Inner ghosts: Encounters with threatening dream characters in lucid dreams.

Dreaming ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadas Stumbrys ◽  
Daniel Erlacher
Keyword(s):  
Dream Characters

scholarly journals Differences in dream content during a daytime nap and the relationship of the dream content to procedural learning in Vipassana meditators and controls.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Solomonova ◽  
Simon Dubé ◽  
Arnaud Samson-Richer ◽  
Cloé Blanchette-Carrière ◽  
Tyna Paquette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Procedural Learning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dream Content ◽  
Procedural Task ◽  
Dream Characters ◽  
Vipassana Meditation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daytime Nap

Vipassana meditation is characterized by observing bodily sensations, developing emotional and attentional stability and promoting pro-social qualities. Whether these qualities are also reflected in dream content is not currently known. Evidence relating dream content with sleep-depending learning is mixed: some studies suggest that dreaming of a task is beneficial for improvement, while others find no such effect. This study aimed at investigating whether meditators have qualitatively different dreams than controls; whether meditators incorporate a procedural learning task more often than controls; and whether dreaming about the task is related to better post-sleep performance on the task.20 meditators and 20 controls slept for a daytime nap at the laboratory. Prior to sleep and upon awakening they completed a procedural learning task. Dream reports were collected at sleep onset and upon awakening (REM/N2 sleep). Dreams were then scored for qualities associated with meditation practice and for incorporations of the procedural task and of the laboratory. Meditators had longer dreams, slightly more references to the body and friendlier and more compassionate interactions with dream characters. Dreams of meditation practitioners were not more lucid than those of controls. Meditators did not incorporate the learning task or laboratory into dream content more often than controls, and no relationship was found between dream content and performance on a procedural task. In control participants, in contrast, incorporating task or laboratory in REM/N2 dreams was associated with improvement on the task, but incorporations at sleep onset were associated with slightly worse performance on the task.

Is the Ratio of Male and Female Dream Characters Related to the Waking-Life Pattern of Social Contacts?

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Tim Loßnitzer ◽  
Stefan Vetter
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dream Characters ◽  
Life Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the relationship between the sex ratio of dream characters and the person's waking-life pattern of social contacts. Results partly confirm the continuity between waking and dreaming.

Ratio of Male and Female Characters in a Dream Series

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Sarah Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Situational Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Dream Characters

The present study investigated the change in gender ratio of dream characters in relation to the dreamer's environment in waking-life and found a preponderance of male characters in the subject's dream while living in a ‘male’ environment which was not present while living in a ‘female’ environment. The results support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming and stress the importance of situational factors rather than personality factors in the explanation of the gender ratio of dream characters.

Dreams as Problem Solving: A Method of Study — Part II: The Oral Defense Dream

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45
Author(s):  
George W. Baylor ◽  
Daniel Deslauriers
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Dream Characters

This article (Part II) presents the detailed analysis of one dream in order to illustrate the Dream Understanding Exercise (DUE), a method of study presented in Part I. In the five-step method the dream and associations are recorded, followed by an analysis of content; an identification and expansion of the underlying script; an investigation of the dream characters' problem solving; and a look at problem solving at the organismic level. The method is evaluated and discussed in terms of the problem-solving function of dreams.

Dream characters and the dream ego: An exploratory online study in lucid dreams.

Dreaming ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen C. E. Schmidt ◽  
Tadas Stumbrys ◽  
Daniel Erlacher
Keyword(s):  
Online Study ◽  
Dream Characters

scholarly journals Thought-Forms Gone Rogue: A Theory for Psi-Critics and Parapsychologists

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-128
Author(s):  
Adrian Parker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Altered States ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Automatic Writing ◽  
Dream Characters ◽  
Psi Phenomena ◽  
The Many

It is argued that psi-critics Reber and Alcock have lifted the debate from the impasse concerning the evidence for the existence of psi phenomena, toward focusing on understanding the nature of the phenomena. This focus concerns the demand to show that statistical findings are not anomalies but reflect real cause and effect relationships and to find a common theoretical framework for what otherwise appear to be heterogeneous rogue phenomena. It is maintained here that the demand for showing causal relationships is already met by a methodology using real-time recordings of changing target imagery along with receiver mentation. The demand by critics for a theoretical understanding linking all or most of the rogue phenomena, led to the proposition advanced here concerning thought-forms and co-conscious states. According to this, the many “rogue phenomena” both in psychology and parapsychology (such as automatic writing, lucid dream characters, spirit possessions, and entity experiences in psychedelic states) are to be understood as representing dissociated thought-forms with varying degrees of co-consciousness and in some cases the development of a genuine degree of autonomy and identity. Keywords: altered states, thought-forms, consciousness, psi, skepticism, automatic writing, co-consciousness, possession

Consciousness and Abilities of Dream Characters Observed during Lucid Dreaming

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tholey
Keyword(s):  
Lucid Dreaming ◽  
Dream Therapy ◽  
Dream Characters ◽  
Unknown Words ◽  
Specific Sense ◽  
As If

A description of several phenomenological experiments is given. These were done to investigate of which cognitive accomplishments dream characters are capable in lucid dreams. Nine male experienced lucid dreamers participated as subjects. They were directed to set different tasks to dream characters they met while lucid dreaming. Dream characters were asked to draw or write, to name unknown words, to find rhyme words, to make verses, and to solve arithmetic problems. Part of the dream characters actually agreed to perform the tasks and were successful, although the arithmetic accomplishments were poor. From the phenomenological findings, nothing contradicts the assumption that dream characters have consciousness in a specific sense. Herefrom the conclusion was drawn, that in lucid dream therapy communication with dream characters should be handled as if they were rational beings. Finally, several possibilities of assessing the question, whether dream characters possess consciousness, can be examined with the aid of psychophysiological experiments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document