scholarly journals Temperament and externalizing behavior as mediators of genetic risk on adolescent substance use.

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M. Trucco ◽  
Brian M. Hicks ◽  
Sandra Villafuerte ◽  
Joel T. Nigg ◽  
Margit Burmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance

scholarly journals The association of prenatal cocaine exposure, externalizing behavior and adolescent substance use

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Minnes ◽  
Meeyoung O. Min ◽  
June-Yung Kim ◽  
Meredith W. Francis ◽  
Adelaide Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Cocaine Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Cocaine Exposure ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Prenatal Cocaine

scholarly journals Rural environments reduce the genetic influence on adolescent substance use and rule-breaking behavior

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Legrand ◽  
M. Keyes ◽  
M. McGue ◽  
W. G. Iacono ◽  
R. F. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Rule Breaking

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that certain environmental factors can modify genetic effects. This is an important area of investigation as such work will help to guide the development of new intervention programs. In this paper, we address whether rural environments moderate the genetic influence on adolescent substance use and rule-breaking behavior (i.e. externalizing psychopathology).MethodOver 1200 Minnesotan 17-year-old twins were classified as either urban or rural. Externalizing behavior was operationalized as the use and abuse of alcohol and drugs along with symptoms of conduct, oppositional defiant, and antisocial personality disorders. Biometric factor modeling estimated whether the relative contribution of genetic and shared environmental factors varied from urban to rural settings.ResultsResidency effects reached statistical significance in the male sample only. In urban environments, externalizing behavior was substantially influenced by genetic factors, but in rural environments, shared environmental factors became more influential. This was apparent at both the individual-variable and factor levels.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a gene–environment interaction in the development of male adolescents' problem behaviors, including substance use. The results fit within an expanding literature demonstrating both the contextual nature of the heritability statistic and how certain environments may constrain the expression of genetic tendencies.

Interactions between Genetic, Prenatal, Cortisol, and Parenting Influences on Adolescent Substance Use and Frequency: A TRAILS Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kristine Marceau ◽  
Leslie A. Brick ◽  
Joëlle A. Pasman ◽  
Valerie S. Knopik ◽  
Sijmen A. Reijneveld
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Prenatal Risk ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Parenting Influences ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Dynamic relations between genetic, hormone, and pre- and postnatal environments are theorized as critically important for adolescent substance use but are rarely tested in multifactorial models. This study assessed the impact of interactions of genetic risk and cortisol reactivity with prenatal and parenting influences on both any and frequency of adolescent substance use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data are from the TRacking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a prospective longitudinal, multi-rater study of 2,230 Dutch adolescents. Genetic risk was assessed via 3 substance-specific polygenic scores. Mothers retrospectively reported prenatal risk when adolescents were 11 years old. Adolescents rated their parents’ warmth and hostility at age 11. Salivary cortisol reactivity was measured in response to a social stress task at age 16. Adolescents’ self-reported cigarette, alcohol, and cannabis use frequency at age 16. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A multivariate hurdle regression model showed that polygenic risk for smoking, alcohol, and cannabis predicted any use of each substance, respectively, but predicted more frequent use only for smoking. Blunted cortisol reactivity predicted any use and more frequent use for all 3 outcomes. There were 2 interactions: blunted cortisol reactivity exacerbated the association of polygenic risk with any smoking and the association of prenatal risk with any alcohol use. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Polygenic risk seems of importance for early use but less so for frequency of use, whereas blunted cortisol reactivity was correlated with both. Blunted cortisol reactivity may also catalyze early risks for substance use, though to a limited degree. Gene-environment interactions play no role in the context of this multifactorial model.

Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and externalizing behavior on adolescent substance use (15–17 years)

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Sonia Minnes ◽  
Meeyoung O. Min ◽  
Lynn T. Singer ◽  
Barbara Lewis ◽  
Adelaide Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Cocaine Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Cocaine Exposure ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Prenatal Cocaine

NOVELTY SEEKING AND ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE USE: SHARED GENETIC RISK.

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 30A
Author(s):  
M Laucht ◽  
A S. Hinckers ◽  
E Hohm ◽  
K Becker ◽  
M H. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Shared Genetic

Adolescent Substance Use Screening Integrated With Electronic Medical Records

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McKenna ◽  
B. Gaines ◽  
C. Hatfield ◽  
S. Helman ◽  
L. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Adolescent Substance
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