Real-time reports of drinking to cope: Associations with subjective relief from alcohol and changes in negative affect.

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-650
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Wycoff ◽  
Ryan W. Carpenter ◽  
Johanna Hepp ◽  
Thomas M. Piasecki ◽  
Timothy J. Trull
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Drinking To Cope

Real Time Affect at Work: A Neglected Phenomenon in Organisational Behaviour

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia D. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organisational Behaviour ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Affect At Work

This paper describes a program of research on real time affect while working. Three sets of hypotheses were tested in a data set comprising fifty reports of momentary affect from each of 120 respondents. Between and within-person analyses were used to explore the correlates of aggregated and momentary affect. Findings suggest that: (i) average real time affect at work shares some variance with job satisfaction, but is not isomorphic with it; (ii) average positive and negative affect have somewhat different antecedents and consequences; and (iii) most people experience a strong within-person relationship between momentary affect and concurrent perceptions of task performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Dispositional Affect on the N400: Language Processing and Socially Situated Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena D. Dwivedi ◽  
Janahan Selvanayagam
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Object Type ◽  
Socially Situated

We examined whether the N400 Event-Related Potential (ERP) component would be modulated by dispositional affect during sentence processing. In this study, 33 participants read sentences manipulated by direct object type (congruent vs. incongruent) and object determiner type (definite vs. demonstrative). We were particularly interested in sentences of the form: (i) The connoisseur tasted thewineon the tour vs. (ii) The connoisseur tasted the #roof… We expected that processing incongruent direct objects (#roof) vs. congruent objects (wine) would elicit N400 effects. Previous ERP language experiments have shown that participants in (induced) positive and negative moods were differentially sensitive to semantic anomaly, resulting in different N400 effects. Presently, we ask whether individual dispositional affect scores (as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS) would modulate N400 effects as shown previously. Namely, previous results showed larger N400 effects associated with happy moods and attenuated amplitudes associated with sad moods. Results revealed significant N400 effects, driven by the #roof vs. the wine, where larger amplitude differences were found for individuals showing smaller negative affect (NA) scores, thus partially replicating previous findings. We discuss our results in terms of theories of local (lexical) inhibition, such that low NA promotes stronger lexico-semantic links in sentences. Finally, our results support accounts of language processing that include social and biological characteristics of individuals during real-time sentence comprehension.

Gives you wings or not? Exploring the impact of viewers’ responsibility attribution and surprise on their attitude, identification and trust

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Jens Seiffert-Brockmann ◽  
Christopher Ruppel ◽  
Sabine Einwiller
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Inoculation Theory ◽  
Responsibility Attribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Red Bull

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of critical, journalistic documentaries on viewers. More precisely, it investigates the effects of responsibility attribution and surprise on stakeholder attitude, trust and identification. Design/methodology/approach In a quasi-experimental pre-post setting, 127 participants viewed a documentary about Austrian beverage and marketing company Red Bull. The film inquired into the deaths of six extreme athletes sponsored by the company. As a critical, investigative piece, the documentary was designed to give viewers the impression that Red Bull was, at least partially, responsible for the athletes’ deaths. Findings Results show that responsibility attribution, the feeling of being surprised and being in a state of negative affect, had a significant impact on viewers’ attitude and trust toward, and identification with Red Bull. Originality/value The study adds insights on surprise as a factor in viewers’ assessment of responsibility. The study is original in terms of methodology by using real-time rating to ascertain which sequences trigger changes in responsibility attribution among viewers. Furthermore, implications of the study’s findings with regard to inoculation theory are discussed.

scholarly journals Hedonism and the choice of everyday activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (35) ◽  
pp. 9769-9773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Taquet ◽  
Jordi Quoidbach ◽  
Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye ◽  
Martin Desseilles ◽  
James J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Everyday Activities

