Comparing healthy adolescent females with and without parental history of eating pathology on neural responsivity to food and thin models and other potential risk factors.

Background The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become an international pandemic. So far, little is known about the role of an internet approach in COVID-19 participatory surveillance. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate whether an online survey can provide population-level information for observing prevalence trends during the early phase of an outbreak and identifying potential risk factors of COVID-19 infection. Methods A 10-item online questionnaire was developed according to medical guidelines and relevant publications. It was distributed between January 24 and February 17, 2020. The characteristics of respondents and temporal changes of various questionnaire-derived indicators were analyzed. Results A total of 18,161 questionnaires were returned, including 6.45% (n=1171) from Wuhan City. Geographical distributions of the respondents were consistent with the population per province (R2=0.61, P<.001). History of contact significantly decreased with time, both outside Wuhan City (R2=0.35, P=.002) and outside Hubei Province (R2=0.42, P<.001). The percentage of respondents reporting a fever peaked around February 8 (R2=0.57, P<.001) and increased with a history of contact in the areas outside Wuhan City (risk ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52, P<.001). Male sex, advanced age, and lung diseases were associated with a higher risk of fever in the general population with a history of contact. Conclusions This study shows the usefulness of an online questionnaire for the surveillance of outbreaks like COVID-19 by providing information about trends of the disease and aiding the identification of potential risk factors.

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Periodontal diseases and potential risk factors in Egyptian adult population—Results from a national cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0258958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e0258958

Author(s):

Reham Khaled Abou El Fadl ◽

Mona Ahmed Abdel Fattah ◽

Muhammad Ahmed Helmi ◽

Mariem Osama Wassel ◽

Amira Saad Badran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

Background Despite the interdependence of general and periodontal health, there is paucity of national representative data on the prevalence of periodontal diseases and their associated risk factors in Egyptian population. This cross-sectional study, thus, aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and tooth loss among Egyptian adults and investigate the association between potential risk factors and periodontal diseases. Methods A total of 5,954 adults aged ≥ 20 years were included in this study as a subsample from Egypt’s national oral health survey. Periodontitis was diagnosed with Community Periodontal Index ‘CPI’ scores ≥3 and tooth loss not due to caries was included in the analysis. Socio-demographic data and information on behavioral factors and history of diabetes were gathered in a face-to-face interview. Logistic regression was done to interpret the impact of potential predictors on the incidence of the two selected outcome variables. Results The overall prevalence of periodontitis was 26% and regression analysis revealed that higher odds of periodontitis existed among illiterate participants (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.40–2.17), smokers (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.69–2.20) and rural residents (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03–1.30). On the other hand, old age, frequency of dental attendance and history of diabetes were the main predictive factors for tooth loss. Conclusions Among Egyptian adults, periodontal diseases were strongly associated with a multitude of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and inequalities in distribution of periodontal treatment needs were determined mainly by age, gender, level of education and residency location.

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A Case-Control Epidemiological Study Of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v122.21.1713.1713 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (21) ◽

pp. 1713-1713

Author(s):

Yosra Aljawai ◽

Serena McDiarmid ◽

Joseph Cappuccio ◽

Federico Campigotto ◽

Steven Peter Treon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Research Funding ◽

