scholarly journals Dynamic associations between stressful life events and adolescent internalizing psychopathology in a multiwave longitudinal study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Jenness ◽  
Matthew Peverill ◽  
Kevin M. King ◽  
Benjamin L. Hankin ◽  
Katie A. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology

scholarly journals High emotion differentiation buffers against internalizing symptoms following exposure to stressful life events in adolescence: An intensive longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik C Nook ◽  
John Coleman Flournoy ◽  
Alexandra M Rodman ◽  
Patrick Mair ◽  
Katie A McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Emotion Differentiation ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
The Face

Exposure to stressful life events is strongly associated with internalizing psychopathology, and identifying factors that reduce vulnerability to stress-related internalizing problems is critical for development of early interventions. Drawing on research from affective science, we tested whether high emotion differentiation—the ability to specifically identify one’s feelings—buffers adolescents from developing internalizing symptoms when exposed to stress. Thirty adolescents completed a laboratory measure of emotion differentiation before an intensive year-long longitudinal study in which exposure to stress and internalizing problems were assessed at both the moment-level (n=4,921 experience sampling assessments) and monthly-level (n=355 monthly assessments). High negative and positive emotion differentiation attenuated moment-level coupling between perceived stress and feelings of depression, and high negative emotion differentiation eliminated monthly-level associations between stressful life events and anxiety symptoms. These results suggest that high emotion differentiation buffers adolescents against anxiety and depression in the face of stress, perhaps by facilitating adaptive emotion regulation.

scholarly journals Antipoverty programs mitigate socioeconomic disparities in brain structure and psychopathology among U.S. youths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G Weissman ◽  
Mark Hatzenbuehler ◽  
Mina Cikara ◽  
Deanna Barch ◽  
Katie A McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Antipoverty Programs

Low socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood is associated with altered neural development and elevated risk for psychopathology. Can public policies that increase financial resources for families with low income—including cash assistance programs and the presence of Medicaid expansion—reduce these socioeconomic disparities in brain development and mental health? Addressing this question has not been previously possible, because neuroimaging studies are typically conducted in a single community. We leverage a unique opportunity provided by the Adolescent Behavior and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which provided harmonized neuroimaging data from 11,534 youth across 21 sites (in 17 states) that differed in cost of living and anti-poverty policy climates. Lower SES was associated with smaller hippocampal volume, higher internalizing psychopathology, and greater exposure to stressful life events, but the magnitude of these associations varied significantly across states. The association of SES with hippocampal volume was about 37% smaller in states where cost of living was high but that provided more generous cash benefits for lower SES families as compared to states with less generous benefits. In high cost of living states where antipoverty programs were more generous, the association between SES and hippocampal volume resembled that of low cost of living states. Similar patterns were observed for internalizing psychopathology and stressful life events. These findings demonstrate that macroeconomic conditions moderate the degree to which family income influences children’s neurodevelopment and mental health and that anti-poverty policies exert a buffering effect against the negative impacts of low SES.

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