scholarly journals Supplemental Material for Computerized Intertemporal Choice Task in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) With/Without Postreward Delay

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Choice Task

Single dose testosterone administration increases impulsivity in the intertemporal choice task among healthy males

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 104634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Wu ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
Jiajun Liao ◽  
Yansong Li ◽  
Samuele Zilioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
Healthy Males

The effects of lesions of the hippocampus or orbitofrontal cortex on an operant box based intertemporal choice task in mice.

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate C. Finger ◽  
Robert M. J. Deacon ◽  
Peter Burns ◽  
Thomas G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Choice Task

scholarly journals Increased Capacity to Delay Reward in Anorexia Nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Steinglass ◽  
Bernd Figner ◽  
Staci Berkowitz ◽  
H. Blair Simpson ◽  
Elke U. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Temporal Discounting ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Neuropsychological Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Analyses

AbstractIndividuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) are often characterized as possessing excessive self-control and are unusual in their ability to reduce or avoid the consumption of palatable foods. This behavior promotes potentially life-threatening weight loss and suggests disturbances in reward processing. We studied whether individuals with AN showed evidence of increased self-control by examining the tendency to delay receipt of a monetary, non-food related, reward. Underweight AN (n = 36) and healthy controls (HC, n = 28) completed a monetary intertemporal choice task measuring delay discounting factor. Individuals with AN reduced the value of a monetary reward over time significantly less than HC (F[1,61] = 5.03; p = 0.029). Secondary analyses indicated that the restricting subtype of AN, in particular, showed significantly less discounting than HC (F[1,46] = 8.3; p = 0.006). These findings indicate that some individuals with AN show less temporal discounting than HC, suggestive of enhanced self-control that is not limited to food consumption. This is in contrast to other psychiatric disorders, for example, substance abuse, which are characterized by greater discounting. Though preliminary, these findings suggest that excessive self-control may contribute to pathological processes and individuals with AN may have neuropsychological characteristics that enhance their ability to delay reward and thereby may help to maintain persistent food restriction. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–8)

No evidence for the involvement of serotonin or the 5-HTTLPR genotype in intertemporal choice in a larger community sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1387
Author(s):  
Philipp T Neukam ◽  
Yacila I Deza-Araujo ◽  
Michael Marxen ◽  
Shakoor Pooseh ◽  
Marcella Rietschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Temporal Discounting ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
S Allele

Background: Serotonin has been implicated in impulsive behaviours such as temporal discounting. While animal studies and theoretical approaches suggest that reduced tonic serotonin levels increase temporal discounting rates and vice versa, evidence from human studies is scarce and inconclusive. Furthermore, an important modulator of serotonin signalling, a genetic variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene ( 5-HTTLPR), has not been investigated for temporal discounting so far. Objective: First, the purpose of this study was to test for a significant association between 5-HTTLPR and temporal discounting. Second, we wished to investigate the effect of high/low tonic serotonin levels on intertemporal choice and blood oxygen-level-dependent response, controlling for 5-HTTLPR. Methods: We tested the association of 5-HTTLPR with temporal discounting rates using an intertemporal choice task in 611 individuals. We then manipulated tonic serotonin levels with acute tryptophan interventions (depletion, loading, balanced) in a subsample of 45 short (S)-allele and 45 long (L)/L-allele carriers in a randomised double-blind crossover design using functional magnetic resonance imaging and an intertemporal choice task. Results: Overall, we did not find any effect of serotonin and 5-HTTLPR on temporal discounting rates or the brain networks associated with valuation and cognitive control. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that serotonin may not be directly involved in choices including delays on longer timescales such as days, weeks or months. We speculate that serotonin plays a stronger role in dynamic intertemporal choice tasks where the delays are on a timescale of seconds and hence are therefore directly experienced during the experiment.

