Do Gender Differences in Depression Persist Into Older Age?

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Barefoot ◽  
E. L. Mortensen ◽  
M. J. Helms ◽  
K. Avlund ◽  
M. Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Older Age

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life of Economically Disadvantaged African American Older Adults: Age and Gender Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
James Smith ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Hrqol ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Pooled Sample

Background: The association between age and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still under debate. While some research shows older age is associated with better HRQoL, other studies show no or negative association between age and HRQoL. In addition, while the association between age and HRQoL may depend on race, ethnicity, gender, and their intersections, most previous research on this link has been performed in predominantly White Middle Class. Objective: To explore gender differences in the association between age and mental and physical HRQoL in a sample of economically disadvantaged African American (AA) older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in South Los Angeles between 2015 to 2018. A total number of 740 economically disadvantaged AA older adults (age ≥ 55 years) were enrolled in this study, using non-random sampling. This includes 266 AA men and 474 AA women. The independent variable of interest was age. Dependent variables of interest were physical component scores (PCS) and mental component scores (MCS), two main summary scores of the HRQoL, measured using Short Form-12 (SF-12). Gender was the moderator. Socioeconomic status (educational attainment and financial difficulty) were covariates. Linear regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: AA women reported worse PCS; however, gender did not impact MCS. In the pooled sample, high age was associated with better PCS and MCS. In the pooled sample, a significant interaction was found between gender and age on PCS, suggesting a stronger effect of age on PCS for AA men than AA women. In gender-stratified models, older age was associated with better PCS for AA men but not AA women. Older age was similarly and positively associated with better MCS for AA men and women. Conclusions: There may be some gender differences in the implications of ageing for the physical HRQoL of AA older adults. It is unclear how old age may have a boosting effect on physical HRQoL for AA men but not AA women. Future research should test gender differences in the effect of age on physical health indicators such as chronic disease as well as cognitive processes involved in the evaluation of own’s health in AA men and women.

Learning in late career stages in Europe – gendered effects of retirement policies

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Kirsti Melesk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Retirement Systems ◽  
Retirement Policies

Abstract Institutional contexts shape learning participation throughout the course of life. Combining micro-data on adult education from 26 European countries with country-level indicators on retirement systems in multi-level logistic regression models, the focus is on analysis of participation in non-formal learning among people aged 50–64 and its interactions with retirement policies. The analysis makes use of the largest sample of European countries used so far for exploring the issue. For the first time, gender differences in retirement policies are considered. The results imply that for all women and highly educated men, participation in non-formal training is higher when retirement age in the country is set at 65 years or higher. However, men with less education do not profit from a higher retirement age because their training participation remains unaffected by retirement policies. In the current analysis, training participation in older age groups remains unaffected by the generosity of pensions. The results outline gender differences in learning participation in older age groups. Also, after the age of 50, men with a low education are at particular risk of labour market exclusion and unemployment because the retirement age in European countries keeps rising and technological advancements make additional demands on workers’ skills.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Functional Status in Middle and Older Age: Are There Any Age Variations?

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. S282-S292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Liang ◽  
J. M. Bennett ◽  
B. A. Shaw ◽  
A. R. Quinones ◽  
W. Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Variations

Gender differences in nigrostriatal dopaminergic innervation are present at young-to-middle but not at older age in normal adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Kit Wong ◽  
Martijn L.T.M. Müller ◽  
Hiroto Kuwabara ◽  
Stephanie A. Studenski ◽  
Nicolaas I. Bohnen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Normal Adults

scholarly journals Influence of Material Well-Being on Self-Assessment of Health of the Population of Older Age Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593
Author(s):  
Sergey Cherkasov ◽  
Vladislav Tyunkov ◽  
Irakliy Kirtadze ◽  
Yuriy Kamaev ◽  
Anna Fеdyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Relationship Health

The purpose of the study is to assess the financial situation of persons aged 60 years and older on the basis of the anonymous survey data and to analyze the dependence of their health on the level of their material well-being. The survey was conducted in 2017. A total of 967 people aged 60 years and older living in Moscow were interviewed. All of them are under medical supervision in the city polyclinic. The questionnaire included questions about the amount of the monthly income of the family per each member. Using the term «family», the authors mean a group of people who share a common household, regardless of the degree of their relationship. Health assessment was conducted on the basis of one’s self-assessment. The average level of self-assessment of health in each group was calculated. The study made it possible to determine the presence of gender differences in the level of material well-being of the population aged 60–69 years. Thus, men have a lower proportion of low income and a higher proportion of well-off persons compared to women. In the older age group (70 years and older), gender differences in the level of material well-being are not detected. There is no classical correlation between the level of disposable income and the value of self-assessment of one’s health, but the level of self-esteem in the group of better-off men in all age groups was a little higher than in the group of low-income people, while women had higher self-esteem in the low-income age groups of 60–69 years. Only the better-off group of the older age women showed higher self-esteem. The degree of decline in health self-esteem was higher in the low-income group, regardless of gender, but among the women, the degree of decline in self-esteem was higher due to higher scores in the younger age groups and lower scores in the older age groups.

Gender Differences in Love, Sex, and Motivation for Sex

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard I Murstein ◽  
Alan Tuerkheimer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Sexual Enjoyment

In 1989 Sprague and Quadagno reported a significant interaction between sex and age for “motive for sexual intercourse” (affection-closeness vs physical release). Young men exceeded women in physical release as primary motive for sex, but women exceeded men in this choice at an older age. We conducted a modified replication, and we also studied Rubin's Love Scale, sexual interest, frequency of sexual arousal, and sexual enjoyment. Analysis did not confirm the earlier findings. For 60 men and 60 women differences were found for sexual interest, frequency of sexual arousal, and sexual enjoyment, with men scoring higher. Scores on Rubin's Love Scale did not differentiate the sexes.

