Attachment insecurity, biased perceptions of romantic partners’ negative emotions, and hostile relationship behavior.

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickola C. Overall ◽  
Garth J. O. Fletcher ◽  
Jeffry A. Simpson ◽  
Jennifer Fillo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Attachment Insecurity

scholarly journals Being in the Moment So You Can Keep Moving Forward: Mindfulness and Rumination Mediate the Relationship between Attachment Orientations and Negative Conflict Styles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6472
Author(s):  
Rachael E. Quickert ◽  
Tara K. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Attachment Insecurity ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Attachment Orientations ◽  
The Relationship

Attachment insecurity has been associated with negative behaviors during conflict and decreased relationship satisfaction. We theorize that individuals high in attachment anxiety and/or avoidance are less mindful during conflict with their romantic partners, and thus more likely to ruminate. Decreased mindfulness and higher levels of rumination may be important mechanisms in the relationship between attachment insecurity and conflict behavior, as it may be more difficult to engage in constructive problem-solving skills when one is distracted from the present moment. We conducted an online survey assessing 360 participants’ attachment orientations, levels of mindfulness and rumination, behavior during conflict, and experience with mindfulness activities. Using a serial mediation model, we found that mindfulness and rumination mediated the relationship between attachment insecurity and negative conflict behaviors. We further discovered that individuals high in attachment insecurity were more likely to report negative experiences with mindfulness activities (i.e., meditation and yoga), and that this relationship was mediated by higher levels of experiential avoidance, or a fear of engaging with one’s own thoughts and feelings. We discuss the importance of increasing mindfulness and decreasing both rumination and experiential avoidance to assist individuals high in attachment insecurity in navigating relationship conflict using more constructive and relationship-promoting strategies.

Does covid-19 "infect" love? How italian emerging adults lived their romantic relationships during the time of lockdown

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Gaia Cuccì ◽  
Maria Giulia Olivari ◽  
Emanuela Confalonieri
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Relationship Importance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Romantic Relationship Quality ◽  
The Way

In Italy the Covid-19 pandemic and the lockdown have deeply changed the way Italian people used to live. Many emerging adults had to self-distance from their romantic partners and modify the way of communicating and relating to each other. Thus managing a romantic relationship could be very challenging.The study quantitatively and qualitatively investigates the association between Lockdown related negative emotions, perception of the romantic relationship quality, changes in the relationship's characteristics and conflict within the couple. The sample consists of 171 emerging adults involved in a romantic relationship, who spent the time of lockdown apart from the romantic partner.Results showed that the perception of the relationship quality was not greatly associated with Lockdown related negative emotions, but was associated with changes and higher conflict within the relationship. Qualitative data support and enrich these results. Changes and conflicts within the relationship were due to: difficulties to communicate, lack of intimacy, awareness about relationship importance or presence of emotionaldetachment between partners.

scholarly journals Relational turbulence from the COVID-19 pandemic: Within-subjects mediation by romantic partner interdependence

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110001
Author(s):  
Alan K. Goodboy ◽  
Megan R. Dillow ◽  
Kevin C. Knoster ◽  
Heath A. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Turbulence Theory ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Relational Turbulence ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The U.S

Relational turbulence theory posits that external changes to the relational environment compel romantic partners to navigate transitions by establishing new daily routines as interdependent couples. The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented transition fraught with difficult changes that have the potential to be especially disruptive to romantic partners’ daily routines as couples alter their patterns of interdependence and adapt their everyday lives. To study the pandemic’s effect as a relational transition, college students in romantic relationships ( N = 314) completed measures of partner facilitation and interference, negative emotions, and relational turbulence as they recalled what their relationships were like prior to the pandemic (January, 2020) and then reported on their relationships during the peak of the first wave of the pandemic in the U.S. (April, 2020). On average, negative emotions (i.e., anger, fear, sadness) toward interacting with partners and relational turbulence both increased from before to during the pandemic, and partner interference was positively correlated, whereas facilitation was inversely correlated, with negative emotions during the pandemic. Results of a within-subjects mediation model revealed that changes in relational turbulence were explained, in part, by a decrease in partner interdependence due to the pandemic. A direct effect of the pandemic on increases in relational turbulence was also discovered.

