Observer-rated environmental sensitivity moderates children’s response to parenting quality in early childhood.

AbstractWe examined the influence of a common allelic variation in the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and caregiver quality on temperament in early childhood. Children 18–21 months of age were genotyped for the DRD4 48 base pair tandem repeat polymorphism, which has been implicated in the development of attention, sensation seeking, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The children also interacted with their caregiver for 10 min in a laboratory setting, and these videotaped interactions were coded for parenting quality using an observational rating procedure. The presence of the DRD4 7-repeat allele was associated with differences in the influence of parenting on a measure of temperamental sensation seeking constructed from caregiver reports on children's activity level, impulsivity, and high-intensity pleasure. Children with the 7-repeat allele were influenced by parenting quality, with lower quality parenting associated with higher levels of sensation seeking; children without the 7-repeat allele were uninfluenced by parenting quality. Differences between alleles were not related to the child's self-regulation as assessed by the effortful control measure. Previous studies have indicated that the 7-repeat allele is under positive selective pressure, and our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the DRD4 7-repeat allele increased children's sensitivity to environmental factors such as parenting. This study shows that genes influence the relation between parenting and temperament in ways that are important to normal development and psychopathology.

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Transactional relations across contextual strain, parenting quality, and early childhood regulation and adaptation in a high-risk sample

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s095457941000026x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 539-555 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Tuppett M. Yates ◽

Jelena Obradović ◽

Byron Egeland

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Child Adjustment ◽

Objective Measure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parenting Quality ◽

Path Analyses ◽

Complex Models ◽

Bidirectional Relations ◽

Parent Child

AbstractThis investigation examined transactional relations across contextual strain, parenting quality, and child adjustment in 209 mothers and children at 24, 42, and 72 months of age. Independent ratings of mothers' stressful life events, social support, and relationship quality provided an objective measure of maternal contextual strain. Observers evaluated parenting quality during parent–child interactions at each time point. Child regulatory functioning during laboratory tasks at 24 and 42 months was evaluated by independent observers based on both behavioral (e.g., noncompliance, distractibility) and emotional (e.g., frustration, anger) indices. At 72 months, teachers reported on children's externalizing behaviors, and children completed objective measures of academic achievement. Nested path analyses were used to evaluate increasingly complex models of influence, including transactional relations between child and parent, effects from contextual strain to parenting and child adaptation, and reciprocal effects from child and parent behavior to contextual strain. Over and above stability within each domain and cross-sectional cross-domain covariation, significant paths emerged from maternal contextual strain to subsequent child adjustment. Bidirectional relations between parenting and child adjustment were especially prominent among boys. These findings counter unidirectional models of parent-mediated contextual effects by highlighting the direct influences of contextual strain and parent–child transactions on early childhood behavioral and academic adjustment, respectively.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PERILAKU PELESTARIAN KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA ANAK USIA DINI MASYARAKAT SUKU SASAK

JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini ◽

10.21009/jpud.112.05 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 251-265

Author(s):

NADIROH NADIROH ◽

RIZKI ANANDA

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Citizenship Behavior ◽

Environmental Sensitivity ◽

R Value ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Previous research said that environmental sensitivity in students and adult give effect toforming citizenship behavior. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship betweenenvironmental education and local wisdom that is taught to the children in shaping the environmentalsensitivity of sasak tribe of Desa Sasak Ende Lombok West Nusa Tenggara. The research wasconducted quantitatively by using questionnaires to 10 respondents representing 30 heads ofhouseholds. Based on the results obtained pearson r value of 0.868 with Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.001 or lessthan 0.05 It shows that there is a positive relationship between environmental sensitivity and the localwisdom behavior of early childhood Keywords: environmetantal sensitivity, local wisdom, sasak tribe, early childhood. Abstrak: Penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa environmental sensitivity pada peserta didik danorang dewasa berperan dalam pembentukan perilaku bijak terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antaraenvironmental sensitivity denganperilaku pelestarian kearifan lokal pada anak usia dini yang diajarkan di keluargamasyarakat sukusasak Desa Sasak Ende Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif denganmenggunakan kuesioner terhadap 10 responden yang mewakili 30 keluarga. Berdasarkan hasildiperoleh nilai r Pearson sebesar 0,868 dengan Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,001 atau kurang dari 0,05sehingga ada hubungan positif antaraenvironmental sensitivity dengan perilaku pelestarian kearifanlokal pada anak usia dini. Keywords: environmetantal sensitivity, kearifan lokal, suku sasak, anak usia dini

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Neonatal brain volume as a marker of differential susceptibility to parenting quality and its association with neurodevelopment across early childhood

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100826 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 100826

Author(s):

Saara Nolvi ◽

Jerod M. Rasmussen ◽

Alice M. Graham ◽

John H. Gilmore ◽

Martin Styner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Brain Volume ◽

Differential Susceptibility ◽

Neonatal Brain ◽

Parenting Quality

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Parenting quality at two developmental periods in early childhood and their association with child development

Early Childhood Research Quarterly ◽

10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.08.009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 396-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heather A. Knauer ◽

Emily J. Ozer ◽

William H. Dow ◽

Lia C.H. Fernald

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Child Development ◽

Parenting Quality

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Parental Depression and the Development of Coercion in Early Childhood

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324552.013.7 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Julia Reuben ◽

Daniel S. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Maternal Depression ◽

Antisocial Behavior ◽

Early Onset ◽

Parental Depression ◽

Early Prevention ◽

Parenting Quality ◽

Parent Child Interactions ◽

Child Antisocial Behavior ◽

Parent Child

One of the driving theories of the development of child antisocial behavior is Patterson’s model of parent-child coercion. Although Patterson hypothesized that coercive processes are established beginning in early childhood, few studies have sought to understand its developmental precursors in early childhood. Even fewer studies have attempted to examine factors that might compromise parenting quality and lead to coercive parent-child interactions during early childhood. One factor repeatedly shown to compromise parenting quality is parental depression. As such, this chapter focuses on how depression among mothers and alternative caregivers, including fathers, is associated with the early onset of coercive family dynamics. The results of the current study have implications for understanding the genesis of coercive processes and for the design of early prevention programs, affirming the importance of including maternal depression in our prevention models.

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