scholarly journals Cannabis use history and characteristics of quit attempts: A comparison study of treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking cannabis users.

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Pacek ◽  
Ryan Vandrey
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Quit Attempts

scholarly journals Anxiety sensitivity components in relation to alcohol and cannabis use, motives, and problems in treatment-seeking cigarette smokers

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey R. Guillot ◽  
Heidemarie Blumenthal ◽  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
Norman B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Cigarette Smokers

scholarly journals Inclusion of Cannabis Users in Alcohol Research Samples: Screening In, Screening Out, and Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-423
Author(s):  
Alexandra Venegas ◽  
Lindsay R Meredith ◽  
Ziva D Cooper ◽  
Brandon Towns ◽  
Lara A Ray
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
The Past ◽  
Heavy Drinkers

Abstract Background Alcohol and cannabis are frequently co-used, as 20–50% of those who drink alcohol report co-using cannabis. This study is based on the argument that alcohol researchers should enroll cannabis users in human laboratory studies of alcohol use disorder (AUD) to strengthen generalizability. This study examines how heavy drinking cannabis users differ from non-cannabis using heavy drinkers. Methods In a community sample of non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers (n = 551, 35% female), cannabis users were identified through: (a) self-reported cannabis use in the past 6 months and (b) positive urine toxicology test for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabis users, identified as described previously, were compared with non-cannabis users on demographic and clinical characteristics. Results Those who endorsed cannabis use in the past 6 months reported more binge drinking days. Participants who tested positive for THC had higher Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test scores and more binge drinking days. Younger age and being a tobacco smoker were associated with an increased likelihood of cannabis use in the past 6 months, whereas male gender and being a tobacco use were associated with a greater likelihood of testing positive for THC. Individuals with cannabis use disorder (CUD) endorsed more depression and anxiety and had higher AUD symptom counts than cannabis users without CUD. Conclusions The inclusion of cannabis users in AUD samples allows for increased clinical severity. Excluding cannabis users from AUD studies may limit representativeness and expend unnecessary study resources. Lastly, tobacco use may explain a large portion of the effects of cannabis use on sample characteristics. Short Summary Alcohol and cannabis are frequently co-used substances. In a sample of non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers (n = 551, 35% female), cannabis users reported higher alcohol use and higher likelihood of tobacco use than non-cannabis users. Including cannabis users in alcohol research studies will improve representativeness and likely increase clinical severity.

scholarly journals Emotional disorders and smoking: Relations to quit attempts and cessation strategies among treatment-seeking smokers

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Zvolensky ◽  
Samantha G. Farris ◽  
Adam M. Leventhal ◽  
Joseph W. Ditre ◽  
Norman B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Quit Attempts

scholarly journals Associations of Night Smoking and Cravings with Quit Intentions and Attempts

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Richard J. O’Connor ◽  
Kristie M. June ◽  
Maansi Bansal-Travers
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Online Panel ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Quit Intentions

Introduction: Waking at night to smoke can also serve as an indicator of dependence and treatment success.Aims: We sought to examine whether night smoking is associated with features of smoking behaviour in a non-treatment-seeking sample of adult smokers in the general population.Methods: Data for this study come from 1,062 current smokers obtained from an opt-in online panel in July 2010. Night smoking and night craving to smoke were assessed by questionnaire, and dependence was assessed by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Relationships were assessed using linear, logistic, and negative binomial regression.Findings: Overall, 20.6% reported that they woke at night to smoke. FTND scores were substantially higher in those reporting night smoking. Those who reported night cravings were more likely to report quit intentions. Night smokers made 3.6 actual quit attempts (95% CI: 2.8, 4.5) per year, adjusted for other model factors, compared to 2.7 (2.2, 3.2) attempts for night cravers and 2.2 (1.8, 2.7) attempts for smokers who reported neither.Conclusions: Overall, night smokers reported higher nicotine dependence than cravers and those who experienced neither. The current study adds to a growing literature pointing to the importance of overnight smoking as an indicator of nicotine dependence.

Does cannabis use moderate smoking cessation outcomes in treatment-seeking tobacco smokers? Analysis from a large multi-center trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Rabin ◽  
Rebecca L. Ashare ◽  
Robert A. Schnoll ◽  
Paul M. Cinciripini ◽  
Larry W. Hawk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Treatment Seeking

scholarly journals Blunts versus joints: Cannabis use characteristics and consequences among treatment-seeking adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaTrice Montgomery ◽  
Erin A. McClure ◽  
Rachel L. Tomko ◽  
Susan C. Sonne ◽  
Theresa Winhusen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Treatment Seeking

scholarly journals Smokers who seek help in specialized cessation clinics: How special are they compared to smokers in general population?

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy V. Samokhvalov ◽  
Peter Selby ◽  
Susan J Bondy ◽  
Michael Chaiton ◽  
Anca Ialomiteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Smoking Patterns ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Health Monitor

Introduction: Patients of specialized nicotine dependence clinics are hypothesized to form a distinct subpopulation of smokers due to the features associated with treatment seeking. The aim of the study was to describe this subpopulation of smokers and compare it to smokers in general population.Material and methods: A chart review of 796 outpatients attending a specialized nicotine dependence clinic, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada was performed. Client smoking patterns and sociodemographic characteristics were compared to smokers in the general population using two Ontario surveys – the Ontario Tobacco Survey (n = 898) and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Monitor (n = 457).Results: Smokers who seek treatment tend to smoke more and be more heavily addicted. They were older, had longer history of smoking and greater number of unsuccessful quit attempts, both assisted and unassisted. They reported lower education and income, had less social support and were likely to live with other smokers.Conclusions: Smokers who seek treatment in specialized centers differ from the smokers in general population on several important characteristics. These same characteristics are associated with lower chances for successful smoking cessation and sustained abstinence and should be taken into consideration during clinical assessment and treatment planning.

scholarly journals High Rates of Tramadol Use among Treatment-Seeking Adolescents in Malmö, Sweden: A Study of Hair Analysis of Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. Olsson ◽  
Agneta Öjehagen ◽  
Louise Brådvik ◽  
Robert Kronstrand ◽  
Anders Håkansson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Hair Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Problematic Substance Use ◽  
Problematic Substance ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use ◽  
Symptom Criteria

Background. Nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) is a growing problem and tramadol has been suggested as an emerging problem in young treatment-seeking individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate, through hair analysis, NMPOU in this group and, specifically, tramadol use. Methods. In a study including 73 treatment-seeking adolescents and young adults at an outpatient facility for young substance users, hair specimens could be obtained from 59 subjects. Data were extracted on sociodemographic background variables and psychiatric diagnoses through MINI interviews. Results. In hair analysis, tramadol was by far the most prevalent opioid detected. Thirty-two percent screened positive for opioids, and of those, all but one were positive for tramadol. Ninety-eight percent reported problematic cannabis use. Significantly more opioid-positive patients also screened positive for other (noncannabis) drugs, compared to nonopioid users. Sixty-four percent fulfilled criteria of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders, other than substance use disorders according to MINI. Fifty-three percent met the symptom criteria count of ADHD above cut-off level. Conclusion. In the present setting, tramadol, along with high rates of cannabis use, may represent a novel pattern of substance use among young treatment-seeking subjects with problematic substance use and high rates of concurrent psychiatric problems.

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