Attachment insecurity and inducing guilt to produce desired change in romantic partners

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANUKI D. JAYAMAHA ◽  
CHRISTIAN ANTONELLIS ◽  
NICKOLA C. OVERALL
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Attachment Insecurity

scholarly journals Affect Intolerance is Associated with Insecure Attachment and Reduced Self-Esteem in Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kisley ◽  
Christina S. Caudle ◽  
Amanda M. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Attachment Insecurity ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Growing Body

Despite the adaptive relevance of emotion, many individuals view their negative emotional experiences to be un-important, unnecessarily distressing and/or intolerable. Two studies were conducted to investigate whether such de-valuing “meta-emotional” views are associated with attachment insecurity, specifically anxious and avoidant attachment, in adults. Self-report questionnaires of meta-emotional philosophy (including “affect intolerance”), attachment insecurity, and self-esteem were collected from two samples: one through Amazon Mturk (N=96), another from students enrolled at a U.S. university (N=166). Correlation analyses demonstrated that affect intolerance was associated with insecure attachment in both studies. In the second study, self-esteem was shown to mediate that relationship, fully for avoidant attachment, and partially for anxious attachment. These findings contribute to a growing body of literature demonstrating that dismissive, intolerant, or devaluing personal views of one’s own negative emotions is associated with deleterious psychological outcomes. Keywords: Emotion; Meta-Emotion; Affect; Self-Esteem; Attachment; Evolution

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

An Initial Investigation of Suicide Attempt Disclosures Among US Veterans

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Sarah P. Carter ◽  
Heather M. Gebhardt ◽  
Jonathan Buchholz ◽  
Mark A. Reger
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Patient Disclosure ◽  
Previous Suicide Attempt

Abstract. Background: Patient disclosure of prior suicidal behaviors is critical for effectively managing suicide risk; however, many attempts go undisclosed. Aims: The current study explored how responses following a suicide attempt disclosure may relate to help-seeking outcomes. Method: Participants included 37 veterans with a previous suicide attempt receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment. Veterans reported on their most and least helpful experiences disclosing their suicide attempt to others. Results: Veterans disclosed their suicide attempt to approximately eight individuals. Mental health professionals were the most cited recipient of their most helpful disclosure; romantic partners were the most common recipient of their least helpful disclosures. Positive reactions within the context of the least helpful disclosure experience were positively associated with a sense of connection with the disclosure recipient. Positive reactions within the most helpful disclosure experience were positively associated with the likelihood of future disclosure. No reactions were associated with having sought professional care or likelihood of seeking professional care. Limitations: The results are considered preliminary due to the small sample size. Conclusion: Findings suggest that while positive reactions may influence suicide attempt disclosure experiences broadly, additional research is needed to clarify factors that drive the decision to disclose a suicide attempt to a professional.

Towards a Validation of Multiple Features in the Assessment of Emotions

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Skiffington ◽  
Ephrem Fernandez ◽  
Ken McFarland
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Action Tendency ◽  
Intensity Range

This study extends previous attempts to assess emotion with single adjective descriptors, by examining semantic as well as cognitive, motivational, and intensity features of emotions. The focus was on seven negative emotions common to several emotion typologies: anger, fear, sadness, shame, pity, jealousy, and contempt. For each of these emotions, seven items were generated corresponding to cognitive appraisal about the self, cognitive appraisal about the environment, action tendency, action fantasy, synonym, antonym, and intensity range of the emotion, respectively. A pilot study established that 48 of the 49 items were linked predominantly to the specific emotions as predicted. The main data set comprising 700 subjects' ratings of relatedness between items and emotions was subjected to a series of factor analyses, which revealed that 44 of the 49 items loaded on the emotion constructs as predicted. A final factor analysis of these items uncovered seven factors accounting for 39% of the variance. These emergent factors corresponded to the hypothesized emotion constructs, with the exception of anger and fear, which were somewhat confounded. These findings lay the groundwork for the construction of an instrument to assess emotions multicomponentially.

Daily Experiences of Commuting Strain and Self-Control at Work and at Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Bettina S. Wiese ◽  
Olivia Chaillié ◽  
Ruth Noppeney ◽  
Anna M. Stertz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
At Home

Abstract. The study investigates how commuting strain affects daily self-control capacities at work and at home. Irritability (i.e., increased readiness to express negative emotions when facing frustration) and concentration (i.e., a cognitive control capacity that relies on attention) were used as indicators of (impaired) self-control. Based on 5-day diary data from N = 185 train commuters, we found that on days with a strenuous ride from home to work, commuters indicated higher irritability and lower concentration capacity at work. On days with higher strain during the work-to-home ride, commuters reported to be more irritable back home. Moreover, commuters with low emotional stability turned out to be more affected by commuting strain but only if considering self-control impairment at home.

When Does Voice Have to be More Than Only Listening? Procedural Justice Effects as a Function of Confident Leadership

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David De Cremer ◽  
Maarten Wubben
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Negative Emotions

The present research examined how voice procedures and leader confidence affect participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. It was predicted that receiving voice would be valued out of instrumental concerns, but only when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Two laboratory experiments indeed showed an interaction between type of voice (pre-decisional vs. post-decisional) and leader’s confidence (low vs. high) on participants’ negative emotions and willingness to withdraw. In particular, post-decision voice only led to more negative responses than did pre-decision voice when the enacting leader was high in confidence. Negative emotions mediated this interaction effect of type of voice on willingness to withdraw. Implications for integrating the leadership and procedural justice literatures are discussed.

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