusion: Our patient showed an excellent response to therapy in spite of having PDTC with positive margins. We hypothesize that this could be likely due to young age at the time of diagnosis, early detection of tumor while it was localized in the thyroid without distant metastasis as well as heterogeneity in the tumor with differentiated cells that are responsive to RAI. We conclude that with early detection, timely surgery, and adjuvant therapy, excellent prognosis can be achieved in patients with PDTC.

Twenty-five year anniversary of a successful rural, community hospital, comprehensive cancer screening program.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12569-e12569
Author(s):  
Shahid Waheed ◽  
Tonya A Linthacum
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Cancer Screening Program

e12569 Background: A 25 year successful comprehensive cancer screening program at a rural community hospital in Mexico, MO, USA, provides a multi-organ cancer detection clinic for asymptomatic women over age of 35. Methods: The Screening Program consists of a Medical Director, day to day oversight by a Family Nurse Practitioner, with nurse practitioner and specialty trained registered nurse examiners. This multi-organ screening program focuses on breast, colon, skin, cervical and prostate cancer early detection. One-hour screening exams for women include detailed cancer risk assessment, prevention education, head-to-toe physical exams including an examination of the skin, clinical breast exam, mammogram, pelvic and Pap test. Additionally, site-specific exams of the abdomen, thyroid, peripheral lymph nodes and rectum are conducted. Male exams include a physical examination of the skin, abdomen, peripheral lymph nodes, thyroid, external genital, digital rectal exam of the prostate and PSA blood education. For all tobacco users, the screening includes an oral examination. Extensive education is provided to participants on prevention modalities, current screening guidelines, and new research findings. Detected abnormalities are referred to the patient’s primary care physician for follow up. A phone call to the patient and the primary care provider four to six weeks after the initial exam obtains the results of the referral visit. Results: 25-year participation rates total 51,223 visits with a ratio of 1 male to 19 females. Return rates over the past year were 94%. 626 cancers have been detected since the inception of the program with 1 breast cancer for every 41 women participating, most identified at early stages. Over 2,500 participants, with a 95% satisfaction rating, from 48 Missouri counties, as well as 21 states of the nation are seen annually for cancer screening. Conclusions: Comprehensive screening programs are effective at decreasing cancer mortality and morbidity through education, prevention, and early detection. Nurse run clinics offer a satisfying, cost effective alternate approach, while continuing to provide competent expertise in the specialized field of cancer prevention.

scholarly journals Early detection of the regional lymph nodes' metastases by biopsy of the guard lymph nodes in melanoma patients - our experience

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Nebojsa Ivanovic ◽  
Natasa Ristic ◽  
Aranka Savic ◽  
Miroslav Granic
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Lymph Nodes Metastases

scholarly journals Ultrasound examination of regional lymph nodes significantly improves early detection of locoregional metastases during the follow-up of patients with cutaneous melanoma

Cancer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 2534-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Blum ◽  
Bettina Schlagenhauff ◽  
Waltraud Stroebel ◽  
Helmut Breuninger ◽  
Gernot Rassner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes

Thyroid Carcinoma

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 363-384
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
Neck Irradiation ◽  
Head And Neck Irradiation

Although thyroid nodules are relatively uncommon findings in the pediatric population, their detection requires careful and thorough evaluation. Several studies indicate that as many as one third of all nodules found may represent malignancies. While this incidence compares favorably with studies from the era of head and neck irradiation for tonsilar or thymic enlargement, when as many as 70% of thyroid nodules proved to be malignant, early detection of thyroid tumors remains an important responsibility of the pediatrician. The thyroid should be carefully palpated to determine its size and consistency and to discover any evidence of additional nodules. In addition, cervical and axillary lymph nodes should be examined for evidence of enlargement or inflammation.

Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-fractured prescapular lymph node of caprine

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
O. Faroon ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
T. G. Snider ◽  
C. Titkemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Cellular Constituent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The lymphatic system is very important in the immunological activities of the body. Clinicians confirm the diagnosis of infectious diseases by palpating the involved cutaneous lymph node for changes in size, heat, and consistency. Clinical pathologists diagnose systemic diseases through biopsies of superficial lymph nodes. In many parts of the world the goat is considered as an important source of milk and meat products.The lymphatic system has been studied extensively. These studies lack precise information on the natural morphology of the lymph nodes and their vascular and cellular constituent. This is due to using improper technique for such studies. A few studies used the SEM, conducted by cutting the lymph node with a blade. The morphological data collected by this method are artificial and do not reflect the normal three dimensional surface of the examined area of the lymph node. SEM has been used to study the lymph vessels and lymph nodes of different animals. No information on the cutaneous lymph nodes of the goat has ever been collected using the scanning electron microscope.

Microvasculature and structure of hemal lymph nodes in the wall of the rabbit bladder: a vascular corrosion casting and EM study

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1074-1075
Author(s):  
F.E. Hossler ◽  
M.I. McKamey ◽  
F.C. Monson
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Casting ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Infusion Pressure ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Rabbit Bladder ◽  
Lateral Walls ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study of the microvasculature of the normal rabbit bladder, revealed unusual "capillary glomeruli" along the lateral walls. Here they are characterized as hemal lymph nodes using light microscopy, SEM, TEM, ink injection, and vascular casting.Bladders were perfused via a cannula placed in the abdominal aorta with either 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) for fixation, 10% India ink in 0.9% saline and 0.1M phosphate (pH 7.4) for vessel tracing, or resin (Mercoximethylmethacrylate: catalyst, 4:1:0.3; Ladd Research Industries) for vascular corrosion casting. Infusion pressure was 100mm Hg. Fixed tissue was sectioned from epon-araldyte resin, and stained with toluidine blue for light microscopy, and lead and uranium for TEM. Ink injected tissue was photographed directly from saline-filled bladders illuminated from below. Resin-filled tissue was macerated in 5% KOH and distilled water. Casts were critical point dried, sputter coated with goldpalladium, and examined by routine SEM at 10 KV.

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