Case Control ◽

Advisory Board ◽

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia ◽

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a distinct lymphoplasmacytic disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) infiltration and IgM secretion. The etiology remains unknown, but a role for genetic and immune-related factors in the pathogenesis is suspected. To date, few etiologic studies have focused specifically on WM. Therefore, we initiated a large case-control study of WM to evaluate a comprehensive panel of potential risk factors. Here we describe the study design and report initial findings in the enrolled WM patients. Methods Patients are recruited into the study through the WM clinic at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, WM meetings or web-based invitations through the International Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Foundation (IMWF) website. For each patient, two controls are invited to participate: a family member of the patient, and an acquaintance of similar age and neighborhood of residence to the patient. Enrollment targets are for 1000 patients and an equal number of family members and non-family controls. From the WM patients we collect data on clinical presentation at diagnosis and from follow up of disease progression, as well as diagnostic tumor tissue and other biospecimens. Both patients with LPL/WM and controls completed a self-administered questionnaire that includes items related to personal characteristics, socioeconomic background, medical history, medication use and several lifestyle and environmental factors. Results We identified and invited 1144 WM patients. 396 WM patients and 83 family members of these patients completed the epidemiology survey. Of the 396 patients who completed the survey, 348 were diagnosed with LPL/WM and 48 with MGUS. The median age of patients at diagnosis was 67 years (range, 24-92 years). One patient was younger than 40 years of age, and 14 (4%) were younger than 50 years. 245 (62%) patients were males. Most patients self-reported Caucasian race (N=305, 77%), whereas others were of Ashkenazi Jewish (45, 11%), mixed (30, 8%), or other (16, 4%) racial backgrounds. Almost half (N=193, 49%) have completed graduate or professional school, and another 180 (45%) have completed some college education or a college degree; only seven patients (5%) have only a high school education or less, and education level is missing for 1%.” With regard to personal medical history, the WM patients most frequently reported a history of osteoporosis/osteopenia (20%), followed by that of lymph node enlargement (13%), thyroid disorder (11%), other autoimmune disease (10%), infectious mononucleosis (8%), hemolytic anemia (6%), renal insufficiency (5%), venous thrombosis and strokes (4%), inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis/Crohn's disease) (4%), diabetes mellitus (4%), and rheumatoid arthritis (3%). The WM patients reported a family history of several cancers in relatives: breast cancer (27%), prostate cancer (16%), colon cancer (14%), uterine cancer (14%) and lung cancer (17%). The most common hematological malignancies observed in relatives included leukemia (8%), WM (5%), other Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (5%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (3%), and myeloma. The 396 patients also self-reported a history of exposure of at least eight hours per week for more than a year to some chemicals, including asbestos (11%), benzene and pesticides (9%), herbicides, fertilizers and gasoline or other solvents (7%), petroleum products, engine exhaust, and acrylic and oil based paints (6%). Five percent or less of the patients reported prior exposure to Agent White, Agent Orange, and Metals. Further patient and control recruitment is ongoing, as are preliminary statistical comparisons of the case and control patient populations to evaluate potential risk factors for the WM. Conclusion These preliminary descriptive data from the first case-control study to focus explicitly on WM confirm prior observations of familial history of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with WM and suggest early success at collecting self-reported information on other potential risk factors in the patient population. By collecting and rigorously analyzing diverse risk factor data from both patients and controls, this study is likely to contribute important insights on the etiology of this rare and understudied lymphoma. Such knowledge is urgently needed to permit the development of strategies for WM prevention. Disclosures: Treon: Millennium: Consultancy. Ghobrial:BMS: Advisory board Other, Research Funding; ONYX: Advisory board, Advisory board Other; NOXXON: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding.

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Who is really at risk? Identifying risk factors for subthreshold and full syndrome eating disorders in a high-risk sample

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291710002631 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (9) ◽

pp. 1939-1949 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

C. Jacobi ◽

E. Fittig ◽

S. W. Bryson ◽

D. Wilfley ◽

H. C. Kraemer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

High Risk ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Control Group ◽

College Age ◽

Weight And Shape Concerns ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Depression

BackgroundNumerous longitudinal studies have identified risk factors for the onset of most eating disorders (EDs). Identifying women at highest risk within a high-risk sample would allow for focusing of preventive resources and also suggests different etiologies.MethodA longitudinal cohort study over 3 years in a high-risk sample of 236 college-age women randomized to the control group of a prevention trial for EDs. Potential risk factors and interactions between risk factors were assessed using the methods developed previously. Main outcome measures were time to onset of a subthreshold or full ED.ResultsAt the 3-year follow-up, 11.2% of participants had developed a full or partial ED. Seven of 88 potential risk factors could be classified as independent risk factors, seven as proxies, and two as overlapping factors. Critical comments about eating from teacher/coach/siblings and a history of depression were the most potent risk factors. The incidence for participants with either or both of these risk factors was 34.8% (16/46) compared to 4.2% (6/144) for participants without these risk factors, with a sensitivity of 0.75 and a specificity of 0.82.ConclusionsTargeting preventive interventions at women with high weight and shape concerns, a history of critical comments about eating weight and shape, and a history of depression may reduce the risk for EDs.