Gender Differences in Motor Performance in Early Childhood and Later Adulthood

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya Toole ◽  
Judith C. Kretzschmar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Hand Eye Coordination

The purposes of this review article are to: 1) present empirical studies which have compared the development of motor skills for boys and girls in the early childhood years, 2) present studies which have made gender comparisons for similar and related motor skills for older adults, and 3) make comparisons between the younger and older age group literature in terms of gender and causal factors contributing to gender differences. It was concluded that: 1) young boys and older men are superior to young girls and older women in power-dependent skills. Biological and environmental factors were discussed as they relate to gender differences in one power-dependent skill, throwing, throughout the life-span, and 2) young girls excel at hopping, skipping, hand-eye coordination, limb and body control, and balance tasks compared to young boys. Of these tasks, balance and hand-eye coordination are the only skills which are typically measured for young children and older adults. For balance in older age, the results are equivocal but suggestions were made for understanding why women may have lost their performance advantage in older adulthood. For hand-eye coordination, women are not clearly better than men as they were in youth. Reasons for life-span changes are suggested.

scholarly journals Digital Health Information as Friend or Foe: The Question of (Mis)Trust Among Older Internet Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
Gul Seckin ◽  
Patricia Campbell ◽  
Megan Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Older Age ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Gathering health information is among the major motivations for getting online among older adults who want to be better prepared with knowledge to manage their health and personal care. Prior research also showed significant gender differences in health-related use of the Internet. This research examined the effect of Internet use for health information on (a) mistrust of physician, (b) empowerment, (c) self-care, and (d) worry and/or anxiety. The sample (N=710; Mean= 48.82, SD=16.43) was randomly drawn from a national probability-based online panel. We performed gender-stratified sub-sample analyses of older respondents (age ≥60, N= 194). Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that there is a negative association between older age and feeling empowered because of using the internet for health information (β = -.23, p < .05) and a positive association between older age and mistrust of diagnosis and/or treatment of physician (β = .19, p < .05). Study respondents did not report better self-care as a result of obtaining information from the Internet (β = -.15, p > .05). Lastly, older adults reported less worry and/or anxiety because of information stumbled upon the Internet that may not be accurate (β = -.25, p < .05). Sub-sample analyses showed that there are gender differences. Particularly, older men reported greater mistrust (β = .32, p < .05), and less worry (β = -.44, p ≤ .01) while these associations were not significant among older women. Results call for examination of the synergy of age and gender in perceived benefits of health-related Internet use.

scholarly journals Gender differences and trends of attitude toward smoking and diet behavior in population aged 25-64 years from 1988 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Open Population ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Diet Behavior

The aim: To determine gender differences in the dynamic of attitude toward smoking and diet behavior in an open population of 25-64 years over a long-term period - 29 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk). Methods: Within the framework of the screening in 1988-89 under the WHO MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY) program (n=1676, 49.5% males, mean age 44.1±0.4 years), MOPSY screening in 1994-95 (n=1527, 43% males, mean age 44.85 ± 0.4 years), in 2003-2005 under the international project HAPIEE (n=1650, 34.9% males, mean age 54.25±0.2 years), in 2013-2016 (n=975, 43.8% males, mean age 34.5±0,4 years) and 2016-2017 (n=663, 41.3% years 51.95±0.32 years) within the framework of the budgetary theme No. AAAA-A17-117112850280-2, random representative samples of men and women in one of districts in Novosibirsk were examined. Smoking status and diet behavior assessed by questionnaire proposed by MONICA-MOPSY protocol. Results: The proportion of men who ever smoked was extremely high (80%) in the general population of 25-64 years and remained unchanged in the period 1988-2003 but began to decrease in 2013, first in the younger age groups and in 2016- 2017 in the older age groups. Despite the fact that there are significantly fewer female smokers, the proportion of female smokers began to increase in 1994, firstly in younger age groups and by 2003-05 in older age groups. Men of younger age groups more often than women tried unsuccessfully to give up a harmful habit. But in 2013-2016, the proportion of those who quit smoking increased to 25-29%. Men were 1.5-2 times more likely than women to report that they did not need to follow a diet. The number of those adhering to the diet, despite the increase in 2013-17, on average did not exceed 10% during 29 years of observation. Diet men were absent in the younger age group in 1988; but in the 45-54 age group their number reached a maximum of 17.1% in 2016-17, overtaking women in this indicator. The proportion of unsuccessful dietary attempts was higher among women in all age groups. The gender gap in the frequency of failed attempts to follow a diet has been growing since 2003. And in 2013-16, more than half of the male and 2/3 of the female population were unsuccessful in trying to adhere to the diet. Conclusions: There was a trend towards a decrease in smoking among men and, at the same time, a decrease in the proportion of women who never smoked in the period from 1994 to 2017. More than half of the male population and 2/3 of the female population were unsuccessful in trying to adhere to the diet, so the proportion of those following the diet did not exceed 10% during 29 years of observation.

Gender differences in mobility disability during young, middle and older age in West African adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Miszkurka ◽  
Maria Victoria Zunzunegui ◽  
Étienne V. Langlois ◽  
Ellen E. Freeman ◽  
Seni Kouanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
West African ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Mobility Disability
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