scholarly journals Pubertal development, personality, and substance use: A 10-year longitudinal study from childhood to adolescence.

2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 782-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Castellanos-Ryan ◽  
Sophie Parent ◽  
Frank Vitaro ◽  
Richard E. Tremblay ◽  
Jean R. Séguin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pubertal Development

Comparative Analysis of Substance Use in Ballet, Dance Sport, and Synchronized Swimming: Results of a Longitudinal Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Zenic ◽  
Mia Peric ◽  
Nada G Zubcevic ◽  
Zdenko Ostojic ◽  
Ljerka Ostojic
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Synchronized Swimming ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Olympic Sport

There have been few studies comparing substance use and misuse (SU&M) in different performing arts forms. Herein, we identified and compared SU&M in women studying an art (ballet, n = 21), a non-Olympic sport (dance sport, n = 25), and an Olympic sport (synchronized swimming, n = 23). The sample of variables comprised general, educational, and sport factors, as well as SU&M data, including consumption of opiates, cigarettes, alcohol, nutritional supplements, doping behaviors, and beliefs. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found no significant differences between study groups in potential doping behaviors. Most of the examinees reported that they did not rely on physicians’ and/or coaches’ opinions regarding doping. Only sport dancers recognized their consumption of cannabis as a violation of anti-doping rules. Those more convinced that doping habits are present in their sport (or art) have a certain tendency toward doping usage. In conclusion, a strong anti-doping campaign within the studied arts is suggested, focusing on the health-related problems of SU&M.

scholarly journals Towards a novel marker of insulin resistance in obesity: S100A4 in girls along the puberty. The longitudinal study “PUBMEP”

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Anguita-Ruiz ◽  
Andrea Méndez-Gutierrez ◽  
Azahara I. Ruperez ◽  
Rosaura Leis ◽  
Gloria Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Pubertal Maturation ◽  
S100a4 Protein

AbstractIntroduction:Insulin resistance (IR) is the major driver for the development of obesity-associated metabolic and cardiovascular complications. It is well known that IR increase physiologically during puberty; hence, pubertal maturation might favour this metabolic risk in obese children. Recently, a study carried out in adult women with obesity has identified a new adipokine, known as S100A4, strongly associated with IR and inflammation in adipose tissue. On the contrary, little is known about the implication of S100A4 in the development of such metabolic disturbances during the onset and course of pubertal development.Materials and methods:A longitudinal study was conducted on 53 Spanish girls distributed in six experimental conditions according to their obesity and IR status (before (T0) and after (T1) the onset of puberty). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated in all samples and time points. Classification of pubertal stage was made according to the Tanner scale. S100A4 protein levels were quantified by ELISA CSB-EL02032HU in plasma samples (Cusabio Biotech, Wuhan, China). The statistical analysis of the results was carried out with the “nlme” package in R v3.4.4, using a mixed-effects linear model with random intercept and slope.Results:At a significance level of alpha = 0.05, a linear mixed-effects model reported a significant association (P = 0.03) between the interaction term “time*experimental group” and S100A4 levels. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons between experimental groups revealed a strong association between a worsening/improvement of the IR status and the increase/decrease of S100A4 levels (yielding significant results for 5 of the 15 comparisons (P = 0.008, P = 0.04, P = 0.02, P = 0.04 and P = 0.02)). Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model reported a positive correlation between the increase in S100A4 levels and the increase in HOMA values during the course of puberty (B = 6.03, SE = 2.66 and P = 0.028).Discussion:The S100A4 protein is strongly associated with the development of IR in girls with childhood obesity and this association is accentuated during pubertal development. Increase in S100A4 levels could be one of the molecular mechanisms by which pubertal maturation favour an increased metabolic risk in children with obesity.

Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A. Andrews ◽  
Erika Westling
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
College Attendance ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Western World ◽  
Optimal Decision Making

The prevalence of substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) and the co-occurrence of SUDs with other mental health disorders peaks in emerging adulthood. This review examines prevalence as a function of gender, race/ethnicity, historical trends, and geographic regions across both the US and Western world. Prospective predictors reviewed include the effects of early life stress, parental factors (including parental use, support, and parenting skills), peer affiliations, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, educational attainment, personality, and timing of pubertal development. Concurrent predictors include assumption of adult roles and college attendance, stress associated with life events, changes in personality, and laws and taxation. Also reviewed are consequences of use, including neurological changes. The peak in prevalence across emerging adulthood may be due to several factors, including freedom from constraint, increased peer pressure, less than optimal decision-making skills, high disinhibition, and increased stress during this developmental period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document