A New Organization for the Study of Male Behavior

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Male Behavior

Spawning and Parental Behavior in Female Pairs of the Jewel Fish, Hemichromis Bimaculatus Gill

Behaviour ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Pair Formation ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Cichlid Species ◽  
Bisexual Behavior

AbstractSeven homosexual female pairs were observed on 17 occasions in a total of 22 spawnings. On six occasions the paired females spawned together. Four of the pairs synchronized so well in laying that they deposited rows of eggs alternately or simultaneously on the same site. In fifteen of the spawnings, the behavior of the "partner" of the first spawning female could be summarized as follows: seven ate the eggs and did not spawn until 3.5 days later; three ate eggs but spawned the same day ; three skimmed (or fanned) but did not spawn until 5 or more days later; and two skimmed (or fanned) and then spawned 10 and 45 minutes later, respectively. Hence the partners regarded the eggs as food (majority) or as offspring (minority). None of the partners could be regarded as showing male behavior since their skimming did not resemble the fertilizing movements of the male, except when both laid eggs. Pair formation depended on willingness of the females to inhibit their attacks on each other and to co-operate while maintaining a territory. Responses that seemed to check aggressiveness in the pair mate included the "estrous stance" and quivering. Homosexual groups that did not inhibit aggressiveness developed hierarchies and partial territories instead of pairs. On 11 of the 17 occasions of spawning, both females fanned the eggs and exhibited other parental behavior similar to that of heterosexual pairs. Twice, succcessful exchanges were made for fertilized spawn of Acquidens portalegrensis. These two pairs raised the young competently for 18 and 21 days, respectively, or fully as long as the heterosexual pairs maintained their young under our experimental conditions. It is concluded that female pairs of H. bimaculatus spawn in accordance with the chance synchronization of their separate estrous cycles, although some acceleration or inhibition of the cycle of the partner may result from the activities of the first to spawn. Since bisexual behavior could not be demonstrated, it appears likely that cichlid species performing the Hemichromis type of courtship have only one neuromuscular mechanism that with slight modifications is used by both sexes.

Adaptive flexibility, testosterone, and mating fitness: Are low FA individuals the pinnacle of evolution?

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Fluctuating Asymmetry ◽  
Mating Strategies ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Relationships

The expansion of human evolutionary theory into the domain of personal and environmental determinants of mating strategies is applauded. Questions are raised about the relation between fluctuating asymmetry (FA), testosterone, and body size and their effects on male behavior and outcomes. Low FA males' short-term mating pattern is considered in the context of an evolved tendency for closer and longer human relationships.

scholarly journals What makes a nest-building male successful? Male behavior and female care in penduline tits

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 994-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Szentirmai ◽  
Jan Komdeur ◽  
Tamás Székely
Keyword(s):  
Nest Building ◽  
Male Behavior

Factors mediating inter-group encounters in savannah baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus)

Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Kitchen ◽  
Robert Seyfarth ◽  
Dorothy Cheney
Keyword(s):  
Dominance Hierarchy ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Opposing Group ◽  
Group Defense ◽  
Male Displays ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Number Of Males

AbstractInter-group encounters among baboons range from peaceful to aggressive. During 23 months we observed 110 inter-group interactions involving four groups of chacma baboons in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Results supported the hypothesis that male behavior functions to prevent extra-group males from gaining access to sexually receptive females. Males were more likely to chase females in their own group when estrous females were present, and their chases targeted estrous females more often than expected. Males also chased members of the opposing group more when estrous females were present. When estrous females were absent, male displays were shorter in duration, involved fewer participants, were less intense, and were more likely to result in peaceful mingling between groups. The alpha male was the individual most actively involved in inter-group chases and displays, but males of all ranks participated, especially when they were in consort with a female. However, males did not cooperate in group defense. While behavior during encounters was affected by the presence of estrous females, the outcome of encounters was affected by location and rival group identity. Groups were more likely to approach and displace opponents in the core of their range and more likely to retreat in the periphery. Correcting for location, we also found some evidence for an inter-group dominance hierarchy based on the relative number of males.

scholarly journals Sensation in a Single Neuron Pair Represses Male Behavior in Hermaphrodites

Neuron ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Q. White ◽  
Erik M. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Single Neuron ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Neuron Pair

scholarly journals Sexual selection on color and behavior within and between cichlid populations: Implications for speciation

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pauers ◽  
Jeffrey S. Mckinnon
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Different Color

Abstract Sexual selection is widely viewed as playing a central role in haplochromine cichlid speciation. Hypothetically, once divergent mate preferences evolve among populations of these fishes, reproductive isolation follows and the populations begin to behave as different species. Various studies have examined patterns of assortative mating among species and sometimes populations, but few have examined variation in directional preferences, especially among populations of the same species. We investigated mate choice behavior in two populations of Labeotropheus fuelleborni, a Lake Malawi endemic. We test whether mating preferences between populations are based on the same traits and in the same direction as preferences within populations. We examine the potential contributions of two classes of trait, color patterns and behaviors, to reproductive isolation. When females chose between either two males of their own population, or two from another, female preferences were generally similar (for the female population) across the two contexts. Mate choice patterns differed between (female) populations for a measure of color, but only modestly for male behavior. In a separate experiment we simultaneously offered females a male of their own population and a male from a different population. In these trials, females consistently preferred males from their own population, which were also the males that displayed more frequently than their opponents, but not necessarily those with color traits suggested to be most attractive in the previous experiment. Thus directional preferences for chroma and related aspects of color may be important when females are presented with males of otherwise similar phenotypes, but may play little role in mediating assortative mating among populations with substantially different color patterns. A preference for male behavior could play some role in speciation if males preferentially court same-population females, as we have observed for the populations studied herein.

scholarly journals Male Behavior by Knockout

Neuron ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartwig Spors ◽  
Noam Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Male Behavior
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