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Surveillance of COVID-19 in the General Population Using an Online Questionnaire: Report From 18,161 Respondents in China (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.18576 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongxing Luo ◽

Yongchan Lie ◽

Frits W Prinzen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Population ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Online Survey ◽

Population Level ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Wuhan City ◽

Level Information ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

BACKGROUND The recent outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become an international pandemic. So far, little is known about the role of an internet approach in COVID-19 surveillance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate whether an online survey can provide population-level information for observing prevalence trends during the early phase of an outbreak and identifying potential risk factors of COVID-19 infection. METHODS A 10-item online questionnaire was developed according to medical guidelines and relevant publications. It was distributed between January 24 and February 17, 2020. The characteristics of respondents and temporal changes of various questionnaire-derived indicators were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 18,161 questionnaires were returned, including 6.45% (n=1171) from Wuhan City. Geographical distributions of the respondents were consistent with the population per province (R2=0.61, P<.001). History of contact significantly decreased with time, both outside Wuhan City (R2=0.35, P=.002) and outside Hubei Province (R2=0.42, P<.001). The percentage of respondents reporting a fever peaked around February 8 (R2=0.57, P<.001) and increased with a history of contact in the areas outside Wuhan City (risk ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52, P<.001). Male sex, advanced age, and lung diseases were associated with a higher risk of fever in the general population with a history of contact. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the usefulness of an online questionnaire for the surveillance of outbreaks like COVID-19 by providing information about trends of the disease and aiding the identification of potential risk factors.

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Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: A Single-Institution Retrospective Review

Case Reports in Oncology ◽

10.1159/000491574 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 527-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Heidi Egloff ◽

Kelley M. Kidwell ◽

Anne Schott

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Pulmonary Toxicity ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Sample Population ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

Purpose: T-DM1 is an antibody drug conjugate with proven efficacy in metastatic breast cancer for progressive disease refractory to trastuzumab. Drug-induced pneumonitis is a rare serious potential adverse effect. The purpose of this review was to estimate the incidence of pulmonary toxicity at our institution. Methods: A retrospective analysis of electronic medical record data inclusive of all women and men aged 18 years and older treated with T-DM1 at out institution was undertaken. The records were reviewed for clinical symptoms and/or radiographic evidence concerning for pneumonitis. We identified variables of interest with regard to potential risk factors for toxicity. Results: A total of 50 patients were included, 6 (12%) of whom had radiographic and/or clinical symptoms concerning for T-DM1-induced pneumonitis. All 6 patients had metastatic or unresectable breast cancer. Of the 6 patients, 5 (83%) had suspected pulmonary metastases, 1 (17%) had a history of underlying lung disease, and 5 (83%) had a history of prior taxane therapy. Pulmonary metastases (p = 0.38), the median number of treatment cycles (p = 0.29), prior taxane therapy (p = 0.99), underlying lung disease (p = 0.99), and hormone receptor positivity (p = 0.66) did not have any statistical significance for an association with pneumonitis. Conclusion: Pneumonitis is a recognized toxic effect of T-DM1. While our sample size was small, the number of events was higher than described in the literature, which may be an artifact of referral bias. Future studies with a larger sample population may detect potential risk factors for toxicity.

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Potential risk factors and triggers for back pain in children and young adults. A scoping review, part II: unclear or mixed types of back pain

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12998-019-0281-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amber M Beynon ◽