Most theories of motivation have highlighted that human behavior is guided by the hedonic principle, according to which our choices of daily activities aim to minimize negative affect and maximize positive affect. However, it is not clear how to reconcile this idea with the fact that people routinely engage in unpleasant yet necessary activities. To address this issue, we monitored in real time the activities and moods of over 28,000 people across an average of 27 d using a multiplatform smartphone application. We found that people’s choices of activities followed a hedonic flexibility principle. Specifically, people were more likely to engage in mood-increasing activities (e.g., play sports) when they felt bad, and to engage in useful but mood-decreasing activities (e.g., housework) when they felt good. These findings clarify how hedonic considerations shape human behavior. They may explain how humans overcome the allure of short-term gains in happiness to maximize long-term welfare.

scholarly journals A Compassion-Focused Ecological Momentary Intervention for Enhancing Resilience in Help-Seeking Youth: Uncontrolled Pilot Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Rauschenberg ◽  
Benjamin Boecking ◽  
Isabell Paetzold ◽  
Koen Schruers ◽  
Anita Schick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Emotional Resilience ◽  
Ecological Momentary

BACKGROUND Digital interventions offer new avenues for low-threshold prevention and treatment in young people. Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) represent a powerful approach that allows for adaptive, real-time, and real-world delivery of intervention components in daily life by real-time processing of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data. Compassion-focused interventions (CFIs) may be particularly amenable to translation into an EMI to strengthen emotional resilience and modify putative risk mechanisms, such as stress sensitivity, in the daily lives of young help-seeking individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the feasibility, safety, and initial therapeutic effects of a novel, accessible, transdiagnostic, ecological momentary CFI for improving emotional resilience to stress (<i>EMIcompass</i>). METHODS In this uncontrolled pilot study, help-seeking youth with psychotic, depressive, or anxiety symptoms were offered the EMIcompass intervention in addition to treatment as usual. The EMIcompass intervention consisted of a 3-week EMI (including enhancing, consolidating, and EMA-informed interactive tasks) administered through a mobile health app and three face-to-face sessions with a trained psychologist intended to provide guidance and training on the CFI exercises presented in the app (ie, training session, follow-up booster session, and review session). RESULTS In total, 10 individuals (mean age 20.3 years, SD 3.8; range 14-25) were included in the study. Most (8/10, 80%) participants were satisfied and reported a low burden of app usage. No adverse events were observed. In approximately one-third of all EMAs, individuals scored high on stress, negative affect, or threat anticipation during the intervention period, resulting in real-time, interactive delivery of the CFI intervention components in addition to weekly enhancing and daily consolidating tasks. Although the findings should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample size, reduced stress sensitivity, momentary negative affect, and psychotic experiences, along with increased positive affect, were found at postintervention and the 4-week follow-up. Furthermore, reductions in psychotic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were found (<i>r</i>=0.30-0.65). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence on the feasibility and safety of the EMIcompass intervention for help-seeking youth and lend initial support to beneficial effects on stress sensitivity and mental health outcomes. An exploratory randomized controlled trial is warranted to establish the feasibility and preliminary evidence of its efficacy. CLINICALTRIAL

Mama Tried: Contingent Responding to Distress Does Not Increase Rates of Real-time Soothing in Infants High in Negative Affect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaya de Barbaro ◽  
Priyanka Khante ◽  
Meeka Maier ◽  
Sherryl Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
The Real ◽  
Infant Distress ◽  
Affect Expression ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
Time Sequences

Although maternal insensitivity, infant negative emotion expression, and maternal depression are consistently found to be associated, the processes by which these associations develop in the course of routine interactions are not well understood. To examine the processes by which these factors may become related, this paper characterizes the real-time sequences of mother and infant behaviors associated with infant soothing (or lack thereof) in mothers (n = 202) with a history of depression and their 3-month old infants. Analyses indicate that overall, maternal contingent responding to individual episodes of infant distress increases the likelihood of infant soothing in real-time. However, clustering analyses indicate that contingent responding does not significantly increase real-time soothing in infants who showed high negative affect expression.

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