“I want it now!” Intertemporal Choice Through the Lens of Valence Weighting Bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Author(s):  
Javier A. Granados Samayoa ◽  
Russell H. Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Positive And Negative Valence ◽  
Characteristic Manner ◽  
Report Measure

The current research presents a novel perspective regarding individual differences in intertemporal choice preferences. We postulate that such differences are partly rooted in individuals’ valence weighting proclivities—their characteristic manner of weighting positive and negative valence when constructing an initial evaluation. Importantly, valence weighting bias should predict intertemporal choice most strongly (a) for those who are relatively low in trait self-control and (b) when the magnitude of the available rewards is relatively small, because these two factors are associated with lesser motivation/resources to deliberate extensively about one's decision. More specifically, we propose that those with a more positive weighting bias give greater weight to the clearly positive immediate reward that is under consideration, and under these conditions, the resulting appraisal shapes choice more strongly. Using a performance-based measure of valence weighting tendencies, a hypothetical intertemporal choice task, and a self-report measure of trait self-control, we provide evidence for our hypothesis.

scholarly journals Temporal discounting when outcomes are experienced in the moment: Validation of a novel paradigm and comparison with a classic hypothetical intertemporal choice task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Patt ◽  
Renee Hunsberger ◽  
Dominoe A. Jones ◽  
Margaret Keane ◽  
Mieke Verfaellie
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Temporal Discounting ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Intertemporal Choices

When faced with intertemporal choices, people typically devalue rewards available in the future compared to rewards more immediately available, a phenomenon known as temporal discounting. Decisions involving intertemporal choices arise daily, with critical impact on health and financial wellbeing. Although many such decisions are “experiential” in that they involve delays and rewards that are experienced in real-time and can inform subsequent choices, most studies have focused on intertemporal choices with hypothetical outcomes (or outcomes delivered after all decisions are made). The present study focused on experiential intertemporal choices. First, a novel intertemporal choice task was developed and validated, using delays experienced in real time and artistic photographs as consumable perceptual rewards. Second, performance on the experiential task was compared to performance on a classic intertemporal choice task with hypothetical outcomes. Involvement of distinct processes across tasks was probed by examining differential relations to trait anxiety and state anxiety. A two-parameter logistic function framework was proposed to fit indifference point data, and was shown to improve upon hyperbolic fit. This approach accounts for individual variability not only in the delay at which an individual switches from choosing the delayed to more immediate option, but also in the slope of that switch. Fit results indicated that the experiential task elicited temporal discounting, with effective trade-off between delay and perceptual reward. Comparison with the hypothetical intertemporal choice task suggested distinct mechanisms: temporal discounting across the two tasks was not correlated; state anxiety affected choice behavior in the experiential task but not in the hypothetical task; and trait anxiety had contrasting effects across the two tasks. These findings were interpreted as reflecting differential engagement of episodic processes in the experiential compared to the hypothetical task, consistent with neural evidence for recruitment of the hippocampus in the former but not in the latter task.

scholarly journals Pubertal Testosterone Correlates with Adolescent Impatience and Dorsal Striatal Activity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Laube ◽  
Robert Lorenz ◽  
Wouter van den Bos
Keyword(s):  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Neural Processes

AbstractRecent self-report and behavioral studies have demonstrated that pubertal testosterone is related to an increase in risky and impulsive behavior. Yet, the mechanisms underlying such a relationship are poorly understood. Findings from both human and rodent studies point towards distinct striatal pathways including the ventral and dorsal striatum as key target regions for pubertal hormones. In this study we investigated task-related impatience of boys between 10 and 15 years of age (N = 75), using an intertemporal choice task combined with measures of functional magnetic resonance imaging and hormonal assessment. Increased levels of testosterone were associated with a greater response bias towards choosing the smaller sooner option. Furthermore, our results show that testosterone specifically modulates the dorsal, not ventral, striatal pathway. These results provide novel insights into our understanding of adolescent impulsive and risky behaviors and how pubertal hormones are related to neural processes.

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