Jeffrey J Hebert ◽

Charlotte Lebouef-Yde ◽

Bruce F Walker

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Back Pain ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Back pain is a global problem in terms of disability and financially, with a large burden both to the individual and to society. Back pain was previously believed to be uncommon in children. However, there is a growing body of evidence that this is not the case. Objective Part I of this scoping review studied risk factors of incident and episodic back pain. In this part II we aimed to identify all risk factors and triggers with unclear or mixed type back pain in young people and to identify any gaps in the literature. Methods A scoping review design was selected to summarise the evidence, as there are many studies on “risk factors” for back pain. The scoping review followed the PRISMSA-ScR guidelines. We considered all studies that tested potential risk factors and triggers for thoracic and/or lumbar spine pain, in children, adolescents, and young adults (≤ 24 years). PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to September 2018, to identify relevant English language articles. The results regarding potential risk factors were separated into temporal precursors and bidirectional risk factors and the studies were classified by study design. Results Our comprehensive search strategy identified 7356 articles, of which 83 articles were considered eligible for this review (part II). There were 53 cross-sectional studies and 30 cohort studies. Potential risk factors for back pain were: female sex, older age, later pubertal status, positive family history of back pain, increased growth, and a history of back pain, most of which are temporal precursor variables. There was limited research for the illness factors, spinal posture, and muscle endurance in the development of back pain. Conclusion Many of the included studies approached risk factors in similar ways and found factors that were associated with back pain but were not obvious risk factors as causality was uncertain. Future research should be more rigorous and innovative in the way that risk factors are considered. This could be through statistical approaches including cumulative exposures, or longitudinal approaches including multi-trajectory methods. Additionally, data on proposed risk factors should be collected before the onset of back pain.

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Graves-Basedow disease and potential risk factors

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0808633z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (8) ◽

pp. 633-638

Author(s):

Dusica Zivanovic ◽

Sandra Sipetic ◽

Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽

Jelena Milasin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Medical Center ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Genetic Syndrome ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of

Background/Aim. Graves-Basedow disease is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing Graves-Basedow disease between the groups of individuals with and without Graves-Basedow disease, and to compare the presence of risk factors between the affected individuals with or without positive family history for Graves- Basedow disease. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cuprija (central Serbia) during a period from December 2001 to April 2002. The case group comprised 132 individuals diagnosed with Graves-Basedow disease. The control group comprised 130 subjects without any of endocrine diseases. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. Data were collected on basic demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking and family history of Graves-Basedow disease. In statistical analysis chi-square test was used. Results. The individuals with Graves-Basedow disease were statistically significantly older (above 50) (p = 0.020), exposed to stress (p = 0.024) and to physical agents (p = 0.031), and had significantly (p = 0.000) more relatives with Graves-Basedow disease than those without the disease. Among the affected individuals with positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease the number of women was significantly higher (p = 0.000), than the affected individuals without positive family history of Graves- Basedow disease. Conclusion. In our study, as in many other, gender, age, positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for the increased incidence of Graves- Basedow disease. Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing Graves-Basedow disease among the affected individuals with or without positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease. .

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Enteric viral infections as potential risk factors for intussusception

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.2321 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

pp. 028-035 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Adel M Mansour ◽

Montasser El Koutby ◽

Mohamed M El Barbary ◽

Wissam Mohamed ◽

Sameh Shehata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Enteric Bacteria ◽

Rotavirus Infection ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

History Of ◽

And Gender

Introduction: We aimed to identify potential risk factors for intussusception (ISS) among children presenting to two pediatric hospitals in Egypt. Methodology: In this case-control study, enrolled children < 3 years old with ISS (confirmed radiologically and/or surgically) were matched by age and gender to controls admitted with acute non-abdominal surgical illnesses. Stool samples were collected and tested for various enteric bacteria, rotavirus, enteric adenoviruses (EA, 40 and 41) and astroviruses using commercially available ELISA diagnostic kits. Results: From December 2004 to May 2009, 158 cases and 425 matched controls were enrolled. A history of diarrhoea and cough over the preceding four weeks of interview were more common in cases than controls, respectively. Children with mothers who had secondary education and above were 2.2 times more likely to have ISS than those whose mothers had a lower level of education. In spite of the low detection rate of EA infection (regardless of diarrhoea history) and asymptomatic rotavirus infection, they were detected in higher frequencies in cases than controls; however, infection with astrovirus and bacterial pathogens did not appear to be associated with increased risk of ISS. Conclusions: History of diarrhoea and cough over the four weeks preceding the study and maternal education above secondary level were potential risk factors for ISS. EA and asymptomatic rotavirus infection were detected in higher frequencies among cases than controls; however, association with ISS cannot be confirmed. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the pathogenesis which may link such infections with ISS.

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